"A Brief History of the First Kingdom", compiled by Qian Qianyi , is a long historical material that records the competition between heroes at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty. It was compiled around the sixth year of Tianqi in Ming Dynasty (1626), with a total of fifteen volumes.
This book reveals the characteristics of peasant uprisings incited by religious organizations and folk songs . The book describes the Han Shantong when gathering in groups, the banner of Maitreya is used. Volume 1 quotes "History of Yuan Dynasty·The Chronicle of Emperor Shun": "It advocates chaos in the world, and the birth of Maitreya Buddha, and the ignorant people in Henan and Jianghuai all believed it." It also quotes "Gengshen Foreign Histories" to talk about the response of the Red Army in Yingchuan: "The name is Xiangjun , which is named after burning incense and ceremonial Maitreya." It spread to Xu and Huai, " Ming Taizu's Records ": " Xiaoxian Li Er and Lao Peng and Zhao Jun used the rebellion to capture Xuzhou 4;" "Li Er sesame li also rebelled by burning incense and gathering people." Qian's extracted the historical material "Gengshen Foreign Histories" and said: "Xu Zhenyi, Luotian County, Qizhou, was named Shouhui, and Macheng people Zou Pusheng and others used magic tricks to gather people, so they raised troops to cause chaos, and also used Red Turban as the number." But religion only played an organizational and reunion role. What really incited the mass anti-Yuan frenzy was the prophecy that appeared in the form of folk songs. Volume 1 quotes " Caomuzi ": "Han Shantong and others cheated and carved stones, stopped a glance, and engraved their backs and said, "Don't say that stones have one eye, this thing will rebel when it comes out of the world. ’” Also quoted "Sequel to the History of Yuan Dynasty": "In the year of Gengyin (1350), the nursery rhyme in Henan and northern China says: 'The stone man has one eye, provoking Yellow River The world is in opposition. ’” Also excerpted from “Gengjia’s Foreign Historian”: “In the 11th year of Zhizheng (1351), the nursery rhyme in Sui'an, Puzhou said: ‘The eyes of the stone Buddha were dug, and Muzi rebelled at that time. '" The prophecy of the Stone Man in the book is a folk song that is popular in northern Henan and Xu Huai, which is consistent with the area of the rebellion of the Northern Red Turban Army. It is also consistent with the Qian preface: "Yuan lost his deer, cut down the wood and lifted up the pole, fish and fox shouted the disciples, Ru, Ying Xianming, Huai, Xu Xiangying, Haocheng ( Guo Zixing ) from afar" and "Haocheng ( Guo Zixing ) from afar" and "Haocheng ( Guo Zixing ) from afar" to confirm each other. At the same time, this book can more objectively reflect the role of the Red Turban Army and the success of Zhu Yuanzhang and the failure of other heroes. In the "Pingzhou Bang" released by Zhu Yuanzhang 1 year before he ascended the throne, he scolded the Red Turban Army for "burning the city and killing the men and men", but "Story" affirmed that the Red Turban Army was able to clear the road barriers for Zhu Yuanzhang's rise. Volume 1 quotes "The Emperor of the Ming Dynasty raised an army and crossed the river to seize the road. Since the Red Turban Demons launched a rebellion, the counties and counties in the north and south were all destroyed, so , Ming was taken. "The "Yueshan Congtan" also records Li Wenfeng's 3 Historical Theory : "The Han father and son, the monarch and ministers revolt, calling on the world, and the world's clouds responded. The heroes compete together, and they coincide. However, at that time, based on Henan, Shandong, Zhao, Wei, and Shangdu, they entered , Liaodong, , and went to Guanxi, and went to Jiangnan. They were mostly generals of the Song Dynasty, which was not called Tang and Wu of China. "
The book also quoted "The Chronicles of the Imperial Ming Dynasty", saying that Zhu captured Jinhua , and established the second big yellow flag at the provincial gate, two beside two cards. The book on the flag says: "The mountains and rivers are dying, and the sun and moon reopen the Song Dynasty. "The book says: "The sun and the moon open the ecliptics in the nine heavens, and the country of Song Dynasty regained the treasure map. "It also records Ye Ziqi's "Jingzhai Collection of Essays", and Ye wrote Sun Yan's book in Chuzhou. Its eight outlines: "The righteousness of Yi is to clear the original; the wise and wise are to be simplified to be the heroic achievements; the uprightness of integrity is to be the revolutionary style of corruption; the filial piety is to be the principal; the redemption of officials is to be the only one's power; the regular punishment is to be rewarded to be the best; the severity of power is to be the same; the severity of power is to be used to test the productivity is to be equal to the taxes and service. "Although Zhu Yuanzhang did not value Ye's family, his future governance was basically handled accordingly. Regarding the failure of Zhang Shicheng's and Zhang Shicheng's among the heroes, the "Records of the Ming Taizu" said: Shi Xin (Shicheng's younger brother) "The army carried women and musical instruments, and the matter was to be a banquet for the throne. All generals often follow this, so they are defeated. "The "Farmland Yu Talk" also said: "Zhang's family... has grown up a house, decorated the garden and pond, accumulated voices, bought pictures, and the folk stones and famous trees will surely be robbed. There are more than a hundred people in the back room of the Guodi Shixin, and they are learning the Demon Dance Team. When collecting lotus in the garden, the boats and owls are made by Shen Tan, and the officials often spend a thousand stones of banquets. "But it also reflects Zhang Shicheng and others' fear of the divine power. The book quotes " Zuogenglu " and says: "The Buddha statue of Chengtian Temple is destroyed ( Suzhou ) is the royal palace, and Yipingkou Road is Longping County. "The "Pingwu Lu" also quoted: "Push the Buddha statue, sit on the main hall, and shoot three arrows on the building." All of them are.
4. The shortcoming of this book is to promote Destiny Theory . Especially when discussing Zhu Yuanzhang's proclaim to the emperor, he was even more popular. The book quotes the nursery rhymes recorded in "Gengshen Foreign Histories": "Don't raise a building for a wealthy man, and do not raise a house for a poor man, but look at the year of Yang'er, it is the country of Wu." The year of Yang'er is Dingwei, and in the 17th year of Zhizheng (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang established his capital Jiankang , "The suburbs received the order", "Isn't it true?" In the quote of Ye Ziqi's "Jingzhai Collection of Essays": "If you are in China, you should cultivate virtue to respond to heaven." In the quote of Liu Chen's "The First Deeds of the Country": "The will of heaven is burning, and it is clear to me. Alas, the rise of the emperor is not a destiny." In the quote of Li Wenfeng's historical theory, he said: "The destiny of heaven has virtue, the real person has a dragon to prosper, and the destiny of the tripod is established to build health." There are many such statements about destiny of heaven.
