Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were the era of slavery in Chinese history. The contradiction between the slave and the slave owner class was the main contradiction in society at that time. The slave owner not only possessed the items produced by the slave, but also possessed the slave itself. "Under the sky, is the king's land ; in the shore of the land, are monarchs of the king's subjects." This means that there are no land in the country that is not slave owners, and there are no slaves who farm on the land that are not slave owners. Slave owners blindly suppressed slaves, which made society increasingly turbulent.
The rule and political struggles of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were also reflected in the area of Zhoukou at that time. At that time, the brutal and lewd rule and political struggle were not only reflected in the court, but also in the vassal states such as Chen, Chu, Li, and Shen. During the reign of King Zhou (1075 BC to 1046 BC), he was cruel and arrogant, extravagant, and did not listen to advice, and killed or exiled loyal ministers without permission, resulting in the country's demise. Jizi Because he was dissatisfied with what King Zhou did, he repeatedly advised and advised him. King Zhou refused to listen, so he was afraid and pretended to be a slave and forbidden to Xihua. Jizi, whose name is Xu Yu, was the concubine's father of King Zhou, and he became the Grand Tutor. Confucius Biting Jizi with Weizi and and making it the "three benevolents" of the Shang Dynasty.
On the dry river 17 kilometers northwest of Shangshui today, there are Dashiqiao, Zhier Gully, and Jiuteng bends. According to legend, during the reign of King Jing of Zhou, Concubine Su was slandered and fled abroad, abandoning the prince at Dashi Bridge, and a large stone nest was left on the back stone bridge. From Dashi Bridge to the east, there is a ditch in the village of Bianlou, and is named Qi Er Gourd. Concubine Su's abandoned son went east and it was hard to give up. She looked back several times, forming nine twists in the river channel.
Bai Chen Hu Gong established Chen Guoqi, and his wife, Da Ji, lived a licentious life. The kings of all dynasties competed to follow You, Chen had Duke You, Duke Ding, Duke Li, and Duke Ling, and the doctors Zhongzi , Kong Ning, and Yixing were also some lewds. The king and ministers did not bury state affairs, resulting in waste of production. Two major civil strife occurred and one national destruction was destroyed. The national power was weak and weak. In addition, the old forces of the Chen State had a dominant advantage, which hindered social change and historical progress, and finally died in the hands of the strong Chu.
class differentiation began in the late primitive society, and by Xia Dynasty had formed a serious confrontation between slaves and slaves. In the early days of the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, slave owners not only squeezed slaves in their daily lives, but also killed a large number of slaves when sacrificing ancestors and gods, building ancestral temples and palaces, and holding funerals for slave owners and nobles. Human sacrifice is a funeral system implemented by slave owners and nobles who fantasize that they can continue to enjoy themselves after their death. After the owner of the tomb of the eldest sonkou tomb in the early Western Zhou Dynasty of Taiqing Palace in Luyi died, there were 13 slaves buried with him. A man and a woman hugged each other and a child was found behind the tomb near a horse pit from the Spring and Autumn Period. All of these fully expose the sins of slave society.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the struggle between slaves against slave owners was manifested as the struggle between common people and craftsmen in slave status against rulers of various countries. "People collapse" was a form of resistance of common people. In the winter of 644 BC, the 国国国 was trapped by 国国有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有� Someone climbed the mound at night and shouted, "There are chaos in all," and the common people who served fled in a commotion. "Zuo Zhuan. "In December, he met in Huai and planned to go to the east. The city guards were sick, and they climbed the hills at night and called out to the sun: "There is chaos in Qi." If you don't succeed in the city, you will return." It seems that the main reason why Duke Huan of Qi "returned without success in the city" this time was because the common people fled. This forced Duke Huan of Qi to stop building a city, and his plan to expedite Huaiyi in the east was also vain.
The cruel exploitation and oppression of slave owners further deepened class contradictions. Chen Aigong In the 19th year (550 BC), the king of Chen had a conflict with the noble Qing family. In order to resist the monarch's attack, the Qing family conscripted the common people to build a city. When building a city, you need to use a plywood to make the rammed earth solid. Because the plywood fell off, Qingshi punished him with murder. The common people were extremely angry. They killed the chiefs of the supervisor, and Qinghu and Qingyin were also killed.The cause of the incident was that the Qing family, a great clan of Chen, wanted to rely on the power of Chu , Chu , to get rid of the younger brother Huang, the younger brother of Chen Hou, and spread rumors that the younger brother Huang wanted to rebel against Chu and follow Jin. Chen Hou and Prince Huang entered Chu to explain that for Chu's understanding, the Qing family conspired to go bankrupt, so they resisted by Chen and forced the common people to build a city to fight. Finally, the common people's uprising occurred, killing Qinghu and Qingyin incidents. "Zuo Zhuan•The 23rd Year of Duke Xiang" records: "The Chen Hou is like Chu, and the prince Huang sued the two Qingshen in Chu, and the Chu people summoned him. Qingle went there and killed him. Qing family rebelled with Chen. Xia, Qu Jian followed Chen Hou to surround Chen. Chen people fell and killed people. He sent people to order each to kill their eldest son, so he killed Qinghu and Qingyin. The Chu people accepted Prince Huang. The gentleman said that Qing's family was unrighteous and could not be reckless. Therefore, the book said: Only the order is not normal." This is the first slave riot in China - the Chen State's riot in the construction of the city.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chen State's taxes and labor service were severe, and the people were in full swing. "Lüshi Chunqiu·Si Shun Lu" records: "The King of Jingzhuang wanted to attack Chen, so he asked people to look at him. The envoy said, 'Chen cannot be attacked.' King Zhuang said, 'Why?' replied, 'The city is high, the ditch is deep, and the accumulation is large.' Ningguo said, 'Chen can be attacked. Chen is a small country, but the accumulation is large and the tax is heavy, so the people will be resentful; if the city is high, the ditch is deep, the people will be defeated. If the army is high, the ditch is deep, the people will be defeated. If the army is attacked, Chen can be taken.' King Zhuang heard it and then took Chen." The Chu army attacked Chen in 588 BC. "Zuo Zhuan•The Thirty Years of Duke Xiang" also records: In June 543 BC, Zheng Zichan returned and returned to the office. He told the doctor: 'Chen, the country was destroyed, and he could not be treated with it. He gathered grains and millet, repaired the city and the two, but did not appease the people. His king was weak and planted, and his son was extravagant, and he was more arrogant than humble. He had many political families. If he was a big country, he could not die? It took only ten years.'" The Chen State's great doctor, Chang Hua, also said: "I heard that the country was prosperous and regarded farmers as wounded, which was a blessing; if it was a destruction, he regarded the people as a mustard of land, which was a disaster." Therefore, by the time of Duke Min of Chen, the politics became even more corrupt, and was eventually destroyed by Chu in 478 BC.
Zhou Qingwang sixth year to Zhou Dingwang fifty-seventh year (613 BC to 590 BC), Chuzhuangwang wanted to build a layer of platform in a bedding hill, transport stones thousands of miles away, and it was exhausted by the people and money. Many of the ministers gave advice and were executed. Zhu Yu, a native of Chouqiu, risked his life to make an advice. King Zhuang accepted his words, and the construction of the platform was stopped and civil servants were lifted.
Lu Aigong In the summer of the tenth year (485 BC), Yuan Po of Chen fled to Zheng . When Yuan Po was Situ, he imposed taxes on the land in the fief and used his marriage to Duke Chen Ai's daughter; the rest were used to cast bells and cauldrons for himself, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the Chen people, so he was expelled from the country. Thirsty on the road, his tribe members presented rice sweet wine, dried millet rice, and marinated jerky meat. Yuan Po said happily, "Why are the food so rich?" Yuan Po replied, "The utensils are ready for casting." Yuan Po said, "Why don't you dissuade me?" Yuan Po replied, "I'm afraid you will be driven away first." ("Zuo Zhuan•The Tenth Year of Aigong" records: "In the Xia Dynasty, Chen Yuanpo went out to Zheng. At first, Yuan Po was the Situ, and he was granted land to marry the daughter of a princess. He thought he was a great gift. The people of the country chased him, so he went out. The Tao was thirsty, and his clan Yuan Po brought rice, rice, and rice. He was happy and said, "What are you giving me?" He replied, "The utensils are completed and they have been equipped.' He said, "Why don't I advise me?" He replied, "Fear is going first.'")
月天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天天� This is one of the few fires recorded in ancient Chinese history, reflecting the corruption of Chen's politics at that time from one aspect.
