Mao Anying is Chairman Mao’s eldest son and died on the Korean battlefield in 1950.
After Mao Anying died for many years, his widow Liu Siqi asked Chairman Mao with tears in his eyes: "Dad, An Ying had repeatedly 'questioned' himself in his diary: 'Is I qualified to be Mao Zedong's son?' Today I want to ask you for an answer: 'Is An Ying qualified to be your son?'"
Chairman was silent for a while and said: "Before he left China and went to North Korea, he also asked me this question in person."
"So, Dad, tell him, dad, "
" What I said was: 'Waiting for you to come back, Dad will give you a reply. But he left..."
Chairman Mao did not speak anymore, but just quietly recalled the past about An Ying...
1. Childhood of being together for a long time
On October 23, 1922, hundreds of bricklayers and workers in Changsha, Hunan carried out strike march under the leadership of Mao Zedong in order to obtain higher wages. At the same time, Mao Zedong's wife Yang Kaihui's delivery date is approaching and she has been sent to the hospital by her family for delivery.
pic | Mao Zedong
In the early morning of the 24th, Mao Zedong, who received the news, rushed to the hospital. His hair was wet with rain, his eyes were covered in blood, and his body was wrapped in a worn, fat double-breasted shirt, apparently just rushed over from the strike procession.
Although he looked tired, Mao Zedong was very excited when he saw his wife who was about to give birth: "You must have a good rest and hurry up and give birth to a fat boy for us. Don't worry about my activities there, we will definitely win." After
, Mao Zedong turned around and returned to his residence and wrote a manifesto for the strike movement. For the next three days and three nights, he was obsessed with work and had no idea that his son was born shortly after he left.
A few days later, the government agreed to raise wages and the workers' strike movement won. Mao Zedong returned to Yang Kaihui again, wearing the same double-breasted shirt. Looking at his wife's sleeping son, he was so excited that he couldn't speak.
Yang Kaihui smiled and said to her husband, "Don't be idle, think of a name for her son!"
Mao Zedong paced back and forth, thought for a few minutes, and said, "Just call him Mao Anying! The great angel, the heroic angel, Mao Anying. What do you think?"
"Good name!"
After Mao Anying was born, due to the special nature of his father's work, he could only follow his parents to Guangzhou, Shanghai and other places since he was a child. Although he could not meet his father frequently, his mother was always by his side, which gave him some comfort in his wandering childhood.
In April 1923, Mao Zedong was wanted by Hunan warlord Zhao Hengti, so he had to leave Hunan for refuge. He was separated from his wife and children for the first time. Before leaving, Mao Zedong was reluctant to leave. Yang Kaihui urged him to leave quickly for his safety.
Just as Mao Zedong was still hesitating, he suddenly saw An Ying, who was half a year old, blinking his eyes and looking at him. He turned his head and said to Yang Kaihui, "It's so late, my son is not asleep yet. It seems that he has the same idea as you."
After Mao Zedong left Hunan, he went to many places to participate in the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China and was elected as an executive member of the Central Committee at the meeting.
On September 16 of that year, Mao Zedong returned to Changsha. Nearly half a year later, the family finally reunited again. At this time, Mao Anying had already begun to stagger and learn to walk, and Mao Zedong was filled with emotion.
Two months later, Mao Zedong went south to Guangzhou again to participate in the revolution. When he parted, Mao Anying, who was one year old, perhaps felt the atmosphere of his father's about to leave, and he pulled his father's clothes and cried loudly.
Mao Zedong picked up his son lovingly, handed him to his wife, and left without hesitation with his suitcase.
A year later, Mao Zedong, who had settled down in Shanghai, wrote a letter to ask Yang Kaihui to bring his family to Shanghai to get together. When Yang Kaihui arrived in Shanghai with her old mother and child (the second son Mao Anying was born), Mao Zedong discovered that the two-year-old An Ying was running very fast.
In a blink of an eye, it was the Spring Festival of 1925. Mao Zedong brought his family back to Yang Kaihui's house on Bancang, Changsha. Here, Mao Anying spent the happiest New Year of his childhood.
Picture | Yang Kaihui, Mao Anying and Mao Anying
A few days later, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui discussed and took his son back to his hometown, Xiangtan and Shaoshan. Yang Kaihui agreed to her husband's proposal.
So, the family rode a cart and walked staggeringly through the mountains and rivers of Hunan countryside. Soon, the clouds covered with Shaoshan Chong appeared in Mao Anying's eyes.
Mao Zedong held Mao Anying's hand and stepped into the Mao family's old house. He found that the furnishings inside were almost the same as when he left home. The black rice cooker and the square floor stove, Mao Zedong's eyes, which were touching the scene, gradually became wet. The young Mao Anying was quietly accompanying his father, not crying or making a fuss.
In the following days, Mao Zedong was still running around the country for the revolutionary cause, and Yang Kaihui followed her with her children.
1927, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup. Due to the situation, Mao Zedong decided to go to the Hunan-Jiangxi border to organize the autumn harvest uprising.
Mao Zedong knew that the environment in the Hunan-Jiangxi border was harsh, and he did not want his wife and children to suffer, so he decided to keep them in Changsha. Unexpectedly, after this parting, he and Yang Kaihui were farewell forever, and it was 19 years later to see Mao Anying again.
In October 1930, Hunan warlord He Jian sent someone to arrest Yang Kaihui, and her 8-year-old Mao Anying and her nanny Chen Yuying were arrested together.
In prison, Yang Kaihui was often tortured and severely. In the worst torture, Yang Kaihui was in a coma for three days and three nights. After waking up with difficulty, she said to Mao Anying, "Do you remember the situation here? How do you tell your father in the future?"
Mao Anying clenched his fists and replied, "I remember, if I go out, I will tell my father well, we must take revenge."
Every night, Mao Anying lay between his mother and Chen Yuying, and fell asleep with the scars on his mother's body...
During the time he was imprisoned, the person who accompanied Mao Anying for the longest time was the nanny Chen Yuying. When Yang Kaihui was tortured by the enemy and was in danger of life, the task of taking care of Mao Anying fell on Chen Yuying.
In November 1930, in Changsha Literature Ridge, Yang Kaihui was brutally killed by the enemy. Before the execution, Yang Kaihui entrusted Mao Anying and Mao Anying from her family to Chen Yuying, asking her to take good care of the child.
After Yang Kaihui's sacrifice, Chen Yuying kept encouraging Mao Anying: "Hold on for a few more days, your father will definitely find a way to save us, you must have confidence!"
A few days later, under the pressure of social celebrities Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Shizhao and others, He Jian was forced to release Chen Yuying and Mao Anying out.
1931 Spring Festival, Mao Anying and his three brothers accompanied by their aunt Li Chongde, transferred to Shanghai via Wuhan. Under the arrangement of their uncle Mao Zemin, they entered the Datong kindergarten, which specializes in adopting the children of Chinese Communist Party martyrs.
2. Wandering on the streets of Shanghai, he arrived in the Soviet Union
. After staying in Datong Kindergarten for less than a year, the kindergarten was forced to disband on the spot due to a traitor betrayal. At this time, Mao Anying's youngest younger brother Mao Anyong had unfortunately died. He and his second brother Mao Anying were fostered by the party organization to the home of Dong Jianwu, the head of the kindergarten.
Picture | Dong Jianwu
Post-0 due to the needs of the revolution, Dong Jianwu evacuated Shanghai and had to hand over the two brothers to their family to raise. At the beginning, Dong Jianwu's family attached great importance to the safety of their two children and moved frequently to avoid spy searches. However, the long-term hiding and economic difficulties have changed Dong Jianwu's family's attitude towards the two brothers.
One day, Mao Anying accidentally heard Dong Jianwu's wife complain to Dong Jianwu who was going home to visit relatives in the room: "There are a few more mouths at home, and now they are not enough to make ends meet. You have to find a way!"
Dong Jianwu said helplessly: "You ask me, I can't do anything! You can't throw your child on the street, right?"
Mao Anying, who was unable to get maternal love because his mother died too early, was very sensitive to the surrounding environment. He would always pay attention to other people's attitude towards him and live cautiously. After hearing Dong Jianwu's wife's complaints, in the autumn of 1935, Mao Anying, who was only 12 years old, ran away from home with his younger brother.
On the streets of Shanghai, the two brothers lived a life like a mistress in "Sanmao Wandering", and were not found by the underground party organization until 1936.
In the summer of the same year, with the approval of Mao Zedong and the approval of the Party Central Committee, Mao Anying and his younger brother were sent to the Soviet Union and lived a fatherless life for more than 10 years.
One day in 1938, after Long March , Mao Zedong, who had established an anti-Japanese revolutionary base in Yan'an, received a special gift from the Soviet Union: a photo of the two brothers Mao Anying.
This is the first time Mao Zedong saw his son after 11 years of separation. He carefully picked up the photo, looked at it carefully, and smiled and said to the guards beside him, "I have been missing for more than ten years. I didn't expect my two little children to grow up so old."
Then, excitedly picked up a pen and wrote to his son: "Hello, Anying and Anqing! Dad misses you very much in Yan'an. Do you miss your father? I heard from my friend that you were doing well in the Soviet Union. Dad was very happy after hearing it. By the way, my father received the photos you sent. I am now writing a reply. I hope you can write to me..."
A month later, because I have not received a reply from my son. Mao Zedong asked his friend to send a letter to his son: "Did you receive the letter written to you last month? If you receive it, please reply me quickly!" Before making the letter to a friend, Mao Zedong deliberately opened the envelope and put a few photos of himself in it.
After receiving the letter from his father, the Mao Anying brothers burst into tears and held the letter paper for a long time and couldn't calm down. At that time, Mao Anying, who was studying in middle school in Ivanov, wrote a long letter to his father in Russian with emotion, explaining his study, life and other situation in the Soviet Union. Mao Anying, who was young, also wrote a text message under the guidance of his brother.
After the letter from the two brothers was sent to Yan'an, due to the tight war, Mao Zedong had no time to write a reply to his son. It was not until January 31, 1941 that he wrote a brief reply.
Although the number of words in the letter is not large, it is full of a father's true feelings and kindness for his son. The words reveal the father's concern and longing for his son.
The most important thing is that Mao Zedong did not condescend and convey his ideas in an orderly tone, but instead expressed his voice with equal consultation and earnest attitude, hoping that his son would become a young man with firm ideals and beliefs, real knowledge, striving for progress and down-to-earth through hard study.
In the letter, he told his son this way: "Young people are energetic and should learn more about natural science and supplement it with social science... Only by studying science can you gain real knowledge and benefit endlessly in the future... In study and life, you should pay attention to being down-to-earth and seeking truth from facts. Others' encouragement is acceptable, but you must not indulge in it, breeding complacency and causing endless harm..."
pic | Photo attached to Mao Zedong's letter
A simple letter of family carries Mao Zedong's deep love for his son and guides them to move towards the right direction of life.
3. After returning to China, he accepted his father's "transformation"
In January 1946, the plane Mao Anying was on landing smoothly at Yan'an Airport , and Chairman Mao dragged his sick body to greet him.
When Mao Anying, wearing a Soviet-style military uniform, walked slowly down from the plane after 10 years of separation from the motherland, Chairman Mao, who had been waiting for a long time, walked forward first, grabbed his son's young hands, and didn't say anything for a long time.
At this time, 19 years have passed since the father and son last met. The young boy who was young and who revolved around his parents has now grown into a heroic young man.
Chairman Mao looked at Mao Anying who was almost unable to recognize him and said happily, "I have grown up and become a handsome young man."
Mao Anying, who has received Soviet-style education, hugged his father enthusiastically and kept shouting, "Dad, Dad, you don't know how much I miss you!"
Chairman Mao, who has never come back to his senses, also constantly responded to his son: "Dad miss you too! My Oneying!"
A few days later, Chairman Mao's body gradually healed, and he immediately devoted himself to the work of "transforming" Mao Anying.
One day, Mao Anying, who was wearing a Soviet military uniform as usual, came to his father's room to chat. As soon as I entered the door, I saw a sumptuous lunch on my father's desk. He naturally picked up the dishes and started eating, and even invited his father to eat together.
Chairman Mao deliberately frowned and said, "You can't eat these."
Mao Anying asked in confusion: "Why?"
"These are the sick meals arranged by the central government. I eat them to complete the task... Forget it, you have moved your chopsticks. This meal is just like I welcome you, no one can do it!"
"What will I eat in the future?"
"Yan'an canteen" It is divided into small stoves, middle stoves and big stoves. Small stoves are for central leaders, middle stoves are for officers, and big stoves are for ordinary soldiers. From now on, you will eat big stoves with ordinary soldiers. "
" But, Dad, I am also a captain in the Soviet Union, and I can eat middle stoves!"
" Now that the food in Yan'an is tight, you, as my son of Mao Zedong, should take the lead in eating big stoves."
Mao Anying stopped refuting and started eating silently.
Picture | Chairman Mao and Mao Anying
Chairman Mao watched his son eat quietly, but the more he looked, the more he looked, the worse it became. Finally, he found the reason. He said, "Don't wear this military uniform again in the future, change into my cotton coat."
"Is there any problem? Dad!"
"The soldiers here are all wearing coarse cloth clothes, and you are the only one wearing exquisite Soviet military uniforms, which makes you look out of place. When others see you, they are afraid that they will not dare to talk to you. In this way, you will not be able to integrate into the collective."
Mao Anying suddenly realized after hearing this. It turned out that he had greeted other soldiers in the past few days, but others ignored him. This is the reason!
That's it. A Soviet captain who had been receiving Soviet-style education for many years and was accustomed to drinking milk and eating bread. From then on, he drank millet porridge and ate hard steamed buns in the strong wind of the loess high slope.
Chairman Mao’s transformation of Mao Anying is far more than that. One day, Chairman Mao found Mao Anying and said to him earnestly: "In the past, you drank foreign ink in the Soviet Union. Now that you have returned to China, I plan to send you to ' Agricultural University ' and 'Labor University' to receive re-education from farmers. In a few days, I will help you find a teacher, just learn from him."
Mao Anying happily agreed: "Thank you dad!"
On April 8, Chairman Mao brought a farmer model worker to Mao Anying and told him: "He is the teacher I found for you. In the future, you will learn from the teacher to farm and feed grain."
Mao Anying lived in the farmer's home and ate and lived with him. During the day, I went to work in the fields and opened a night school in the village at night to teach young people in the village to read and recognize words.
Later, Chiang Kai-shek ordered an attack on northern Shaanxi, and Mao Anying had to end his study at the "Agricultural University" in advance.
On September 25, Chairman Mao met Mao Anying who had returned from his studies. He looked at his black and red face, touched his calloused hands, and said happily: "Okay! It seems that the teacher's transformation of you is very successful!"
Chairman Mao always remembers the masses, and also reminds his children and cadres not to be separated from the masses. This principle is well reflected in the small matter of sending his son to the "Agricultural University".
In the next year, Mao Anying will be admitted to the "Cave University" and learn Chinese history, culture and philosophy with Mao Zedong's secretary Tian Jiaying and others.
1947, Mao Anying participated in the land reform movement. At a conference held at Xibaipo , Zhou Enlai gave a very high evaluation of Mao Anying's work and some suggestions made during the land reform movement.
pic | Chairman Mao and Mao Anying
After the meeting, Chairman Mao wrote a special letter to remind his son: "You cannot have irrelevant vanity. You must persevere in doing things and ignore temporary gains and losses."
In May 1950, according to his father's suggestion, Mao Anying returned to his hometown in Hunan to visit his grandmother and look for Chen Yuying, the nanny who took care of him back then.
Chen Yuying, who received the notice, rushed from her hometown to Mao Anying's grandmother's house and met Mao Anying, who had been together for nearly 20 years.
After the trip to Hunan, Mao Anying returned to Beijing and entered the Beijing Machinery Factory to work. In October, Mao Anying signed up to participate in Volunteer Army and rushed to the Korean battlefield.
4. After the sacrifice, Chairman Mao often saw things and thought about others.
On November 25, 1950, Mao Anying died in Dayu Cave, North Korea. This incident became a pain that Chairman Mao could not heal in his later years.
After the end of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, someone suggested that Mao Anying's remains be transported back to China for burial, but Chairman Mao refused without thinking. Once, because of this incident, he even started a fire: "Mao Anying is my son, but whose children are not children? This precedent is set, should other martyrs be transported back? Don't mention it in the future, and do more."
In Chairman Mao's bedroom less than 20 square meters, there are several wooden cabinets, one of which is specially used to store Mao Anying's relics. These relics are divided into two parts, one is the clothes Mao Anying left at home before going to war; the other is the relics he brought back from North Korea after his death.
These relics, Chairman Mao would quietly take them out every year to take a look at them. Every time he looked at them, he would stand still and stare at them for a few minutes. Sometimes, the chairman held a cigarette in his hand, but did not smoke a mouthful, and only held the yellow shirt that Mao Anying had worn, staring blankly, as if he was thinking of others when he saw things.
After reading it, Chairman Mao would call the staff and remind them: "Please take these things back! Put them in the original cabinet."
In order to properly keep these relics, Chairman Mao's butler Wu Liandeng and others will take them out to bask in the sun every summer. There were several times when Chairman Mao bumped into it, and he just said lightly: "Is there anything she has been going on!"
Although Chairman Mao recognized these things from afar, he never mentioned "this is An Ying's relics". The staff around the Chairman also had a very tacit understanding and never mentioned Mao Anying in front of Chairman Mao.
In the late 1960s, Chairman Mao took the initiative to mention Mao Anying to Wu Liandeng for the first time, which was the only time. The chairman said: "In a blink of an eye, An Ying has been away for more than ten years, I miss him very much."
Wu Liandeng comforted the chairman: "The Chairman's Day!"
"An Ying is a good child! He suffered a lot since childhood and left after a few days of blessing..."
"Yes!"
"I still remember when he and An Qing wandered in Shanghai back then. A teenage child, lonely and lonely, I don't know what it was. Come here... By the way, he also participated in the Soviet Patriotic War , which is a great thing..."
In his later years, Wu Liandeng sighed in an interview: "Although the Chairman's sacrifice on the other side of the strait, he has always maintained a peaceful attitude, the pain of sending the straits to the strait is unconcealable. Even if he doesn't say it, we can feel it."
In Mao Zedong's heart, his son Mao Anying is very outstanding. Military writer Liu Yiran recorded a detail that Liu Siqi once showed Mao Anying’s diary to Mao Zedong. In the diary, Mao Anying wrote many times: "As Mao Zedong's son, am I qualified?"
pic | Chairman Mao, Liu Siqi and Mao Anying
After Mao Anying died for many years, Liu Siqi asked Chairman Mao the answer to this question on behalf of her husband: "Dad, An Ying has always had a question in the diary, that is, being your son, is he qualified? Today I want to ask this answer in person."
Chairman Mao said: "Actually, An Ying has also asked me this question..."
Chairman Mao said: "Actually, An Ying has asked me this question..."
"Then how did you answer?"
"At that time, I didn't tell him directly. What I said was: 'I'll tell you again after you come back.' What I said was: 'I'll tell you again after you come back.' What a pity..."
The two were silent for a moment, and Chairman Mao continued, "I can tell you the answer to this question now."
"What is it?"
"Qualified, An Ying is my pride!"
Chairman Mao's answer made Liu Siqi cry, and also made readers who learned about this answer later tears.
Yes, Mao Anying is not only the pride of Chairman Mao, but also the pride of every Chinese. Without the sacrifice of him and thousands of Chinese people, how could we have a wonderful life today?
I would like to use this article to pay my highest respect to the martyrs Mao Anying and the families of Chairman Mao who sacrificed their lives for the revolution!
