Sun Quan, Liu Bei and Cao Cao are all heroes of the Three Kingdoms. They all have the ambition to unify China, but unfortunately they all failed. They were also the last figures to proclaim themselves emperors in the Three Kingdoms. In his later years, he failed to deal with the issue of establishment of reserves, which led to the decline of and Wu State . The problem of establishing a heir is a common problem among emperors. There is no family relationship between father and son, only swords and swords, blood flowing like rivers, and the imperial family has been ruthless since ancient times.
created the first contact with Taiwan in the history of Chinese dynasties, paving the way for Taiwan to become a member of the Chinese nation in the future. I think the strategic management of Liaodong and the southward expedition to the Nanyang countries, the development of maritime undertakings and the establishment of contacts were of great contribution to Chinese history. In addition, the management of Shanyue and the South was of positive significance to the development of Jiangnan.
Emperor Wu Sun Quan He was proclaimed emperor in 229 and reigned for 24 years. His reign names were Huangwu (222--228), Huanglong (229--231), Jiahe (232--237), Chiwu (238--250), Taiyuan (251), Shenfeng (252)
Sun Quan, the Great Emperor of Wu (182-252), named Zhongmou, his father Sun Jian, and his brother Sun Ce occupied six counties in Jiangdong after the war. Sun Ce died of illness in 200. Sun Quan succeeded to the throne of Wu Hou, rebel general, led Kuaiji prefect, and began to rule Jiangdong. Suppressed Fu Shanyue, destroyed Huangzu and occupied Xiakou.
In 208, he joined forces with Liu Bei to defeat Cao Cao in Chibi, forming a tripartite alliance among the Three Kingdoms.
After the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu gradually gained the Jiangling area. In 210, Sun Quan appointed Bu Zhi as the governor of Jiaozhou (now the Guangzhou area). Bu Zhi led his troops southward and expanded Soochow's power to the Jiaozhou area. Jiaozhi Taishou Shi Xie led his brothers to accept Sun's control. In 211, Sun Quan followed the advice of his adviser Zhang Hong and moved his seat to moling. The following year, a stone city was built, and Moling was renamed Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). In the same year, Ruxuwu was built to prevent Cao Cao from invading southward. In 219, Sun Quan successfully attacked Liu Bei's Jingzhou . In December, Pan Zhang's troops Ma Zhong were captured Guan Yu and Guan Ping , Zhao Lei were equal to Lin Ju. Sun Quan beheaded Guan Yu and pacified Jingzhou.
221, Sun Quan moved the capital from Gong'an to Ezhou, changed Ezhou's name to Wuchang (today's Ezhou City, Hubei Province), and immediately built Wuchang City. After Cao Pi became emperor in 222, Sun Quan sent envoys to request to become a vassal of Wei, and sent his subordinates yu ban and others back to the north. In November, Cao Pi gave Sun Quan Jiuxi, named him King of Wu, Great General, and led the shepherd of Jingzhou, and made him the governor of Jingyang and the military of the three states. In 222, Liu Bei mobilized troops to attack Sun Quan. Sun Quan decisively appointed Lu Xun as the governor-general to attack Liu Bei. In the Battle of Yiling the following year, he defeated the Shu army and Liu Bei fled back to Baidi City. This battle stabilized the territory of Jingzhou under the rule of Wu.
In April 229, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang, with the country name Wu. He followed his father Sun Jian, the Polu general, as Emperor Wulie, his mother Wu was Queen Wulie, his brother Sun Ce was King Huan of Changsha, Sun Deng was the crown prince, Gu Yong was the prime minister, Gu Yong was the prime minister, Lu Xun was the general, Zhuge Jin was the general, and the title was changed to Huanglong. In September, the capital was moved to Jianye (Nanjing) and Stone City was built. Sun Quan was so good at governing the country that Cao Cao also lamented that " having children should be like Sun Zhongmou."
During his reign, in order to restore and develop production, Sun Quan made many lenient tax and interest adjustments. After seizing Jingzhou, he "completely eliminated the rent and taxes of Jingzhou residents" and ordered the generals to be prepared for danger in times of peace, strengthen their armaments, and advocate frugality, which promoted the development of Jiangnan. Sun Quan's management of Liaodong, like his pursuit of foreign lands, was of positive significance to the development of a unified multi-ethnic country, and its historical role should be affirmed. In his later years, he became mediocre and killed innocent people indiscriminately. In the first month of the year 230, generals Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhizhi sent 10,000 naval troops to Taiwan, which they called "Yizhou". This was the first contact between a Chinese dynasty and Taiwan documented in Chinese history.
In May 241, the prince Sun Deng died.In the first month of 242, Sun and Sun were established as princes. In August, Sun Ba was established as King of Lu. This triggered the "Controversy between the Second Palace", and the ministers in the DPRK were also divided into two factions. In 250, Sun Quan deposed the crown prince Sun He and granted death to King Lu and Sun Ba . In November, Sun Quan made Sun Liang the crown prince. The famous minister Lu Xun was also scolded by Sun Quan for his involvement in this incident, and died in anger. Sun Wu began to decline. In May 251, Sun Quan established the Queen Pan family. In the first month of 252, Sun Quan made Sun He the king of Nanyang and lived in Changsha. His descendants became kings of Qi and lived in Wuchang. His descendants, Xiu, became King Langhuxie and lived in Hulin. In February, an edict was issued for amnesty, and the Yuan Shenfeng was changed. In February, Queen Pan was hanged to death by a palace maid. In April, Sun Quan died in the inner palace at the age of 71. He was given the posthumous title of Great Emperor and the temple name of Taizu. When was seriously ill before his death, he entrusted the future affairs of Prince Taifu Zhuge Ke and Zhongshu Ling Sun Hong, Taichang Teng Yin, General Lu Ju, and Shizhong Sun Jun. Sun Quan was the longest-lived ruler in the Three Kingdoms era.
The Second Palace Controversy : After the death of the eldest son Sun Deng, Sun Quan's third son Sun He was established as the prince. Since the fifth year of Chiwu (242), great conflicts have arisen between Sun He and King Sun Ba of Lu over the issue of the crown prince. The ministers in the court were also divided into two factions, supporting the prince and King Lu respectively. Among them, Lu Xun, Gu Tan, Wucan, Zhu Ju, Zhuge Ke, etc. all supported the prince, while Bu Zhi, Lu Dai, Quan Cong, Lu Zhi, and Sun Hong all supported King Lu. In August of the thirteenth year of Chiwu (250 years), Sun Quan deposed Sun He and granted death to Sun Ba. In November of the same year, Sun Liang was appointed crown prince.
Governance of the South: In 226, when Shi Xie, the prefect of Jiaozhi, died, Sun Quan divided Jiaozhou (governing today's Beining, Vietnam) into Guangzhou, and divided Jiaozhi (now east of Hanoi, Vietnam), Jiuzhen (now northwest of Thanhhua, Vietnam), and Rinan (now Meili, Vietnam) into Jiaozhou, and named Dai Liang As the governor; with Cangwu (now Wuzhou, Guangxi), Nanhai (now Guangzhou, Guangdong), Yulin (now west of Guiping, Guangxi), and Hepu (now northeast of Hepu, Guangxi) as Guangzhou, Lu Dai, the former governor of Jiaozhou, was appointed as the governor. Shixie's son Shihui raised an army and called himself the prefect of Jiaozhi. But not long after, he was lured and killed by Lu Dai. Later, Sun Quan merged Jiaozhou and Guangzhou into Jiaozhou.
Sun Deng (209-241), named Zigao, was the eldest son (concubine) of Sun Quan, the emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. He was established as the crown prince in 229. In the same year, Sun Quan moved the capital to Jianye, leaving behind the crown prince Sun Deng, the princes and nine ministers. He recruited the general Lu Xun to assist Sun Deng in guarding Wuchang and take charge of the palace affairs remaining in Wuchang. He died in May of the fourth year of Chiwu at the age of thirty-three, and was given the posthumous title of Prince Xuan. Before his death, Sun Deng wrote to Sun Quan and put forward several suggestions to make the country stable and prosperous. He also recommended Lu Xun, Zhuge Jin, Bu Zhi, Zhu Ran, Quan Cong, Zhu Ju, and Lu Dai. , Wu Can, Kanze, Yan Zhen, Zhang Cheng, Sun Yi and many other outstanding ministers. I hope Sun Quan can get closer to them and appoint them to make Wu prosperous. His descendants Sun Fan and Sun Xi both died early, and his second son Sun Ying was later granted the title of Marquis of Wu. In the first year of Wufeng (254), Sun Ying was dissatisfied with the powerful minister and general Sun Jun's monopoly on power, and plotted to kill Sun Jun. Later, when the incident was revealed, he committed suicide and the feudal country was eliminated.
Many emperors will face the same situation as Sun Quan when it comes to the crown prince issue, which leads to a series of sequelae of the crown prince issue. After the death of Prince Zhu Biao of Ming Zhu Yuanzhang , he failed to deal with it properly, resulting in a quarrel between uncles and nephews. King Yan Zhu Di became the first emperor to successfully rebel as a vassal. There are too many examples of the Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi two deposed princes, and eventually the nine sons fought against each other, wasting national power.
The place where Ruxu River enters the Yangtze River is Ruxukou . If Cao Cao led his navy south to invade Jianye, he had to pass through Ruxukou. Ruxukou is called "Kou". It is located between Qibao Mountain and Ruxu Mountain. The terrain is like the mouth of a bottle. The river suddenly becomes narrow here. Coupled with the altitude difference, the water here is extremely fast and the boat can capsize if you are not careful. Sun Quan ordered people to build Ruxuwu here to defend Cao Cao. Coupled with the advantage of Soochow Navy, it is easy to defend. In the first month of the eighteenth year of Jian'an (213 years), Cao Cao attacked Ruxuwu. Sun Quan used his boat division to besiege Cao Cao's navy and captured more than 3,000 people. Cao Cao's army drowned thousands of people. After more than a month of stalemate, Sun Quan successfully persuaded Cao Cao to retreat.
