Nurhaci 13 armored armies raised an army, overthrew the Ming Dynasty, and established the Qing Dynasty for 300 years; when the Japanese invaded the Northeast, a rich family raised their troops to fight against Japan with 12 guards and guards, and vigorously attacked the Japanese invaders in the land of Kanto, and passed on the spirit of unwilling to be a slave to the country to be destroyed.
In order to seize the weapons and ammunition assembly team, on March 19, 1932, Zhang Haichuan led a team to attack the police team in Kuandian City. However, there were not only puppet police teams in the city, but also two well-equipped puppet army companies and a mobile artillery team. How could he sit still? Moreover, Zhang Haichuan's siege team was not long ago and lacked weapons and ammunition. How could they fight with only the big knife in his hand? Can you win?
Zhang Haichuan was originally a child of a wealthy family. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he raised an army to fight against Japan with 12 artillery brave men guarding the house. How did he embark on the road of anti-Japanese war and gallop between the white mountains and black waters?
Today I will share with friends the family and country feelings of Zhang Haichuan to destroy his family and relieve difficulties.
Zhang Haichuan, also known as Zhang Xingyuan, was born in 1893 in Wazigou Village, Maodianzi Township, Kuandian County, Liaoning Province. The Zhang family is a famous local household, with more than 100 acres of land and a "Yitaixing" business. There are dozens of gunners guarding the house and guarding the house.
Zhang Haichuan was honest since childhood, with a stubborn temperament, and had no bad habits of children from wealthy families. He usually made friends with the countryside and was quite prestigious in the villages. If it were in a peaceful and prosperous era, Zhang Haichuan's life would not be associated with the word "bandit".
rose up, and 12 artillery bravely raised their troops
After the "September 18th" Incident, facing the tragic scene of life beings, the mountains and rivers were broken, and the national crisis was in the face of the tragic scene, Zhang Haichuan was deeply resentful and regarded the destruction of the country as a great humiliation. Whenever he thought of the great mountains and rivers falling into the hands of the Japanese invaders, he would sit in a seat and be unwilling to eat, and sometimes he could not help but slap the table.
Once, he talked with his old friend Hou Chun about the national crisis and said with emotion:
"We are a great country of China, and we are bullied to such an extent by the weak Japan. The country is in danger and the people are in trouble. Change of family members is right in front of us. Are we, the descendants of Yan and Huang, willing to be slaves of the country? In terms of our family business, although we are not a rich man, There are also hundreds of acres of thin fields, and they can live a peaceful and prosperous life. However, which Chinese with a conscience can sit idly by and watch the country be destroyed? If I don’t drive out the jackals, I can’t sleep at night. If I let the thief ravage, I can only wait for death!”
So, he ran all day long in the mountains of the countryside, mobilized the masses everywhere, promoted the ideal of resisting Japan and saving the country, accused the Japanese army of invading China, mobilized and called on the people around to organize themselves and guard their homeland together. Whenever the talk is intense, I stamp my feet and beat my chest, and I burst into tears.
1 At the end of October 2019, Zhang Haichuan resolutely abandoned his family business, sold his land and merchants, and purchased weapons and ammunition. Based on his 12 artillery brave men, he also invited his old friend Bao Xingya as a consultant and formed a team dedicated to fighting Japanese invaders in Kundian County.
At the team's establishment rally, Zhang Haichuan gave a speech on stage:
"The country is in danger, the people are hanging upside down, changing surnames is right in front of you. I endure the country's difficulties are deep, 30 million compatriots are tragically ravaged, Haichuan cannot sleep at night and cannot live in pain."
Over the past few days, responders gathered in the mountains in the village, and this anti-Japanese team quickly grew to more than 100 people.
1 On October 25, 1931, driven by the general public's active demand for anti-Japanese and national salvation, Zhang Zipeng, the county magistrate of Kuandian County, presided over a meeting with 16 people including the president of the county farmer association, Tang Baolin , the president of the business association Zou Shaonan, the director of the public security bureau, Shi Yuanxiu, the captain of the public security brigade, Tian Xichen, the president of Yaxin Hospital, as well as well-known figures from all walks of life, including Gao Weiyi and Wang Guanwu, and 16 people from all walks of life, to discuss the organization of anti-Japanese armed forces and the issuance of the anti-Japanese declaration.
However, most of these people are considering their personal wealth and life. As the situation continues to change, they eventually dare not raise an army to fight against Japan.
Zhang Haichuan waited for more than a month, but did not see any anti-Japanese actions by these "big figures" on paper talking about war, so he came to the county town to inquire about the news.These "uppers" are speechless to Zhang Haichuan's anti-Japanese requirements. Finally, Tang Baolin, the president of the county farmer association, was moved by Zhang Haichuan's spirit of resisting Japan and wrote him a official letter, suggesting that he go to Beiping to contact Northeast People's Anti-Japanese and National Rescue Association.
Zhang Haichuan carries Tang Baolin's recommendation book in his arms, marching against the wind and snow, and finally arrives in Peiping after a long journey.
Beiping Northeast People's Anti-Japanese and National Rescue Association not only affirmed his patriotic behavior, but also appointed him as the commander of the 19th Route Army of the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Volunteers.
During his time in Peking, Zhang Haichuan expanded his horizons and personally felt the enthusiasm of the people across the country for anti-Japanese war. He saw countless anti-Japanese figures inside and outside the Great Wall , and heard endless anti-Japanese calls: General Huang Xiansheng commanded a police force to attack the Japanese army in Jinzhou, and " Laobeifeng " eliminated the traitors in Taiwan. Ling Yinqing and the puppet army...
All of this made Zhang Haichuan more determined to resist Japan and save the country.
stabilize the hearts of the people and purify military discipline
1 In February 2019, Zhang Haichuan made several announcements in order to calm the hearts of the people, inspire the fighting spirit of the soldiers, and mobilize all sectors of society to actively participate in and support the anti-Japanese war.
The "Notice of the Commander of the Volunteer Army (No. 4)" states: "After the current situation changes, the seas are boiling, the scenery is not different, the eyes are raised, the flags change colors, the mountains and rivers are still the same, and those who come and go are not in a row, and 30 million people will change their status, and the land will inevitably be governed by the Liaodong Peninsula."
Then, the purpose of the army is: "This commander is stationed in the same place, and he feels sorry for the destruction of the Northeast, and has compassion for the devastation of the people, and his loyalty has not yet disappeared. He loves to clean up the righteous army and win the tide of the fallen tide and become the backbone. The northeast is vast and rich, and the folk customs are always called strong. Can you bow your head and put your head and give it to others? If you cannot, then your brother should recruit your brother, your father encourages your son, the rich will lose money, and the poor will join the army and work together. The Communist Party of China will avenge the national humiliation, rather than die in war than be a slave to the destruction of the country. Our commander is determined to save the country and safeguard the people and save the territory of the Northeast. He likes to raise the banner of righteousness to attack Zhang and call on patriotic comrades to gather the people to have guns to destroy Japan. Therefore, compatriots and gentry merchants rushed to submit assistance in order to fight, and their compatriots were patriotic and sincere. "
The notice finally stated: "The commander's flag points to the gun but nothing else is violated. If there are soldiers who do not abide by discipline, or if there are local tyrants who borrow the robbery from the robbery, once they are discovered, they will definitely engage in accordance with the military law, and they will never be lenient."
Later, a squad leader under Zhang Haichuan ignored the discipline and raped a woman, but was shot to the law by him, so the morale of the army was greatly energetic and the people were greatly boosted.
Zhang Haichuan led this anti-Japanese volunteer army, which was spontaneously organized by the people, to launch a series of struggles with the Japanese and puppet troops.
incorporated the forest team and expanded the team. In March 11932, in order to expand the strength of anti-Japanese and national salvation, Zhang Haichuan joined forces with Sun Guanghou's forest team who was active in Qingyishan and Maodianzi areas, and also incorporated the big sword club of Cai Wenyao (nicknamed Cai Laoyaozi) who was active in the western part of Kuandian, as well as the Li Fengge troops who were active in the Nantuchengzi area, so that the team quickly expanded to six or seven hundred people.
The team has expanded and the personnel has increased. Solving guns, ammunition, weapons and equipment has become a major problem in enhancing combat effectiveness.
disintegrates the enemy and attacks Kuandian
After careful thinking, Zhang Haichuan decided to attack Kuandian City and seize the pseudo-police guns to arm himself.
There are two provincial defense forces and artillery teams under Zhishan troops stationed in the county town. If they rise up to resist, the strength of the enemy and us will be very different, and it will be difficult to succeed in attacking the county town.
So, Zhang Haichuan sent someone to send them a letter, which explained the righteousness of fighting against Japan and saving the country, and asked them to remain neutral and not kill each other.
1932, Zhang Haichuan personally led an anti-Japanese team to attack Kuandian City. They broke into the wall from the southwest corner of the city. The members of the Big Sword Team held the Big Swords and shouted loudly, pouring in from south to north from the main street.
The provincial defense army artillery team stationed in the east gate of the city heard the shouts of killing and was worried that the weapon would be taken away by the volunteers, so they pulled two mortars to Niangnianggou in the north of the city to hide.
The provincial defense forces of the two companies thought of Zhang Haichuan's letter in panic, so they retreated with their weapons and shouted:
"We are the provincial defense forces. We have a letter agreement with Commander Zhang, and no one will beat anyone! Let's go out of the city to pour for the rebels!"
In this way, the provincial defense forces of the two companies withdrew from the south gate and turned to the east gate. Unexpectedly, a deputy Hu Lian of the Provincial Defense Army led a part of the old army back from the east gate and launched an attack on the Volunteers along the main street to the south. The artillery team that fled to Niangnianggou also drove back to the city, supported the artillery mount on the northeast wall, and fired several guns into the city.
At this time, a group of the Volunteer Army tried to surround the soldiers stationed in the City God Temple police station, but was subjected to stubborn resistance and a street fight broke out in the street.
Zhang Haichuan saw that the situation was critical, and immediately led the Volunteer Army and some members of the Big Sword Team to rush into the police station in the rain of bullets to fight back against the stubborn enemy.
In this battle, the Volunteers seized 31 long and short guns and 2,300 bullets, killing one puppet army and injuring 9. The Volunteer Army also suffered two casualties. Finally, the volunteers withdrew from the county town and retreated to Huangzhishan.
After this battle, Zhang Haichuan noticed some problems in the army. For example: Sun Guanghou’s troops were mostly chaotic and vulnerable: Cai Wenyao’s troops had a loose military discipline, and they missed the opportunity for war because they were busy looting.
Zhang Haichuan deeply realized that if this continues, it will not only damage the reputation of the Volunteers, but also have hope of letting the people down. To this end, he issued a "three no-accuracy" rule to the army:
is not allowed to fight the masses and rob the masses' property;
is not allowed to tease women:
is not allowed to eat delicious food and drink spicy food.
On the other hand, he and Sun Guanghou’s troops and Cai Wenyao both parted ways and led the team to fight independently.
combined into one, and appointed commander
1932, Zhang Yushen, director of the General Staff Department of the Five Tang Ju Ministry, sent staff to contact all parties to fight against Japan together. Manlianjie went to An (dong), Feng (cheng) and Kuan (dian) areas from Huan Ren, found Zhang Haichuan in Tuchengzi in Yangmuchuan, and found Wu Dianchen, the leader of the anti-Japanese armed forces in Fengcheng. He promoted them the benefits of unified forces and joint anti-Japanese war, and received their strong support.
Manlianjie immediately reported to Tonghua headquarters and received praise from Commander-in-Chief Tang Juwu. Afterwards, Zhang Haichuan was appointed commander of the 9th Detachment of the Liaoning People's Self-Defense Army, and Wu Dianchen was appointed as the captain of the Rangers.
After Man Lianjie's efforts, in early July, Zhang and Wu's troops merged into an anti-Japanese team, with Zhang Haichuan as commander and Wu Dianchen as deputy commander. This team has more than 500 people, and its main activities are along the railways in An, Feng and Kuan.
lure the tiger out of the mountain and pick up the radio station
html In mid-July, the headquarters of the Liaoning People's Self-Defense Forces received a military radio station transferred by the Northeastern People's Anti-Japanese and National Rescue Association of Peking. Zhang Haichuan accepted the task and was responsible for picking up the radio station.
Radio station is transported from Yantai using wooden sailboat to Yalu River mouth , and then transported to Nantuchengzi with small sampan , hidden on Xinglong Mountain.
The Japanese army also obtained information to understand the relevant situation of this radio station, so they set up posts and set up checkpoints everywhere in an attempt to intercept the Taipei transportation.
How can we safely transport the radio station to Tonghua headquarters?
Zhang Haichuan, Manlianjie and Wu Dianchen conducted many studies, and finally decided that Wu Dianchen would lead some people to ambush the mountains around Nantuchengzi to secretly protect the radio station. Zhang Haichuan led some people to lure the enemy to the Dongtang and Shicheng areas in Fengcheng. When the enemy escaped from Xinglong Mountain, he would quickly transfer the radio station.
Japanese invaders were indeed trapped and dragged by Zhang Haichuan to death, in a mess.
html In early August, a man nicknamed "Wang Mazi" drove 14 donkeys to carry them, saying that he was going to Anton to buy Japanese groceries. In fact, this "Wang Mazi" was sent by the Self-Defense Forces headquarters.
When passing Xinglong Mountain, "Wang Mazi" installed the radio station at night and planned to transport it to the headquarters of the Self-Defense Forces overnight.
Zhang Haichuan was afraid of any mistakes on the road, so he selected some armed personnel to escort them and kept safely transporting the military radio station donated by patriotic overseas Chinese to the headquarters of the Self-Defense Army. On December 13, more than 500 Japanese and puppet troops, led by Cheng Zezhiliang, the police officer of Liaoyang, under the cover of the Air Force combat aircraft, cooperated with the Japanese "suppression team" in Andong and Fengcheng areas, and a total of more than 3,000 people advanced to our triangular resistance zone in several ways.
Commander-in-chief of the 2nd Corps of the Liaonan Anti-Japanese Volunteers Li Chunhua led Wang Quanyi, Gu Guanjun, Shang Haibo, An Fuxuan and others, and joined forces with Deng Tiemei and Liu Jingwen to intercept the Japanese invaders who came to attack at Ximucheng, Jiashanyao, Suzigou, Guanmenshan, Hadunling, Huanghuadianzi, Mopangou and other places. Liu Jingwen, commander of the 56th Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, invited Zhang Haichuan to lead his troops to participate in the war.
So, Zhang Haichuan led more than 300 big sword team members to Taizishan, Xiuyan County, and blocked the enemy with Wang Quan and his anti-Japanese army. After leading his troops into Tizishan, Zhang Haichuan held a military meeting to study combat plans with the leaders of each team and check the terrain.
At this moment, a local patriot, Li Bingnan, asked for a meeting and offered a suggestion to Zhang Haichuan: "If the Japanese invaders come, they must pass Guanmen Mountain. You set up an ambush on the top of the mountain, and if you are surprised, you will be able to win a complete victory."
Zhang Haitian was very happy when he heard this.
Guangmen Mountain is the only way from Liaoyang, Benxi , and Fengcheng to Xiuyan . It is located in the northeast of Xiuyan County . The terrain is dangerous and there is a momentum of one man as a pass and ten thousand men cannot open it.
Zhang Haichuan set up a net of heaven and earth in Guanmen Mountain, waiting for the enemy to come.
That night, a Japanese squadron indeed came to Guanmen Mountain and entered Zhang Haichuan's ambush circle.
When all the enemies drilled into their pockets, Zhang Haichuan gave the order, and the ambushers on the mountains on both sides faced high and suddenly opened fire.
Under the leadership of Zhang Haichuan, the members of the Big Sword Team bravely rushed towards the enemy group, and the sound of gunfire and shouts of killing shocked the valley. The enemy camp was in chaos, the Japanese invaders hid in Tibet, howling ghosts cried and wolves, and finally left dozens of corpses and fled in a panic. In this battle, more than half of the Japanese army were killed or injured, and the Volunteers won the victory.
htmlOn December 17, Zhang Haichuan led his troops north to Huanghuadianzi, and ambushed in Mopangou, Shagang, Zhoujiabao, Dagou and other places, and cooperated with Li Chunhua's troops to intercept the Japanese and puppet troops, puppet policemen and puppet county magistrate Yang Xianqing's troops who were invading from Liaoyang.
When the Japanese puppet army entered Huanghuadianzi, Zhang Haichuan's troops, who were prepared, took advantage of the enemy's foothold and launched a fierce attack. Seeing this, the pseudo-county magistrate Yang Xianqing hurriedly fired a few shots and fled in a hurry.
Seeing that the Japanese army could not resist the offensive of the Volunteer Army, they hurriedly fled to Ximu City.
In this battle, the Anti-Japanese Volunteers seized more than 20 large baggage vehicles.
On the evening of that day, the Japanese squadron leader Changgangkuan led a team from Caoziyu to find the pseudo-county magistrate Yang Xianqing. When the Japanese army entered the street, they were intercepted by volunteers who were ambushing in important places on the west side of the street. At 11 o'clock in the evening, all the Japanese troops entered the ambush circle, and the volunteers who had been waiting for fire at the enemy.
Zhang Haichuan took the lead and led the Big Sword Team to rush into the enemy's formation and launched a hand-to-hand battle with the Japanese aggressors. During the battle, the Japanese army burned down civilian houses and used the fire to shoot at the Volunteers. The Japanese army had strong firepower, and the volunteers in the street could not get close to the enemy, so they had to withdraw from the battle in time. However, three members of the Big Sword Team avoided the Fushou Store and did not have time to withdraw. After killing the two Japanese soldiers who entered the store to search, the three members committed suicide to their country.
This battle was extremely fierce and fought until 2 a.m. on the 18th. In this battle, the Japanese army's Grand Secretary, Garten Soldier and 6 Japanese local soldiers were killed, and more than 40 Japanese and puppet troops were killed and injured. But the Volunteers also paid a heavy price, with more than 40 casualties among the Big Sword Team.
Zhang Haichuan was shot and died in this battle, causing the Volunteer Army to lose a rare and outstanding general.
Anti-Japanese War 14, the spontaneously organized Northeast Volunteer Army was the first to ignite the anti-Japanese war in the Northeast, involving the Japanese Kwantung Army's forces, and delaying the Japanese invasion of China. Today I will share Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteers to commemorate and pay tribute to the revolutionary martyrs!
Reference material "1931 Iron-Blooded Volunteers", we will continue to share the passionate stories of the Northeast Volunteers in the later period. Friends are welcome to forward and share, pay attention and support, especially fellow villagers in the Northeast, and give you some attention and encouragement!
