Text | Exploring the Ancients and Discussions of Modern People
Editing | Exploring the Ancients and Discussions of Modern People
A sculpture, a stone tablet, and a grave. In a cemetery of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army Martyrs in North Korea, seeing these, we can also see the cemetery of the martyrs Mao Anying.
Mao Anying, he is the eldest son of Comrade Mao Zedong, the leader of the Chinese people, and is also the sixth relative of Chairman Mao who died in the long revolutionary process.
On the day Mao Anying died, Peng Dehuai, commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army on the front line of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, took a full hour to write a top-secret telegram of only a few hundred words and send it back to the country. After hearing this, Chairman Mao, who was nearly 60 years old at the time, endured his grief and told the Prime Minister:
"An Ying is an ordinary soldier. Don't just think it's my son."
So, as the eldest son of the chairman, what kind of life does Mao Anying have and how did he sacrifice on the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea?
Childhood was in chaos, Mao Anying's "Sanmao Wandering"
Mao Anying was born on October 24, 1922 in Qingshuitang , Changsha, Hunan. Her mother was Chairman Mao’s first wife, Yang Kaihui, who was accompanying Chairman Mao to lead a general strike of carpenters in Changsha.
When Mao Anying was born, the general strike was successful. Chairman Mao hugged his first child in his life and said happily to Yang Kaihui: "What a double happiness!"
However, happy times are always short. After successfully leading the strike movement in Changsha, Chairman Mao traveled to Shanghai, Xiangtan and other places. Mao Anying's childhood also lacked part of his father, and he only remembered that his father was a "high person".
927, with the Kuomintang reactionaries launching a counter-revolutionary coup, although Yang Kaihui lost contact with the organization, she continued to engage in underground activities in the Bancang area. Even with her three children, she still organized underground armed struggles in Changsha, Pingjiang and other places.
Unfortunately, on October 24, 1930, Yang Kaihui was accidentally discovered by local warlords on her way back to her hometown in Bancang. The warlords made a quick decision and sent heavy troops to arrest them, so that Yang Kaihui himself, along with Mao Anying and the nanny, were all imprisoned.
In the enemy's prison, Mao Anying saw the scars left by the enemy's torture of his mother. He stroked his mother with tears and said, "Mom, when I grow up, I will arrest them and hit them 100 times!"
However, before Mao Anying grew up, Yang Kaihui, who was only 29 years old, was cruelly killed by the enemy.
After Yang Kaihui was executed, Mao Anying was released from prison by members of the party organization, and then entered the Datong Kindergarten run by comrades in the organization. It was also in kindergarten that he and his two younger brothers finally spent a relatively peaceful time in their lives together.
However, when time came to 1931, due to the betrayal of the traitor, the underground party organization in Shanghai was severely damaged, and the person in charge of Datong Kindergarten was also unfortunately in trouble in this catastrophe. Mao Anying carried his young third brother Mao Anyong and pulled his second brother Mao Anying, and fell to the streets of Shanghai.
From left: Mao Anyong, Mao Anying, Mao Anying, Mao Anying
In the classic work "The Story of Sanmao", Sanmao, as an orphan who lives on the streets of Shanghai, has experienced a series of bitter experiences. In fact, Mao Anying's experience after he was wandering on the streets was no less relaxed than Sanmao in this classic work.After the liberation of
, Mao Anying once described his past period to Peng Dehuai and Li Chongde and He said:
" Except for not stealing people, I did not serve as a son for rich people, everything else is like Sanmao in "Sanmao Wandering", sleeping on the road, mopping the floor for people, and looking for rags from the trash can. I did it.
There is an Waibaidu Bridge in Shanghai. It was very difficult to pull the rickshaw up. My younger brother Anqing and I helped push it from behind. They pushed it up. They gave me some small money..."
Just like that. In order to take care of my younger brother and maintain a life, Mao Anying did whatever he found on the streets of Shanghai, but even so, His third brother Mao Anyong was still suddenly missing one day.
That day, my third brother Mao Anlong suddenly fell ill, had fever and diarrhea, as if he had dysentery . In order to save his younger brother, Mao Anying had to take Mao Anying out to beg with him, hoping that there would be kind-hearted people to help them. As a result, when they came back, their younger brother Mao Anying disappeared like this.
The younger brother is gone, Mao Anying is very anxious and insists on searching all corners around with Mao Anying. However, such searches were in vain. After that, there was no news about Mao Anyong, and , which became a shadow that Mao Anying would never get out of in his life.
In mid-September, the founder of Datong Kindergarten, Communist Dong Jianwu, and his wife Zheng Lanfang, finally moved to a contact point within the party at that time.
Shortly after that, Dong Jianwu heard that the two brothers Mao Anying and Mao Anying were wandering on the streets. After searching around, he was lucky enough to find the two ragged children and take the two brothers home to raise them.
So far, although the two brothers still moved frequently in the next five years of life, Mao Anying finally ended his bitter and difficult life in Shanghai and survived the white horrors of those years.
dong Jianwu
The young man left his hometown, "Sheliaosha" attacked the Soviet Union
936, after joining the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Mao Anying and his brothers were organized to send them to the Soviet Union for protection and study.
At the same time, Chairman Mao, who had arrived in northern Shaanxi after 5,000 miles of Long March , finally received news from the children. In a state of joy, Chairman Mao immediately wanted to write a letter to inquire, and in this letter like "Hongyan Passing a Letter", undoubtedly poured into his infinite care for his son.
After receiving a letter from my father, Mao Anying felt his father's concern for him, of course Mao Anying was very happy. It was also because Chairman Mao warned him to study hard in his letter that after entering a school, he was always hardworking, brave and persevering, and gradually became the young leader of the same first-year grade in the school.
In 1941, Soviet Patriotic War broke out. At that time, 20-year-old Mao Anying saw that the Soviet Patriotic War was cruel and fierce, so he resolutely wrote letters to the Soviet official several times, demanding to participate in the Patriotic War . He said:
From left: Premier Zhou, Mao Anying, Deng Yingchao, Mao Anying (photo taken in the Soviet Union)
"I am an ordinary Chinese youth. I have studied under the Soviet Union under your leadership for five years. I love the Soviet Union as if I love China. I cannot watch the iron hooves of German fascism ravage your country! Therefore, I firmly demand to go to the battlefield. Please approve my request!"
A letter fell into the sea, and Mao Anying wrote the second letter, and after the second letter was sent out, he also became speechless. He wrote the third, fourth and fifth letters. In the end, perhaps it was the youth's enthusiasm that infected Stalin , Mao Anying was arranged to enter the officer fast class, and later entered the internationally famous Fu Longzhi to further his studies.
Fulongzhi Military Academy
In 1943, Mao Anying joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and was also awarded the rank of lieutenant after graduation. He served as the representative of a tank company of the Soviet Army, with the pseudonym Xie Liaosha.
During the Soviet army's counterattack, Selyosha wore military uniform and fought thousands of miles, participating in the liberation of Belarus , Polish , and fighting with Czech . Whenever the battle starts, he will appear wherever there is an enemy, as if he is completely unafraid of the enemy's fierce counterattack.
Wait until the European anti-fascist battlefield was completely victorious in 1945. Given the heroic performance of this Chinese young man on the battlefield, Stalin personally met with him and gave Mao Anying a pistol to praise him, which also became Mao Anying's pride throughout his life.
Stalin and Mao Anying returned home in their prime. The son of the great man insisted on going to the Korean battlefield
After the end of World War II, Mao Anying returned to Yan'an in 1946, and finally in this year, he met the father who could hardly recall his specific appearance.
Mao Anying was excited, and Chairman Mao was of course even more excited. In fact, in order to welcome his son, who had been away for 19 years, he went to the airport to greet him while sick. In the memories of some old comrades in the central government, Mao Zedong's mood and body seemed to get much better all of a sudden when he greeted his son.
Speaking of which, Mao Anying, who just returned to Yan'an, is actually very "fashionable". He knows Russian, English, German . He also likes to wear a woolen coat and dance the dance he learned from the Soviet Union with others. And such "flattering" behavior quickly attracted the attention of an American journalist.
Soon after, the American reporter found Mao Anying, hoping that he could talk about his personal views on the domestic and international situation after the victory of the War of Resistance. Mao Anying naturally answered happily and gave his own answer without any concealment.
The result, what Mao Anying unexpectedly was that when he handed the sorted interview manuscript to his father for review , After Chairman Mao took the manuscript, actually kneaded it into a ball and threw it into the trash can.
Then, the Chairman criticized in a stern tone: "You are young and just came back from abroad. You understand what the situation is now. How can you talk to foreign journalists casually?"
Soon, Mao Anying clearly realized his mistake. Chairman Mao slowed down his tone when he saw this and said to him:
" You are studying in the Soviet Union and live in a foreign school. You have not learned some things you need to learn in China... There is also a 'university' in China called 'Labor University'. I think you need to work for a while and feel it."
Just like that, on the seventh day of the third lunar month in 1946, Mao Anying, who had just returned from the Soviet Union, came to the Wujia Zaoyuan in Yan'an wearing patched cotton coats and a pair of old leather shoes.
It is worth mentioning that before coming here, Chairman Mao also made three rules with him. As the saying goes:
"Put down the airs; don't make circles; don't make special."
these three points run through Mao Anying's next life.
In this "labor university", Mao Anying's hands went from grinding blood blisters to growing calluses, and finally became a qualified worker. Afterwards, as the Kuomintang launched a key attack on the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, Mao Anying left Yan'an and was arranged to the liberated area to engage in land reform.
It has to be said that it was in this training that Mao Anying's view of his father gradually went from understanding to admiration, and he also truly understood why Chairman Mao was able to lead the Chinese people to build a new China. The more you understand
, the more you admire it. Therefore, he began to try to take on this new China with his father.
After the outbreak of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, at the call of Chairman Mao, the vast number of young people from all over the country joined the army bravely. Mao Anying quickly submitted an application to the organization to join the volunteer army and go to North Korea to participate in the war. After seeing this, Chairman Mao not only agreed decisively, but also encouraged him to go to the most dangerous place.
Just like that, on October 19, Peng Dehuai led the Chinese People's Volunteer Army across Yalu River , and Mao Anying was also able to follow General Peng to the front line as a confidential secretary in the war room.
Before going abroad, Mao Anying, passionately visited his wife Liu Siqi, who had been married for less than a year. He did not say that he wanted to go to the battlefield, but just asked Liu Siqi to visit Chairman Mao more in the future.
Liu Siqi (left) and Mao Anying (right)
At this time, no one knew that 's separation will become the last of them.
Life is frozen, Chairman Mao: If you don’t send my son, who will you send?
1950 On the morning of November 25, 1950, the US Air Force, which occupied air supremacy , flew to the headquarters of the Volunteer Army. Then, braved the dense anti-aircraft artillery fire, the pilot dropped more than a dozen napalm bombs into a place that seemed to be a command post after roughly observing the ground target.
Then, in the raging fire caused by the explosion of fire, in order to rescue confidential files, Mao Anying's life was forever frozen in the year of 28.
On the day Mao Anying died, Peng Dehuai sent a telegram to inform Premier Zhou of the news.
However, since Chairman Mao was not only going to command the second battle, but also had a serious cold, considering his emotions and physical health, the Prime Minister temporarily suppressed the telegram after discussing with comrades such as Liu Shaoqi.
So, it was not until January 2, 1951, when Chairman Mao was so cured by the cold and the Second Battle had ended for about a week before the telegram of Mao Anying's death was passed on by Premier Zhou.
The message read:
We have entered the air raid shelter at 7 o'clock today, Mao Anying and three staff members were in the house. At 11 o'clock, four enemy planes passed by and four of them had already come out. After the enemy planes passed, the four of them returned to the house. Suddenly, four enemy planes came, dropped nearly 100 incendiary bombs and hit the house. At that time, two staff members ran out. Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin were burned to death before they could run out, and no other losses were found.
received the news, and Chairman Mao felt like he was hit by a bolt from the blue.
According to the recollection of the guard Li Jiaji present, Chairman Mao was obviously panicked after hearing the news and wanted to light a cigarette. He clearly put the match in front of him, but he kept searching in his pocket. When he raised his head, although tears did not flow out of his eyes, they had accumulated in his eyes
Li Jiaji said that it was a situation between crying and not being able to cry: Tears were everywhere, but it did not make you notice that he was crying.
Chairman Guardian, Li Jiaji
Chairman Mao said nothing, and everyone around him lowered his head at the same time. At this moment, in front of this old man who lost his son, no one could express his comforting words except Premier Zhou’s letter of consolation.
After a long time, people finally heard a sentence from Chairman Mao:
"Who made him the son of Mao Zedong..."
Hearing this, everyone around couldn't help but shed tears.
In order to avoid Chairman Mao’s excessive grief, in the following days, Chairman Mao’s relatives and friends went to visit him without making an appointment to discuss the situation of the Korean War, let alone Mao Anying.
However, in March 1951, when Chairman Mao was talking to his old friend Zhou Shizhao, took the initiative to mention his sacrificed son. Chairman said:
Zhou Shizhao
"As the chairman of the Party Central Committee, as a leader, I have a son, and I don't send him to resist the U.S. and aid Korea, defend the country, and who will I send?
people's hearts are flesh, no matter who it is, the heart of loving my son is the same. If I don't send my son, what kind of leader will I be?"
ending, he will always be my pride
976 On September 9, 1976, with regret, Mao Zedong, a great man of a generation passed away, and the whole country was sad for a while.
However, it is unexpected. In 1990, when the staff were sorting out Chairman Mao’s relics, they accidentally discovered the relics of Mao Anying that were "hidden" by Chairman Mao at the bottom of his box.
No one knows that in the decades after Mao Anying's death, Chairman Mao had always guarded these relics alone without saying a word, and no one knew what kind of condolences he had placed on his son.
Mao Anying often asked himself in his diary during his lifetime:
"Am I qualified to be Mao Zedong's son?"
Later, Chairman Mao gave his answer:
"Qualified, he will always be my pride..."
