The first film and television character I liked when I was a child was Zhan Zhao played by He Jiajin . He was majestic and handsome. He admired him at that time
Zhan Zhao was a contribution to protecting Bao Zheng . After recommendation, he was named the fourth-rank guard with a knife by the emperor and was named " Royal Cat ".
In fact, Song Dynasty did not have an official position to guard the imperial guards with a knife. At that time, the person who protected the emperor was called the guards' personal army, and it was a fifth-rank official position.
To Qing Dynasty , Qing Taizu Nurhaci established the guard system, and the official position of " Imperial Guard " officially appeared.
However, the person who protects the emperor should be a handsome young man. These two are equal in my heart. After all, they always appear under the emperor's nose. It cannot be too ugly, which will affect the emperor's mood. Be more majestic and more extraordinary. Like the famous imperial guards of the Qing Dynasty, Fu Huan and Nalan Mingzhu ,
, but, the last imperial guard in the late Qing Dynasty, we are going to talk about today, nicknamed " Palace Monkey ". Everyone, people may be wrong, nicknames will not be wrong. It sounds like this "Palace Monkey" has sharp mouths, monkey cheeks, stingy eyebrows, mouse eyes,
But people cannot be regarded as good-looking
He is one of the top experts in the imperial court. He is the imperial guard of Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu . Later, he worked as a personal bodyguard by " Northeast King " Zhang Zuolin for six years. During the anti-Japanese period, he returned to his hometown to set up a martial arts school and cultivated a group of patriots.
I feel like this is a person with low appearance, great ability, and a little chivalrous heart. It is very interesting. Let’s learn about it together!
gong Baotian
gong Baotian, whose courtesy name is Shaoluan, was born in December 1871 in Qingshan Village, Rushan City, Shandong Province.
Gong Baotian went to a private school when he was young. Because of his poor family, he was introduced by a 13-year-old man and found a job in a rice shop in Beijing and was responsible for carrying rice.
At that time, many children from poor families were sent to rice shops to help, so Gong Baotian relied on his strength to carry rice in the rice shops and subsidize his family's income.
I didn’t expect to carry rice and even carry a strange fate.
Like in martial arts novels, a good seedling who practices martial arts will have many adventures when he is young, and many martial arts masters will teach him secrets. For example, Linghu Chong written by Jin Yong . First, he taught him the kung fu fu, and then he met his uncle Feng Qingyang , who was two generations higher than him, and taught him the Nine Swords of Dugu, which greatly improved his martial arts.
Feng Qingyang said, "Chong'er, I have a fate with you, and I am also speculating. I have to have a good son like you in my old age to pass on my sword skills, which is really a great wish. ——"Swordsman"
The Gong Baotian we are talking about today also met two martial arts masters.
Because Gong Baotian is an apprentice in Yuanxianglimi Store in Beijing, the owner of the rice shop is an authentic one. is full of , this rice shop is the main purchasing point of each prince’s mansion. Every day, Gong Baotian’s job is to pound rice and deliver rice to the royal mansion on time. Therefore, Gong Baotian has the opportunity to go to the royal mansion compound frequently. By chance, he met one of the top ten masters of the late Qing Dynasty, Dong Haichuan disciple Yin Fu .
Yin Fu
Yin Fu
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At that time, Yin Fu served as a guardian (instructor) in the Su Palace, responsible for training mansion . Every time Gong Baotian sent rice, he would stay for a while and watch these soldiers training. Yin Fu saw that he was surprised, strong in his body, and quick in his eyes, and asked him if he would like to follow him to practice martial arts. Gong Baotian happily seized this opportunity, so he quit his job and became Yin Fu's personal disciple.
During the martial arts process, Yin Fu was also very strict with Gong Baotian, so he asked him to start from basic skills, teach each move step by step, correct it repeatedly, and practice it many times. It is said that Yin Fu gave Gong Baotian an wooden bowl , and when will he get sweat drops all over the wooden bowl every day, and when can he rest?
Gong Baotian was born a hard-working child since childhood, and after suffering this hardship, he also achieved some success in martial arts.
In order to make his martial arts more sophisticated, Yin Fu introduced him to a more powerful figure, Yin Fu's master, Dong Haichuan.
Dong Haichuan
Dong Haichuan has many resounding titles: one of the top ten martial arts masters in the late Qing Dynasty, the chief supervisor of the Qing court, and the founder of the Bagua Youshen Lianzhang Palm. He is a sensation figure in the late Qing Dynasty. Under Yin Fu's introduction, Gong Baotian accepted the guidance of his master Dong Haichuan.
It was under the guidance of Dong Haichuan that Gong Baotian became one of the best experts in the big room.
Dong Haichuan taught his unique skill - the Bagua Wanbo Chain Palm to Gong Baotian.
The so-called Bagua Chain Palm is Dong Haichuan's original martial arts combining the hexagrams and mathematics of " Zhouyi " with Bagua Zhang and Shaolin boxing . This skill is called the three major internal boxing in China.
It is said that when Dong Haichuan, the founder of the Bagua Link Palm, saw Gong Baotian, he held his hand and touched his bones all over his body. He looked up and down, and kept saying, "It's rare! It's rare! Stay."
Gong Baotian was appreciated by his master Dong Haichuan and personally taught him the secrets of the Bagua Link Palm, becoming the second generation successor of the Bagua Link Palm.
According to the "Genealogy of Qingshan Gong Family" which was continued in 2013, he is the second generation descendant of the authentic Bagua Youshen Lianzhang Palm.
That's it. At the age of 23, Gong Baotian had already made some reputation. With this skill, he officially became one of the top experts in the big inside. Especially the light skills, they are exquisite and are known as the "Palace Monkey".
In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897 AD), the 27-year-old Gong Baotian was summoned to the palace as the leader of the guard and was awarded the fourth-rank guard with swords. He was also the last chief guard of the Qing court.
During the Gengzi period, the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and Gong Baotian protected Guangxu and Cixi and fled westward. We worked diligently along the way, overcome all difficulties, and protected the royal family to arrive in Xi'an safely. When he was in Xi'an, Guangxu was awarded the gold medal of "A First Level of Officials" and allowed him to handle affairs with a licensed camera. After returning to Beijing, he was given a yellow jacket and .
Others think he is glorious, but Gong Baotian's heart is full of bitterness. He saw the incompetence and cowardice of the Qing government. So in 1905, Gong Baotian couldn't stand the humiliation and resigned and returned to his hometown because he was sick.
He has lived in his hometown for 17 years and lived in a quiet place.
This reminds people of patriotic poet Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty. The name "Xin Qiji" means to be able to fight on the battlefield and defend the country like , Huo Qubing and . He was born in Shandong. He has been with the rebel generals of the rebel army since he was a child and fought against the Jin army. At the age of 22, he led 50 people to bravely break into the 50,000 enemy camps, captured traitors alive, and offered prisoners to the court. This is a legendary battle of his life. However, after returning to the Southern Song Dynasty from the occupied areas, Xin Qiji, who was eager to take back his hometown, became an alternative and did not get the , Song Gaozong, and .
Xin Qiji was very disappointed. The way he chose was "Zhongyin", which was to live in seclusion while waiting for the opportunity to come back. He built two gardens and lived there; at the same time, he hoped that the court could continue the Northern Expedition and re-activate it himself, so he wrote many lyrics that dreamed of returning to the battlefield during this period.
is drunk and looks at the sword with a light, and dreams of blowing the horns and camping.
Xin Qiji's method is called "Zhongyin", which is different from Tao Yuanming's complete retreat in , hiding in a peach blossom land. Xin Qiji was idle while waiting for the opportunity to come out again.
This is a practice chosen by many people in the war years, and the same is true for Gong Baotian in the late Qing Dynasty. He didn't do such a job as an imperial guard. He taught Baguazhang in his hometown Qingshan Village and Haiyang Guocheng, and there were endless people coming to learn from his masters and seek skills.
During this period, the political situation changed, the Qing court collapsed, Yuan Shikai stolen the fruits of the revolution, and entered the era of warlord separatism.
At that time, it was the Zhili, Anhui, Fengtian and some warlords in the south. Gong Baotian was not young at this time. He was in his early 50s and would he have no chance to serve if he didn't come out. So who would Gong Baotian choose to serve?
In 1922, the warlord Zhang Zuolin sent someone to invite Gong Baotian to be the martial arts coach of Fengjun . In fact, he was asked to be his own personal bodyguard. Gong Baotian saw that Zhang Zuolin was both bandit-like and had some national justice, so he also happily went there.
However, Zhang Zuolin saw Gong Baotian for the first time, and seeing that he was thin and not outstanding in appearance, he felt suspicious. Could it be that he had a false reputation?
Gong Baotian saw Zhang Zuolin's thoughts and said, "If the Grand Marshal does not believe in my Gong's ability, let's compete. Within 20 steps, the Grand Marshal fired three shots at me. If I hit me, I would immediately leave without saying a word."
At this time, Gong Baotian walked out of the place twenty steps away. Zhang Zuolin picked up the pistol and fired two shots in a row. After shooting, he saw that he was not hit. When he was about to find another shot, he heard Gong Baotian say behind him: "If I want the Grand Marshal's life, I'm afraid there is no need for the Grand Marshal to turn his head." It turned out that Gong Baotian had quietly come to his back.
Zhang Zuolin was greatly admired and immediately announced: "Gong Baotian serves as the chief martial arts referee of in the three northeastern provinces, the inspector of in the three northeastern provinces, the head coach of the Feng army and the personal bodyguard of the commander of the commander of the commander of the commander of the commander of the commander of the commander of the three northeastern provinces."
Zhang Zuolin
Gong Baotian does not disappoint Zhang Zuolin's kindness and has saved him many times in the fire and fire.
Once, Zhang Zuolin went to the Japanese Mansion to attend a banquet. When he was lifting up his trousers and preparing to sit down, Gong Baotian kicked Zhang Zuolin's stool away. The moment he kicked the stool, a short knife shot out from under the seat with a "splash" and then inserted into the ceiling with a "bang". When Gong Baotian saw that the situation was not good, he and his guards protected Zhang Zuolin and rushed out of the door and ran away.
ran not far away and encountered an rickshaw . Gong Baotian became alert and whipped Zhang Zuolin's horse's butt. As soon as he turned around, the rickshaw exploded with a "boom". Two soldiers who had no time to keep up died on the spot and fell into a pool of blood, but Zhang Zuolin escaped safely.
Zhang Zuolin, who was rescued by Gong Baotian, was very grateful and was very impressed by Gong Baotian. The two got along even closer than their own brothers.
On June 3, 1928, Zhang Zuolin left Gong Baotian to protect the young coach in Beijing and returned to Shenyang by himself. Unfortunately, the Huanggutun incident occurred and the train he was riding was blown up.
Gong Baotian, who failed to accompany him, was heartbroken and fell into deep self-blame, and decided to resign and return home again.
Ming Baotian
Ming Baotian felt the threat from the Japanese after returning home, but because he was old and unable to serve the country, he decided to practice martial arts and educate people in his lifetime and serve the country.
So in the entire Rushan , Yantai , Huangxian , Mouping, Haiyang and other Jiaodong Peninsula organized dozens of folk Baguaquan clubs, recruited disciples, carefully taught Bagua martial arts, and cultivated a large number of Bagua Zhang descendants. Several famous apprentices such as Wang Zhuangfei , Liu Yunqiao , etc.
Gong Baotian's life changed again because a big man was coming to him. This big shot is Xu Shiyou, commander of Jiaodong Military Region.
In September 1941, Xu Shiyou went to Qingshan Village to visit Gong Baotian. Both of them are martial arts practitioners. When Xu Shiyou suggested that he wanted to see Bagua Zhang, Gong Baotian, who was 70 years old, explained the mystery of the Bagua Chain Palm for Xu Shiyou: "Bagua Chain Palm 1 Chain Fist HTML is mainly about a dragon, agile and changeable, hard and soft, and moving like lightning. There is no special mystery." Gong Baotian also showed Bagua sword technique in a fruit forest.
Then Gong Baotian showed his unique skills. Gong Baotian picked up two knives and let the 18th Route Army soldiers splash water on him.
The comrade sprayed with his mouth for a while and then flirted with his hands for a while. Gong Baotian waved his short knife and blocked all the water that the Eighth Route Army soldier poured on him.
After playing with the knife, he saw that Gong Baotian had no drop of water on his body, and the comrade who was splashing water was like a "drunk", with his whole body soaked.
Then Gong Baotian hung up and swept his legs towards a pine tree as thick as a bowl, and actually kicked the pine tree in two pieces, which caused a burst of cheers from the crowd.
Xu Shiyou
Gong Baotian saw that Xu Shiyou was so excited, but he didn't stop. He picked another mung bean from the field and asked, "Who can crush this mung bean?" Several young men tried it but failed.
Gong Baotian took the mung beans back, and with both hands, the mung beans were crushed into powder. Everyone present was amazed at Gong Baotian's hard skills.
At this time, Gong Baotian might not be satisfied and asked again: "Which comrade can knock the Liu Yanque on this tree down with one shot?"
Commander Xu patted Xiao Liao, the guard standing beside him, and said: "You shoot it down."
The guard was also watching the old senior show his unique skills, so he took out the box cannon he carried and shot Liu Yanque down with one shot.
Gong Baotian picked up the little bird and said happily: "You young man, you really have good shooting skills. Can you hit the felt hat on my head?" Gong Baotian said as he pressed his hat with a two-foot-long bamboo pole and walked twenty steps away.
Seeing that the performance was dangerous, Xu Shiyou whispered to Xiao Liao: "It doesn't matter if you can't kill it. Be sure to pay attention to the safety of the old man."
Xiao Liao nodded and raised his hand to prepare to shoot. Gong Baotian said, "If I count to three, you will shoot. Come, one, two, three!" As Gong Baotian's voice fell, the guard then fired, but after the gunshot, Gong Baotian was no longer seen.
Just as everyone was nervously looking around, Gong Baotian suddenly jumped out of the sorghum field on the right and waved, "Comrades, I'm here." Everyone was relieved. What's going on? It turned out that the guards fired after hearing Gong Baotian's words, which required a certain reaction time, so Gong Baotian was one step faster than the guards.
Gong Baotian
Xu Shiyou picked up a stone from the ground and asked, "Old senior, can I try it?" Gong Baotian naturally agreed. When Gong Baotian shouted the word "three" of "one, two, and three", he heard the "cry", and the stone in Xu Shiyou's hand knocked the felt hat dozens of steps away. The people present were shocked and their eyes widened, and their mouths opened because of surprise. Gong Baotian came over and held Xu Shiyou's hand and said, "It's still Commander Xu's skill. Your stone is faster than a bullet."
Xu Shiyou's skill is called Stone Banzi Kung Fu, which is Boy's skill . It is said that he entered Shaolin Temple to learn martial arts when he was eight years old. The Shaolin monk inside taught him that he could hit every shot within 30 steps.
Xu Shiyou was in a mood. He took Gong Baotian's short knife, picked a date, threw it into the air, and split the date in the air with one knife. Gong Baotian praised one after another, "Commander Xu, you use your knife to be fierce, accurate and fast, much better than the old man!"
gong Baotian
After this meeting and exchange, the two of them appreciated each other and were impressed by each other's martial arts. Gong Baotian was invited by Xu Shiyou to serve as an instructor to the Jiaodong Military Region and set up a short-term training class. Gong Baotian was also very happy to contribute his strength to Anti-Japanese War and imparted all his martial arts to the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army.
Unfortunately, the training class had not yet completed a few sessions and encountered a major Japanese storm in 1943. Gong Baotian's third son, Gong Jintang, was blocked in , Laiyang , and was killed by the Japanese. The old man felt heartbroken and his body became weaker. He survived until June 27 of the following year (the 25th day of the fifth day of the lunar calendar), this 73-year-old boxer died in Qingshan Village, his hometown with new hatreds and old hatreds towards the Japanese invaders and his sense of responsibility to worry about the country and the people.
Friends during his lifetime, literati Liu Bo wrote a poem "Attack on the Heroes in the Deep Mountains at the Frost Night", which says:
"The moon whites thousands of mountains have unique feelings, and the frost locks in thousands of valleys adds more excitement. Where can the loyal bones go, a cold light sprinkles the green peaks."
Gong Baotian
Gong Baotian recruits many disciples, and there is a principle, that is, to pay attention to both ability and character.His favorite disciple Wang Zhuangfei devoted himself to his studies for ten years, and after 1949, he became the third generation master of Baguazhang in mainland China; his other favorite disciple Liu Yunqiao also had excellent martial arts skills and became a master of authentic Baguazhang and Bajiquan in Taiwan.
Now, in order to commemorate the great master, Master Gong Baotian, the "Gong Baotian Memorial Hall" has been built in Qingshan Village, Yazi Town, Rushan City, Shandong Province to inherit his glorious deeds.
In the movie " Generation Grandmaster " directed by Wang Kar-wai , the prototype of "Ming Haneda" played by veteran actor Wang Qingxiang is the two masters of the martial arts world in the Republic of China, Gong Baotian and his senior brother Li Cunyi . The idea of "The Grandmaster" is to commemorate the martial arts world of that era. Friends who are interested can come and take a look.
