On November 24, 1925, the Northeast warlord Guo Songling failed in the " Anti-Feng War " and was forced to flee with his family and relatives. Zhang Zuolin sent Wang Yongqing to chase after him with his cavalry.
Guo Songling A group of dozens of people ran away without fast speed. Wang Yongqing's cavalry was lightly equipped, and the distance between the two sides was getting closer and closer, and a melee broke out.
The bullet was not eyebrowed. A middle-aged man in Guo Songling's team suddenly fell behind. He had no experience in the battlefield and had to run under a big cart in the middle of the road.
Result Guo Songling and his wife Han Shuxiu fled to Xinmin City, Liaoning Province. The middle-aged man hiding under the car was unfortunately hit by a stray bullet and died. He was 49 years old and his body was taken back to Fengtian (Shenyang).
A few days later, the middle-aged man's friend, a famous Chinese modern writer and political educator, Liang Qichao, handled the funeral for him and wrote an elegy couplet, "html was abandoned in 4 days, who can prosper? Ten years of repairing difficulties, just Yugong moved the mountains..."
This middle-aged man is called Lin Changmin . His daughter is Lin Huiyin . His cousin is Lin Juemin and Lin Yinmin (Seventy-two Martyrs of Huanghuagang).
But over the years, everyone only knows Lin Changmin's daughter Lin Huiyin, but few people know about Lin Changmin. In fact, he was once a stormy figure and had done something earth-shaking.
Lin Changmin, born in 1876, is from Fuzhou City, Fujian Province. His father's name is: Lin Xiaoxun . He passed the imperial examination in the 15th year of Guangxu (1889 AD), and was in the same subject as Kang Youwei . Later, he was awarded the position of editor of Hanlin Academy and served as county magistrate and prefecture in Jinhua, Zhejiang, Anji, Hangzhou and other places.
The Lin family is a famous family in Fuzhou. Its family style is simple, and the descendants all like to study and have good grades. Lin Changmin's cousins Lin Juemin and Lin Yinmin followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen for a long time and were the main members of the Chinese Tongmenghui. Later, they participated in the Huanghuagang Uprising and died heroically.
When he was young, Lin Changmin was well-read in poetry and books. Like his father, he was a scholar in the 25th year of Guangxu (1899 AD).
My father hoped that Lin Changmin would continue to work hard and strive to get a Jinshi or a top scholar, but Lin Changmin resolutely gave up the imperial examination and instead studied English and Japanese hard. Fortunately, Lin Changmin's father was relatively open-minded and took the initiative to hire two foreign teachers for him. Lin Changmin was extremely intelligent since childhood. After three years of hard study, he compiled a book called "History of the Invasion of the West" alone in 1903.
In the 32nd year of the Guangxu period (1906 AD), Lin Changmin went to Japan alone to study. One year later, he returned to China and entered Hangzhou Dongwen School to study. In the same year, I went to Japan to be admitted to Waseda University , and devoted myself to politics and economy.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the powerful men of all countries coveted China, and all passionate men took it as their responsibility to save the country and the people. When Lin Changmin went to Japan to study, his cousins Lin Juemin and Lin Yinmin were following Mr. Sun Yat-sen to actively carry out various revolutionary work.
Lin Changmin has heard of it. He believes that : "Politicians must be tolerant. China's future is unknown. Anyone who engages in revolutionary work must seek common ground while reserving differences."
From this we can see that Lin Changmin is not a "nerd" who only knows how to study hard. He has unique insights into politics.
While studying in Japan, Lin Changmin took out his spare time to practice calligraphy and poetry. During this period, Lin Changmin and friends such as Tang Hualong , Chen Bosheng went to Tokyo, Japan for an inspection.
After the three or five friends finished their work, they invited each other to drink and write poems. Lin Changmin wrote a long poem based on his experience of studying in Japan, and everyone present applauded. After
, Lin Changmin returned from studying in Japan and first founded the Fuzhou Political and Law School in his hometown in Fuzhou.
After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, Lin Changmin went to Shanghai, Nanjing, Beijing and other places alone to promote the revolution.
Due to political disagreements, Lin Changmin often had disputes with Tongmenghui people. While working in Nanjing, he was assassinated by a killer. Since then, Lin Changmin served as Secretary-General of the Senate of Nanjing Provisional Government and drafted the "Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China".
Because of its outstanding ability, Lin Changmin was elected as a member of the House of Representatives and Secretary-General, and later transferred to important positions such as Progressive Party member and Minister of the Ministry of Administration.
1917, there was no peace within the Beiyang warlords, and Zhang Xun, a vigorous restoration. Lin Changmin was appointed as the Chief of Justice by then Prime Minister Duan Qirui, and the cabinet was reorganized again.
1918, World War I ended . The then President Xu Shichang set up an ad hoc Foreign Affairs Committee and hired Lin Changmin as a member of the committee and director of affairs. In the same year, Japan, Britain and France invaded Shandong, and Lin Changmin protested to the government on behalf of all the citizens.
In early 1919, Lin Changmin served as the General Affairs Officer of the Comrades Association of the International League. In April 1919, Lin Changmin put forward important opinions on the attendance of the Beiyang Government at the Paris Peace Conference.
Lin Changmin specifically pointed out that When the Chinese government attends the Paris Peace Conference, it must strive for reason. The country must not be divided and seek support from other allies to the Chinese government.
At the same time, he used his private identity to request his friend Liang Qichao who was visiting Europe, and used public opinion pressure to force Xu Shichang to submit.
As a result, when the Chinese government attended the Paris Peace Conference, all the opinions put forward were rejected, and the country was brutally divided by the powers of various countries. As the victorious country of in the first battle, , it did not enjoy the same treatment.
news was sent back to China, causing heated discussions among countless young students. Everyone took to the streets to organize wave after wave of demonstrations.
In May 1919, Lin Changmin rushed to the Beijing Foreign Affairs Commission to report. At the same time, Lin Changmin published a news article in the Morning Post entitled "Diplomatic Alerts to the Nationals".
The number of words in the news is about 300 words, which roughly means calling on all citizens to stand up and firmly disagree to cede Jiaozhou, Shandong, and expose the government's treason.
The article has not many words, but it is strong and powerful. It directly points out the inaction of National Government , which aroused the anger of the people of the whole country, like a "bomb", forming a chain reaction.
On the afternoon of May 4, 1919, more than 3,000 students from 12 universities in Beijing held a demonstration, and the May Fourth Movement broke out.
Many young workers participated in the demonstration and took to the streets to petition. As the demonstrations and marches became more and more frequent, even ordinary citizens, business people and other social sectors joined the parade.
President Xu Shichang seriously suspected that Lin Changmin was the mastermind behind the May Fourth Movement and summoned him to the Presidential Office to severely reprimand him.
The patriotic movement of Beijing students quickly received support from students and people from all over China. Under the leadership of the working class, many college students in Shanghai took classes and workers went on strike, and a wave of strikes emerged across the country.
Under strong pressure from the people of the country, the government released the arrested patriotic students on June 7, 1919. On June 10, the traitors Cao Rulin, , Lu Zongyu, and Zhang Zongxiang were removed from office.
Based on this situation, the Chinese delegation did not attend the signing ceremony held at the Paris Peace Conference. At this point, the May Fourth Movement came to a successful conclusion.
The May Fourth Movement is the most famous patriotic movement in modern Chinese history. Its emergence promoted a new awakening of the Chinese people, allowing advanced youth to clearly see that the fate of the country is at stake, and to have a deeper understanding of the corrupt and dark society and inaction government.
Workers, students, and petty bourgeoisie Take saving the country and the people as their mission, and actively explores the path to save China. After the movement ended, young people from all over the country set up clubs to spread new ideas and new cultures, and Marxism was widely spread in China.
To be fair, the May Fourth Movement should be an epoch-making event in the history of the Chinese revolution, no doubt about it.
It marks the transition of China's old democratic society to new democratic society , which is a major historical turning point, promotes the integration of Marxism's communication and function in China, and prepares conditions for the establishment of the Communist Party of China in terms of thought.
It can even be said that the May Fourth Movement represents the formation of China's modern nation and national consciousness, and has an inseparable interactive relationship with the Communist Party of China.
The historical community also has different opinions on the relationship between Lin Changmin and the May Fourth Movement. However, judging from the historical development process at that time and Lin Changmin's performance in the May Fourth Movement, he was indeed very closely related to the May Fourth Movement.
The public opinion of Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu, Zhang Zongxiang must have been strongly encouraged by Lin Changmin, Liang Qichao and others.
Therefore, it can be said that Lin Changmin and Liang Qichao were the ignitors of the May Fourth Movement.
But because Lin Changmin had a clear attitude in the May Fourth Movement and related opposition incidents, those pro-Japanese traitors contacted the Japanese government and asked their "master" to find the relevant departments separately to hold Lin Changmin accountable.
Lin Changmin was not intimidated, he always insisted on the struggle to save the country and the people. To show his attitude, Lin Changmin voluntarily resigned from all positions in the Foreign Affairs Committee, and at the same time wrote an open letter to the public, which elaborated on the Japanese imperialist ambitions, allowing everyone to continue to fight, and fully demonstrated his sincere desire to serve the country.
In April 1920, Lin Changmin, who was excluded and suppressed, chose to avoid the limelight for the time being and took his 16-year-old baby daughter Lin Huiyin to Europe for inspection.
When I was in London, England, Lin Changmin met Xu Zhimo , who was studying at the Cambridge University . Both of them are knowledgeable and have endless things to say as soon as they meet, and they become friends who have forgotten their age.
In October 1920, Lin Changmin returned to China and jointly wrote a letter with Cai Yuanpei, Wang Chonghui and others, proposing to the Beiyang government to restore the parliament and revise the constitution.
1921, Lin Changmin was elected as chairman of the drafting committee. In the following two years, Lin Changmin proposed that the labor system should be enshrined in the Constitution. With the successful election of President by Cao Kun, Lin Changmin's political ideals for audit and local system have been shattered again.
1925, Northeast warlord Zhang Zuolin attacked Beijing and wanted to establish his own president. Guo Songling, the general of the Third Front Army of the Northeast Army, rebelled from the Fengtian clan and built his own Northeast National Army, and tried his best to invite Lin Changmin to come out of the mountain.
Guo Songling promised him that he would seize the power of the Northeast in the future and appointed Lin Changmin as the prime minister of the three eastern provinces and the governor of Liaoning Province, allowing him to implement his political ideals .
In order to realize the reunification of China as soon as possible, Lin Changmin secretly left Beijing on the evening of October 30, 1925 on the evening of October 30, 1925.
Because Guo Songling failed in the anti-Feng War, Lin Changmin was hit by a stray bullet and died on November 24, 1925. At this time, Lin Huiyin was still studying abroad and returned to China three years later.
References:
[1] Lin Changmin, a proud politician of the Republic of China, author Liu Zhanqing, Party History Zongheng 2016 Issue 09
[2] A brief discussion on Lin Changmin's status and role in the May Fourth Movement, author Xu Wenjun, Journal of Yanbian Education College 2013 Issue 05
[3] Is Lin Changmin a good word "politician"? Author Zhu Zheng, Leader Wen Cui 2002 Issue 12
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