The Korean Peninsula is not big, and it is now divided into two countries: North Korea and South Korea, and its strength is even weaker. But even so, it cannot stop the Koreans' "ambition" and they make up a history that they don't believe in. They also regard the powerful country in Northeast Asia as their ancestors. It seems that the history of the Koreans has really not been learned well. If it weren't for the Tang Dynasty , the local regime of the Korean Peninsula, Silla, defeated Goguryeo and established the first regime to unify the Korean Peninsula. I'm afraid that the northern part of the Korean Peninsula today, and even the entire Korean Peninsula, are still within the territory of China.
Because Goguryeo and the later Goryeo dynasty in Korea were only one word different, many people confused it. Goguryeo is a branch of the people of Fuyu. It is complicated to trace the origin and flow upwards, but no matter how you trace it, you can't get the knot in the Northeast. They are authentic Northeastern people. The Goryeo Dynasty was a regime established by native Koreans and had nothing to do with Goguryeo. As for North Korea, its origins were far earlier than Goguryeo and Goryeo. There is a saying in " Mountains and Seas Jing " that "North Korea is in Lieyang, north of the East China Sea, south of the Mountains; Lieyang belongs to Yan". At this time, "North Korea" was just a place name, which means "the place where the sunrise in the east" was ".
Before Goguryeo, the northern part of the Korean Peninsula experienced three stages: Jizi North Korea , Weiman North Korea and Han County. Jizi Korea was built after the fall of the Shang Dynasty. Uncle Zhou King 2 led his troops north to Liaodong . In the early years of the Han Dynasty, King Yan, Lu Wan, rebelled, and Emperor Gaozu of Han, sent troops to conquer, and Lu Wan fled to the Huns. The Yan people Wei Man gathered more than a thousand trusted people to flee to North Korea, and then the birds occupied the dove's nest and built the guards. Under the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, the Han Dynasty was strong and its territory was expanded from all sides. Weiman and North Korea were unhappy at this time, so they often accommodated the exiled people in the Han area, and also hindered small countries such as the neighboring Zhenfan to trade and pay tribute to the Han Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Wu of Han sent troops to directly destroy Weiman Korea, and set up Lelang County, , Xuantu County, Zhenfan County, and Lintun County, which were known in history as the "Four counties of Han".
Han four counties
From Jizi Korea to Han four counties, the Korean Peninsula is dominated by China, and only a small part of the south is the territory of the native Koreans. Around the same time as the four Han counties, the locals in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula established three tribal alliances: , Mahan , Chen, Han and Byehan, known in history as the Three Koreans.
In the first year of Jianzhao (37 BC), the leader of the Goguryeo people, Zhu Meng, founded the country and was a subordinate to the Han Dynasty. Xinmang When Wang Mang forced Goguryeo to change its name to "Xiao Juli", Goguryeo was dissatisfied and a war broke out with Xinmang. When the Han Dynasty changed, Goguryeo took the opportunity to occupy Liaodong and northern Korea, breaking away from the Han Dynasty's rule, and was later defeated by Eastern Han . In the first year of Jingchu (237 AD), Gongsun Yuan, who was separating Liaodong, joined forces with the Eastern Wu and established himself as the King of Yan. Emperor Ming of Wei Cao Rui sent Sima Yi to attack. After Sima Yi pacified Gongsun Yuan, he moved all the population of Liaodong to the Central Plains. Goguryeo took the opportunity to dominate Liaodong and sent troops to attack the eastern and western parts of Liao, but was defeated back to its original form by Cao Wei . When the Five Barbarians invaded China, Goguryeo rose again, but was beaten up by Former Yan Murong Xianbei. Later, when Fu Jian destroyed the Former Yan, Goguryeo recovered. Around the same time, a member of the Fuyu people went south and joined forces with Mahan to establish Baekje. Chen Han absorbed Benhan and established the Silla Kingdom. The Korean Peninsula began to enter the era of Goguryeo, , Baekje , and Silla.
Former Three Kingdoms
After the Battle of Feishui, the Former Qin Dynasty perished, the north was in chaos again, and Goguryeo seized the opportunity to expand again. Northern Wei In the second year of Taiyan (436), the Northern Wei destroyed Northern Yan, and the king of Northern Yan, Feng Hong escaped into Goguryeo and was grandly received by Goguryeo. Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuobatao asked Goguryeo for it, and Goguryeo relied on its strong national strength and ignored it. Seeing that the two countries were at a strife, they were going to do a big fight. Feng Hong was still dying and still spoke wildly when he was living under someone else's roof, insulting Goguryeo. This move angered King Goguryeo, killed Feng Hong and had a good relationship with the Northern Wei Dynasty. Until the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, both countries maintained good relations.During this period, Goguryeo relied on the support of the Great Northeast hinterland to form a crushing force against Baekje and Silla, becoming a powerful country that dominated Liaodong and dominated North Korea.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Emperor Wen of Sui and Emperor Yang of Sui , Emperor Yang of Sui , Emperor Taizong of Tang , Emperor Gaozong of Tang , and Emperor Gaozong of Tang The two dynasties and four dynasties launched a large-scale conquest for Goguryeo. On the one hand, the Liaodong occupied by Goguryeo and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula are both homelands of the Han Dynasty and are to be taken back. On the other hand, Goguryeo's strength cannot be underestimated. If it is not eliminated at the moment, it will inevitably cause future troubles.
Although the Liaodong occupied by Goguryeo is a bitter and cold place, it has been suppressed by the Huns in the west and the Han Dynasty in the south. But as long as you have the opportunity to take over the western Liaoning next door, the situation will be very different. The Liaohe Plain in western Liaoning is suitable for agriculture and animal husbandry, and it is a Feng Shui treasure land. Go south further and pass through , Liaoxi Corridor, , is the North China Plain. Therefore, once the corridor in western Liaoning was lost, the Central Plains dynasty had no danger to defend except for withdrawing from the west to Guanzhong and going south to Jianghuai.
After the northern ethnic groups occupied the North China agricultural zone, the Central Plains dynasty was not facing the nomadic cavalry that came and went like the wind and left after robbing. It is a powerful regime with both the strong nomadic peoples and the national strength of the farming regime. After the Tang Dynasty, Khitan , Jin Dynasty, Manchu all rose in the northeast. Mongolia also destroyed Southern Song after obtaining the hometown of the Jin Kingdom. Therefore, Emperor Wen of Sui, Emperor Yang of Sui, Emperor Taizong of Tang, and Emperor Gaozong of Tang did not want to see a strong country in the Northeast, and he was determined to destroy Goguryeo.
On the Korean Peninsula, Baekje and Silla, which were originally weak, jointly dealt with Goguryeo. But in the mid-6th century, the two countries broke up, and Silla suddenly turned his gun to attack Baekje, expelling Baekje from the Hanjiang basin. After suffering losses, Baekje immediately joined forces with Goguryeo to attack Silla and called Japan across the sea. Silla was beaten to a terrible surprise and hurriedly called for help from the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, the Tang Dynasty finally destroyed Goguryeo, and at the same time destroyed Baekje, and taught Japan a lesson.
After Goguryeo was pacified, the Tang army occupied the former places of Goguryeo and Baekje, established Anton Protectorate and took Fangzhou to directly manage it. Now Silla was unhappy again and turned to support the old enemy Baekje and Goguryeo to restore the country to expel the Tang Dynasty's military presence on the Korean Peninsula. As the contradiction gradually became public, a war broke out between Tang and Silla. At this time, the Tang Dynasty's military power on the Korean Peninsula formed a crushing situation on Silla, and Silla's move was tantamount to causing trouble. However, Silla was extremely lucky this time, and Tubo Tubo seized Anxi in the northwest forcing the Tang Dynasty to move its main force to the northwest. After Silla got the advantage, he quickly acted good and relied on Tang. The Tang Dynasty did not hit people with a smile and recognized Silla's jurisdiction over the entire Korean Peninsula. Since then, northern Korea and Liaodong have been separated by one-size-fits-all approach, and the Korean Peninsula has gradually established an independent regime.
Sila Kingdom
In the mid-ninth century, Tang Dynasty Empire was in turmoil, and the Huang Chao Uprising Army swept across the country. In Silla, peasant uprisings were also in full swing. In 900, Zhen Xuan, the leader of the Peasant Uprising Army in Shangzhou, claimed to be the King of Baekje and built the Baekje country in Baekje. A year later, the monk Gongren also took the banner of reviving Goguryeo, established the capital in Songyue and became the king, and established the country as Goryeo. Gongyan was the illegitimate son of King Xian'an, the 47th generation of Silla (some say it was a civilian origin), but the Gongyan occupied the homeland of Goguryeo in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. In order to rename the subjects, Gongyan claimed to be the descendant of the Goguryeo King Baode who defected to Silla when Goguryeo was destroyed. So the Korean Peninsula entered the post-Three Kingdoms era when , post-baekje , Goryeo and the remaining Silla were joined. In the three kingdoms after
, although Goryeo has no support from the heart of Liaodong, its strength is still the first of the Three Kingdoms, and the archers are most likely to unify North Korea. However, the Gongren was suspicious of killing, which led to the betrayal of his relatives and made wedding dresses for his generals, Wang Jian . After Wang Jian ascended the throne, he also called himself the successor of Goguryeo, and eventually destroyed Baekje and Silla, unifying the Korean Peninsula.
Post-Three Kingdoms era
In the late Southern Song Dynasty, Mongolia rose and killed all directions in Eurasia. In order to protect himself, Goryeo bowed in front of the Mongolian , giving whatever he wanted, and finally retained the regime.Under the rule of Mongolia, the King of Goryeo married a Mongolian princess, used Mongolian names, wore Mongolian clothing, and was addicted to hunting, etc., which was completely Mongolianized. After the demise of the Yuan Dynasty, Goryeo still formed an alliance with the remaining forces of the Northern Yuan Dynasty to invade Liaodong. In 1388, the King of Goryeo invaded Liaodong with an army of 40,000. At this time, anyone with discerning eyes could see that the Ming Dynasty was booming, and being an enemy with it was tantamount to death. The army reached the Yalu River. The vanguard leader Li Chenggui led the crowd to rebel and returned, launched a coup and proclaimed himself king in 1392.
After Li Chenggui ascended the throne, he immediately changed his course and sent an envoy to the Ming Dynasty, "Please change the name of the country with 'Korean' and 'Hanning', and ask for the sage to be sentenced." Ming Taizu ruled for it: "The name of Dongyi is only called "Korea" and its origin is far away. You can follow its name and ancestor it." Then he named the country "Korea", and North Korea has thus changed from a geographical noun to a national name.
After the Opium War , the Qing Dynasty was weak and Japan jumped to the dominant position of Northeast Asia. In 1895, the Qing Dynasty lost 1895, and North Korea was seized by Japan, and the vassal relationship between China and North Korea ended with thousands of years. In 1897, North Korea's Gaozong Lee Hee officially became emperor, with the country name Korean Empire , marking the complete independence of the Korean Peninsula. But just 13 years later, South Korea was completely annexed by Japan. When China and the Korean Peninsula intersect again, it was already 40 years later that it was the resistance to U.S. aggression and aid Korea. In this battle of founding a new China, the Chinese volunteer army was fighting proudly. But for North Korea and South Korea, they have just become pawns in the game of great powers, which has dealt a serious blow to the national self-esteem of both countries. De-Sinicization has become a political means to promote independence.
Korean Empire Flag
Objectively speaking, although Chinese culture occupies an important position in North Korea's history. But the culture of the Korean Peninsula is not just a simple copy and paste of Chinese culture, but a history of continuous integration of Chinese culture and local Korean culture. Take the writing for example. Although Koreans admired the sinicization in ancient times, there were only a very small number of upper-class elites who could truly master Chinese characters. Because the pronunciation and grammatical structure of Chinese characters are incompatible with the native Korean language. There are two language systems parallel to writing and speaking, which is very unfavorable for the lower class to learn and master. So Korean scholars added many Korean factors to Chinese to create a unique Chinese character system, which is similar to Japanese. However, in order to promote their national consciousness, the Koreans abandoned the Korean characters they had finally created and chose Xunmin Zhengyin (also known as proverb) as national characters.
Xunmin Zhengyin is a Korean language created by Li Sheng and his son Wen Zong, the fifth king, Li Sheng. To put it bluntly, this thing is pinyin, although it realizes the combination of writing and speaking. But it has nothing to do with Korean Chinese characters. The ancient historical books of North Korea are all written in Korean Chinese characters, and Korean Chinese characters have long been deeply integrated into the history and culture of the Korean Peninsula. It is understandable to emphasize national independence, but to push back all the cultural foundations of one's own is an overcorrection.
