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Speaking of the most divided and chaotic era in Chinese history, it is the Southern and Northern Dynasties after the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
. When talking about the Northern and Southern Dynasties, over a total of 160 years, not only were the north and the south divided, there were many countries, and the dynasties changed frequently, but the emperors of various countries also quickly changed like , .
But there is an emperor who has attracted much attention. Through his civil and military skills, he has left a brilliant mark in history.
Statue of Emperor Xiaowen
He is the star emperor of Northern Wei , Emperor Xiaowen of Wei .
was originally named Tuoba Hong . After changing the surname of Chinese, it was also called Yuan Hong .
On April 25, 499 AD, in Gutangyuan, who was on his way to the north and the north, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who was already dying, called his sixth brother, Wang Yuanjie, to his side and issued an oral order.
" My decree is not long, and according to my oral order, I will immediately kill the Queen Feng! "
Queen Feng's film and television image
The next day, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei died of illness at the age of 33.
When Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was dying, he didn't even have time to explain the case of the prince's succession. The only will was to kill Empress Feng. What exactly was the reason that made him pay so much attention to this matter.
With Emperor Xiaowen of Wei’s decisive character, he could handle it by himself while he was alive. Why did he make a decision when he was dying? What is the real reason?
There are many different opinions on this matter, official and unofficial history.
It has only been today that the fog of history has been cleared away, and finally has uncovered the truth that has been buried for more than a thousand years .
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei and the harem of Emperor Xiaowen
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei Tuoba Hong is the eldest son of Emperor Xianwen of Wei, and his biological mother is Li.
His father, Emperor Xianwen, was long-termly controlled by Empress Dowager Feng , but was just the nominal emperor. Perhaps he wanted to follow the example of the Empress Dowager and , as the emperor of the Supreme Emperor, exercised imperial power by controlling his son .
Xianwen Emperor's film and television image
So, when Tuoba Hong was 3 years old, he was made the prince. When he was 25 years old, he abdicated the throne to his young son.
The biological mother Li was only given the title of "Madam". She was considered a low-ranking concubine in the Northern Wei harem.
After Tuoba Hong was made the crown prince, he could have "a mother is noble by her son", but unexpectedly, when the crown prince was established, it was Mrs. Li's death.
In the Northern Wei court, there was a rule that could not be broken, that is: The mother of the prince must die !
The purpose of this is mainly to avoid the autocracy of the prince's mother and the descendant relatives.
html Tuoba Hong, who succeeded to the throne at the age of 25, is known in history as Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, and his reign was Taihe .htmlTuoba Hong, who succeeded to the throne at the age of 25, also did not get rid of his father's fate. When he first succeeded to the throne, the actual power of was still controlled by his grandmother, Empress Dowager Feng. However, after abdicating, Emperor Xianwen of Wei often interfered in court affairs as his emperor's father, and began an open and secret battle with Empress Dowager Feng for imperial power.
, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who was stuck in the middle, could only let him be at mercy and had no right to speak or decide. He became a veritable puppet emperor of .
As Emperor Xianwen's intervention in power became more and more obvious, Empress Dowager Feng finally couldn't bear it anymore and used a trick to poison Emperor Xianwen to death.
Since then, Empress Dowager Feng monopolized the power, while Emperor Xiaowen of Wei became her voice-over .
Statue of Queen Mother Feng
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was in this environment, enduring and growing up.
It was not until 490 AD, that is, the 14th year after he ascended the throne, that Empress Dowager Feng died of illness, and the imperial power of the Northern Wei Dynasty truly returned to Emperor Xiaowen of Wei.
This year, he was twenty-three years old . It was from this year that in just ten years that Emperor Xiaowen of Wei launched a number of major reforms that could make him famous in history. Among them, is the most famous of which is to promote the complete sinicization of the entire Northern Wei Dynasty Xianbei people and promote the great integration of ethnic groups.
In addition to various internal reforms, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was also an emperor known for his martial arts. After taking over the imperial power alone, he led his army to fight south and north, expand territory many times, allowing the Northern Wei Dynasty to continuously extend its territory to all sides.
In addition to outstanding performance in politics, culture and military, the harem love history of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei is also very legendary.
Emperor Xiaowen
As the emperor, before he formally married and chose a concubine, he developed feelings for a low-ranking Lin palace maid and soon gave birth to a son, named " Yuan Heng ".
Empress Dowager Feng tried his best to stop and oppose his relationship with the Lin palace maid. It was not until the prince was born that he had to choose to default.
Empress Dowager Feng knew that Emperor Xiaowen of Wei had a deep relationship with the palace maid of Lin, but she would never allow Lin to be promoted to the position of empress by Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, so she quickly issued an edict to choose a concubine for Emperor Xiaowen of Wei to establish the empress.
and successively included the two daughters of Feng Xi , who served as the dynasty Grand Master in his family, and the sisters of Feng Run and Feng Qing , in the palace.
Feng's female film and television image
On the spot designated sister Feng Qing as Empress Wei Xiaowen, and his sister Feng Run was named as the imperial concubine .
In this way, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei completely cut off the path to establish Lin as his descendant.
Then, Empress Dowager Feng used the rules of the Northern Wei harem to make Emperor Xiaowen of Wei a crown prince. In this way, as the prince's mother, Lin, as the prince's mother, would be sentenced to death.
thus eliminates future troubles and completely cut off the relationship between Emperor Xiaowen of Wei and Lin.
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was in a dilemma regarding the Queen Mother's decision.
For Lin, as a mother, she was willing to sacrifice her life for her son's future, so she repeatedly begged Emperor Xiaowen of Wei not to refuse Empress Dowager Feng's arrangements.
Emperor Xiaowen
However, as Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who had a deep affection for the Lin family, making Yuan Xun the crown prince meant that he would completely lose the Lin family.
In the end, under the pressure of Empress Dowager Feng and the begging of Lin, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei chose to compromise.
The most persistent relationship in his life, so draws a tragic ending with "son standing and mother dies".
In this state of mind, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei could not have feelings for the Empress Feng Qing at all. At this time, the understanding Feng Run took advantage of the situation and walked into Emperor Xiaowen of Wei step by step.
The queen in Queen Mother Feng's mind can only be Feng Qing. When she discovered that Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was full of thought, and Feng Run was planning to take office, she sent Feng Run out of the palace under the name of 's arrangement to go out of the palace to recuperate.
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who lived under the control and shadow of Empress Dowager Feng, once again chose to endure.
Emperor Xiaowen
Until Empress Dowager Feng passed away and Emperor Xiaowen of Wei could finally act according to his will, he immediately took Feng Run back to the palace, deposed Feng Qing's position as queen, and appointed Feng Run as queen .
In this way, in the harem of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the twists and turns of the two sisters and queens of appeared, which was quite dramatic.
Emperor Xiaowen and Feng Run, who met again after a long separation, were even more loving. Feng Run not only ascended the position of queen as he wished, but also became the favorite of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei in the harem.
Historical rumors about the palace chaos of the empress Feng Miaolian
Regarding the second empress Feng Run, the descendants of Wei Xiaowen, also known as Feng Miaolian by , there is a well-known rumor about the palace chaos .
While Feng Run left the palace to recuperate, he met a doctor named Gao Bodhisattva.
Gao Bodhisattva is tall and handsome. With intentional seduction, Feng Miaolian, who was left out of the palace, could not stand the loneliness after all, and threw herself into Gao Bodhisattva's arms and lived a sweet life of affection.
Gao Bodhisattva and Feng Miaolian's film and television image
But the good times didn't last long. Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who had been obsessed with her, soon ordered people to take Feng Miaolian back to the palace after taking over the imperial power.
Although Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was favored by all the people and made her the queen, Feng Miaolian still remembered Gao Bodhisattva and was always looking for opportunities to gather with lovers outside the palace.
After Feng Miaolian took up the position of queen for a period of time, she quickly took full control of the harem through powerful means.
At this time, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was attacked from all sides of the Northern Wei Dynasty and his ambition to expand territory, he fought everywhere for many years and rarely returned to the palace.
Feng Miaolian feels that the time has come.
film and television image of Emperor Xiaowen and Feng Miaolian
Although she was not convenient for her to leave the palace and have a tryst with Bodhisattva Gao, she could use her power to bring lovers outside into the palace.
So, under Feng Miaolian's operation, Gao Bodhisattva was summoned to the palace as an eunuch and , and was assigned to the queen as a eunuch.
Because Feng Miaolian's identity as the queen, there is no empress dowager in charge, she is the lord of the harem, and Emperor Xiaowen of Wei has been away from the palace for many years. Her secret with Bodhisattva Gao should be able to be airtight.
But Feng Miaolian, who is arrogant because of her favor, did something extraordinary on a whim.
Because her brother-in-law fell in love with Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, Princess Pengcheng, the sixth sister of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, actually designed to poison the princess Liu Chengxu , and then threatened Princess Pengcheng to marry her younger brother.
This time, annoyed Princess Pengcheng, who is most loved by Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, .
Pengcheng Princess Film and Television Image
Traveled a few followers overnight and rushed to the front line of the war, crying and making a fuss to sue Feng Miaolian.
" The emperor brother, you are fighting outside every day, but the queen is secretly hiding a male favor in the palace, damaging the harem. "
After Princess Pengcheng told her story, she directly hugged Feng Miaolian's secret.
When Emperor Xiaowen of Wei heard this, he was furious.
He didn't expect that he loved Feng Miaolian so much. He almost wanted to win the wind and rain, but he actually betrayed him and did such shameful things.
After Emperor Xiaowen of Wei comforted Princess Pengcheng, he immediately sent someone back to the palace to investigate secretly, and indeed confirmed the sixth sister's statement.
But Emperor Xiaowen of Wei did not reveal this matter. According to his usual style, he chose to endure.
In addition to executing Gao Bodhisattva, did not punish Feng Miaolian, and still retained her position as queen .
It was only when he was dying that he suddenly remembered that a traitorous woman who had betrayed her could not continue to be in power in the harem.
Then he personally sent an oral order to his sixth brother yuan , ordering him to kill Feng Miaolian after his death.
Feng Miaolian was sentenced to death
Of course, the incident of Feng Miaolian's filthy harem is just a rumor, and we don't know the true history.
But according to the personality of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, if it were true, he would not have been so tolerant. Feng Miaolian had long died without a place to bury her.
Emperor Xiaowen of Wei killed or not, and when to kill Empress Feng Run, there are actually more and deeper reasons behind .
Why did the Queen Feng Run give death to the death before her death mentioned earlier that in the Northern Wei court, there was a convention, or rule, that is, "the son is worthy of his mother's death."
This means that when the prince is made the crown prince, his biological mother will be sentenced to death.
However, the last crown prince appointed by Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was Yuan Ke , which was not born by the queen Feng Run.
and Feng Run himself has no descendants. In this case, as the queen, Feng Run had no need to be sentenced to death at all, and it did not comply with the convention of the Northern Wei court .
So, why did Emperor Xiaowen of Wei kill the queen before his death?
According to the safest layout of the royal family, after the new emperor ascended the throne, a queen relied on the forces behind him to assist the new emperor, and could use the power of the queen's relatives to form a check and balance against the powerful ministers in the court.
This is the most ideal game arrangement between the harem and the court.
So, why did Emperor Xiaowen of Wei give up this choice? He was willing to risk that his prince Yuanke had no relatives to rely on after he ascended the throne.
is just because of the rumored cheating of Queen Feng?
obviously isn't.
The birth mother of Prince Yuanke was born in an average way, and Emperor Xiaowen of Wei knew the most.After Yuan Ke ascended the throne, there was no powerful foreign relatives behind him to rely on.
Yuanke Film and Television Image
If Queen Feng Run is retained and she is willing to borrow the power of her family to assist Yuanke, that would be the best thing.
But Emperor Xiaowen of Wei knew the Feng family too well and knew the personality of Queen Feng Run very well.
, especially her reckless behavior towards her sixth sister, Princess Pengcheng, made him completely give up hope for the queen.
And his grandmother, Empress Dowager Feng, controlled the imperial power for seventeen years when he ascended the throne. This is a lesson from the past. He can no longer let Yuan Ke repeat the same mistakes .
The reason why Queen Feng Run was sentenced to death was because she was worried that she would become the second Queen Mother Feng.
If it is said, for Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, it is reasonable to have Empress Dowager Feng control the government, in a sense, it is Empress Dowager Feng's control over the imperial power that preserved his throne.
But Yuan Ke is different because the prince was seventeen years old at this time. At that time, he was already an adult and had enough ability to preside over the government on his own. There was no need for another Empress Dowager Feng behind him.
The key is that Empress Dowager Feng was born in the powerful Feng family again.
Once, the Feng family united inside and outside, and Yuan Ke ended, either became a puppet emperor or was deposed by the Feng family.
After repeated weighing the pros and cons, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei at the time of his death would not have left her behind even without the cheating of the queen Feng Run.
Some people may say, since that is the case, why didn’t Emperor Xiaowen of Wei deposed or sentenced the queen to death earlier?
When Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was critically ill, he was just 33 years old.
Statue of Emperor Xiaowen
In that era, although he was not young at this age, he was still the time when he was young and strong.
He didn't expect that he would die so early.
When he is in a normal state and can effectively exercise imperial power, there is no need for him to kill Empress Feng. As long as he is here, Empress Feng or the Feng family will not pose any threat to him. It is unreasonable to kill a queen at will, from emotion, reason or law.
Moreover, killing the queen naturally offended the Feng family's forces. The extremely smart Emperor Xiaowen of Wei must not do such a thing as .
But if he dies, the situation changes. He had to consider the imperial power and the security of the throne of Prince Yuanke.
At this time, even if he risked offending the Feng family, he could not bear the unknown risks that he could not control.
So, while arranging the sixth brother Yuan Xie to kill Empress Feng, he also made other arrangements.
First, weakens the Feng family's power and controls .
Second, ordered the sixth brother to assist Prince Yuanke .
In this way, the risk of foreign relatives interfering in politics is resolved to zero.
and use the power of his sixth brother Yuan Xie to help Yuan Ke to check and balance the powerful ministers in the court.
After Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, the situation did develop in the direction he imagined.
Prince Yuan Ke successfully ascended the throne, namely Emperor Xuanwu of Wei , and he has been the emperor for 16 years.
Emperor Xuanwu
Conclusion
In the feudal dynasty, inside the seemingly wealthy and prosperous palace, singing and dancing to peace, is full of power and struggles.
, especially the battle for imperial power that everyone covets, is even more tragic.
For power, brothers can turn against each other and kill each other.
As Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, who was highly praised and praised in history, was also full of conspiracy and bloody under the prosperous era of heroic reputation and "the rule of Xiaowen".
His biological mother was deprived of the power to survive by just because her son was made the crown prince.
And his first son, the prince Yuan Xun, died in the hands of his father just because of an intention to rebel.
Queen Feng Run once loved her, but in the end she was still considerate of her husband's political and imperial power, and failed to escape the ending of being sentenced to death.
Borrowing a sentence from Mr. Lu Xun’s article, I opened up the history of the feudal dynasty, and the words "cannibalism" are written in it.
