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There are many powerful generals in the People's Liberation Army. Some of them studied abroad and devoted themselves to the revolution, such as Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, and some of them graduated from the famous school Whampoa Military Academy , such as Chen Geng.
Among many generals, Su Yu is the only general who has never attended a military academy in one day and has been awarded the title of general only by relying on the tempering of the war.
Su Yu is an ever-winning general in the People's Liberation Army. During the War of Liberation, the people in the Su-zhong and regions posted couplets during the New Year: Chairman Mao is prosperous, and Commander Su wins in battles.
This shows that Su Yu has extremely high ability to command operations. However, during the War of Liberation, Su Yu mobilized his troops to surround the main force of Chiang Kai-shek's trump card, but Chairman Mao called to ask for a quick retreat. After the troops left the battle, Su Yu also called the Chairman to apologize. What kind of war is
that made Chairman Mao order the abandonment of annihilation of the enemies that were already in the encirclement? Why did Su Yu apologize to Chairman Mao afterwards?
Today we will take a look at the battle that is not large in scale, but is a very important one - Nanma Battle .
famous generals of the National Army, the army that fought against the Nanma Battle for the first time was the 11th Division of the Kuomintang Army, and one of Chiang Kai-shek's five main forces.
The general who can command Chiang Kai-shek's main ace must also be a famous general. He is a first-class general of the Kuomintang Army and an outstanding graduate of the fourth period of Huangpu - Hu Lian .
Under Chiang Kai-shek's employment guidelines, "It is better to use slaves than talents" was the most normal within the Kuomintang military command system at that time.
So in the senior command of the Kuomintang military system, people like Chen Cheng , Gu Zhutong , etc. all took advantage of boasting about Chiang Kai-shek's wisdom and wisdom to take power.
But Hu Lian is an exception. His military command ability is very strong, causing great casualties to our army during the War of Liberation. Chairman Mao commented on him in this way: he is as cunning as a fox and as fierce as a tiger.
Hu Lian started his career in the 11th Division, and this unit is the main division of the 18th Army of . The 18th Army was formed by Chen Cheng, and it was the first-class army in the Kuomintang army during the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Most of the military aid from the United States and the Soviet Union received by Chiang Kai-shek during the War of Resistance against Japan and were used in the 18th Army.
On the battlefield of Songhu, the 18th Army fought with the Japanese army for more than a month. Japan's arrogant words that threatened to "destroy China in three months" became an international joke because of this.
In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Hu Lian, as the deputy commander of the 11th Division, participated in this war to save the country and the people.
The Shipai Battle in 1943 was Hu Lian's highlight moment. As the commander of the 11th Division and the deputy commander of the 18th Army, Hu Lian defended the Shipai Fortress to death, and finally annihilated the Japanese army with reinforcements.
After this battle, Hu Lian became famous in the Kuomintang army.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party held peaceful negotiations, and the famous Double Ten Agreement was signed during this period. But Chiang Kai-shek was determined to launch a civil war in , and soon after, he brazenly sent troops to attack the liberated areas.
The focus of his attack was Shandong. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that those who won the Central Plains won the world. In order to win the Central Plains, Chiang Kai-shek also pushed all his family to the Shandong battlefield.
In order to capture the People's Liberation Army's liberated areas in Shandong, Chiang Kai-shek sent three major ace main forces to attack the strategic points - Linyi .
Zhang Lingfu 's 74th Division, Hu Lian's 11th Division, and Huang Baitao 's 25th Division were the main forces of the attack of the third route and advanced towards Linyi City.
In order to avoid the enemy's edge, Su Yu proposed the strategic concept of "fighting south and north", voluntarily gave up Linyi, and the troops retreated north, looking for fighter jets on the northern line, and annihilated the vital forces of the Kuomintang army.
. Because of the "capturing" Linyi, senior generals all believed that Su Yu had been defeated and the People's Liberation Army in central China was vulnerable.
Under Chen Cheng's command, the Kuomintang divided into four armies on the battlefield of the Central Soviet Union and encircled the People's Liberation Army. In the fourth line of attack, Hu Lian's 11th Division and Dai Zhiqi's 69th Division were the strongest in combat.
Our army has always adopted a combat plan to lure the enemy into depth, fight the weak enemy first, and isolate the strong enemy, which made Dai Zhiqi relax his vigilance.
Because the Kuomintang achieved the so-called "Linyi Victory", the 69th Division became even more arrogant. In order to strive for military achievements, Dai Zhiqi rushed and fought fiercely, and once left the 11th Division to act alone.
But as a long-time general on the battlefield, Hu Lian knew that our army had not suffered much casualties, so the 11th Division advanced very cautiously and tried to keep a distance that could be supported by friendly troops for about half a day.
Therefore, Dai Zhiqi and Hu Lian's army distanced about 110 kilometers. Su Yu then sent troops to siege Dai Zhiqi's troops and annihilate it.
Dai Zhiqi, who was deeply encircled, urgently asked Hu Lian for help, hoping that Hu Lian could "pull him". Hu Lian was afraid that the People's Liberation Army was besieging the city to fight for assistance and was moving very slowly.
Then, the upper levels of the Kuomintang issued an order to Hu Lian that Dai Zhiqi's 69th Division must be rescued. Because of Hu Lian's hesitation, the People's Liberation Army had enough time to block and deploy.
Hu Lian, who received the order to attack again, was stubbornly blocked by the People's Liberation Army. Subsequently, Su Yu ordered the blocking troops to launch a counterattack, making Hu Lian mistakenly believe that the People's Liberation Army was a tactic of surrounding the point and attacking aid.
In order to protect himself, Hu Lian ordered a retreat, and the People's Liberation Army finally attacked Dai Zhiqi's command center. Dai Zhiqi raised his gun and committed suicide, and the rest of the officers were all captured.
fights Meng Lianggu with bloody battles, and the second time
After annihilated Dai Zhiqi's troops, Central China Military Region temporarily gained a breathing opportunity, but the overall situation is still under the attack of the Kuomintang's north and south.
However, this battle allowed a few senior Kuomintang officials such as Hu Lian to see the strength of the PLA. After all, Dai Zhiqi's 69th Division was Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army, and its weapons and equipment were also American weapons.
Under Su Yu's command, the People's Liberation Army won many victories and seized a large amount of Kuomintang equipment.
Su Yu's combat is flexible and changeable. The Central China Field Army he commanded was to seize replacement equipment and to capture and supplement the troops, realizing the miracle of fighting with war in modern warfare.
Faced with the Kuomintang's large-scale attack on Shandong, the People's Liberation Army also prepared a big move. Su Yu and Chen Yi decided to take the general's head from the Wanjun Cong.
The four routes of the Kuomintang army did not have weak brigades in the attack, and they could only provide support for each other in about a day, and the distance between the two routes on the edge was shorter.
However, Zhang Lingfu, the commander of the 74th Division of the Kuomintang’s first ace, was arrogant. Except for Chiang Kai-shek and his old boss, , Wang Yaowu, , all other bosses could not command him.
Because of Zhang Lingfu's arrogance, many generals also resented him deeply. In order to greed for merit, the 74th Master has emerged about 10 kilometers in a trend of progressing side by side.
It is precisely because of these ten kilometers that Zhang Lingfu got to Menglianggu.
Subsequently, Su Yu mobilized the main force of the entire Central China Military Region and attacked Zhang Lingfu's reorganized 74th Division with a five-fold force of more than 270,000 troops.
In order to ensure the insurance, Su Yu sent the Sixth Column of the famous general Wang Bicheng to attack Zhang Lingfu's retreat - Duozhuang.
Since then, the siege of Zhang Lingfu was completed. Chiang Kai-shek learned that Zhang Lingfu was surrounded and quickly held a military meeting.
Under Chiang Kai-shek's dispatch of troops, 450,000 Kuomintang troops, including Hu Lian's reorganization of the 11th Division, implemented an anti-encirclement of the People's Liberation Army. Since then, this battle that has been recorded in history has begun.
Reorganized 74th Division is worthy of being the first ace force of the Kuomintang. It can still defend its position under the repeated attacks of the four main columns of the People's Liberation Army, and caused large casualties to the People's Liberation Army.
, while Hu Lian was ordered to attack and advance along the highway to rescue Zhang Lingfu's 74th Division.
The 11th Division is only more than ten miles away from Menglianggu, and three hours is enough for the army to run back and forth. Moreover, the 11th Division is also a mechanized division, and its equipment is no less than that of the 74th Division.
However, the East China Field Army had only one column, and there were relatively few heavy weapons .
Such a large-scale battle, four columns were the main attack, and the rest of the troops were all used to block reinforcements.
This is also one of the few battles in the Central Plains War Zone, where there are far more troops blocking and supporting than the main attacking troops.
must succeed in blocking the enemy's aid, otherwise it would not be Huaye's encirclement and annihilation of the enemy, but the enemy's center will bloom and attack from all directions.
Although there was only one column of troops, the commander of the Third Column still led the soldiers to launch a tenacious blockade against Hu Lian's reorganized 11th Division.
Hu Lian failed to succeed in several attacks, and then called on the Air Force to provide support. Under the bombardment for several hours, the troops suffered heavy casualties. They reported the situation to their superiors and applied for reinforcements.
However, the war in Menglianggu was in full swing, and Su Yu had no troops to adjust, so he could only order that he must defend the enemy. With the determination to die, the Third Column once again withstood the attack of the 11th Division.
Hu Lian was very shocked and seriously doubted how many people were in the People's Liberation Army's position.
Just as the position was about to break through, a regiment commander suddenly found that there were many People's Liberation Army marching behind his position.
After learning of the crisis, the regiment commander reported to the upper level and led the team into the position to conduct a blocking battle.
In a day and night of battle, Hu Lian's 11th Division never made any progress.
Then, Zhang Lingfu's reorganized 74th Division was wiped out, and Hu Lian's reorganized 11th Division also retreated. In this battle of
, Hu Lian had a deeper understanding of the PLA's combat capabilities. Although he still devalued the PLA, his subsequent military operations became more cautious.
Nanma fierce battle, and the offensive was blocked
After Zhang Lingfu's reorganized 74th Division was wiped out, the entire Kuomintang top leaders were shocked, and Chiang Kai-shek was also furious.
was then dismissed from Li Tianxia , who had poor support, Huang Baitao of the 25th Division was sentenced to prison, and all the other lower-level officers were punished.
Su Yu was also very happy about this victory, and the morale of the entire Central Plains Field Army was greatly boosted.
With this battle, the East China Field Army reversed the situation in one fell swoop and changed from passive defense to active attack.
The five major aces of the Kuomintang, the New First Army and New Sixth Army are in the Northeast battlefield, the 18th Army and Fifth Army are in the Shandong battlefield, and the reorganized 74th Division has been eliminated.
In order to alleviate the pressure on the Northeast battlefield and the Shandong battlefield, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping led their troops to cross the Yellow River south, and leaped into the Dabie Mountains area for thousands of miles.
This time, the division of troops has reduced the strength of the People's Liberation Army north of the Yellow River to a certain extent.
When Chiang Kai-shek learned that Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng's troops were approaching the Dabie Mountains, he urgently mobilized troops from the Central Plains battlefield to pursue and sent Xuzhou 's corps to intercept.
At that time, the commander of Xuzhou was originally Du Yuming , but unfortunately, Du Yuming was transferred everywhere by Chiang Kai-shek to put out the fire, and the position of commander-in-chief of Xuzhou was given to the "Pig General" - Liu Zhi .
Liu Zhi was a little unsophisticated, but he had never fought any decent battles. He was able to hold a high position, all his words were wise.
It is naturally difficult for him to stop Liu and Deng's army from going south, and the People's Liberation Army also needs to stop his pursuit troops in order to cooperate with Liu and Deng's army from going south.
After the East China Field Army completely wiped out Zhang Lingfu's 74th Division, its morale was greatly boosted, and its original cooperative combat became an annihilation of the enemy.
The troops Su Yu chose to attack this time were Hu Lian's reorganized 11th Division, another trump card main force of Chiang Kai-shek.
At that time, Hu Lian was ordered to launch an offensive operation against in central China and cooperate with the other Kuomintang troops to pursue Liu and Deng's army. On July 8, 1947, the reorganized 11th Division occupied Nanmacheng.
Soon, Hu Lian alertly discovered Su Yu's intention. After all, the two battles ended in a crushing defeat of the Kuomintang army, and Hu Lian had no idea of underestimating the enemy.
Under Chiang Kai-shek's order, the 11th Division must defend Nanmacheng and wait for reinforcements to carry out an anti-encirclement of the People's Liberation Army.
In order to defend the south Macheng , Hu Lian built a large number of bunkers, mother-child forts, and other defensive fortifications outside the city.
A large number of barbed wire and trenches were set up outside the bunker to block the People's Liberation Army's attack.
In order to better see the People's Liberation Army's offensive strategy, Hu Lian ordered all the trees within 500 meters outside Nanma City to be cut down, and all the cut wood was used to build fortifications.
Since it is a mechanized corps, Hu Lian's 11th Division has many tanks and . In order to better defense, Hu Lian placed these tanks around the bunker for concealment.
Once the PLA breaks through the barbed wire, the tank can become a mobile firepower point to kill the PLA.
On July 17, the Second, Sixth and Ninth Columns of Huaye carried out a siege against Nanmacheng. After the battle of
started, the three columns began to launch fierce attacks on the 11th Division of the Kuomintang. As a blocking force and a reserve force, the Seventh Column is ready to enter the battle at any time. The attack lasted for a whole day, and a large number of strongholds outside Nanma City were captured by the People's Liberation Army.
Although the PLA's weapons and equipment are very different from the 11th Division, this attack was three times that of the enemy's troops. The commanders of the three main columns that
are Xu Shiyou, Wei Guoqing and Wang Bicheng. Whether it is the general or the soldiers, they are brave and good at fighting in the People's Liberation Army. In the case of
, Su Yu believed that he would be able to conquer the 11th Division in one to two days.
But Hu Lian's 11th Division is also Chiang Kai-shek's trump card. Chiang Kai-shek just lost the reorganized 74th Division, and the reorganized 11th Division will never give up.
Under Chiang Kai-shek's urging, Huang Baitao's 25th Division, Wang Lingyun's 9th Division, 64th Division and 75th Division provided support to Nanmacheng, attempting to encircle on all sides and annihilate the main force of Huaye.
Hu Lian knew the power of the East China Field Army. When the war started, he asked Chiang Kai-shek for help and sent planes and tanks to counterattack the People's Liberation Army, causing huge casualties to the People's Liberation Army.
Just as the People's Liberation Army was attacking deeper, heavy rain fell from the sky to hinder the People's Liberation Army's attack. At dawn on the 19th, the rain was getting heavier and heavier, triggering mountain torrents and blocking the road.
In this way, the PLA's logistics support was interrupted, and the ammunition was also damp and unable to use due to long soaking in the rain.
's subsequent attack became very weak, and the large number of bunkers built by Hu Lian before the war also caused a large number of casualties to our attacking troops at this time.
Without the support of heavy weapons and explosive packs, the People's Liberation Army needs to pay a huge price to conquer a bunker, and there is only one squad in a bunker.
Chairman ordered Hu Lian to escape
Despite this, the People's Liberation Army did not give up the attack. From the 19th to the 20th, the soldiers attacked the enemy's bunker group with their flesh and blood.
The most fierce attack was Xu Shiyou's Ninth Column, because the attack was the most fierce, and the cross firepower of the reorganized 11th Division was also the most fierce counterattack against the Ninth Column.
Due to heavy rains for several days, soldiers of the East China Field Army have been attacking for three days and three nights without proper rest.
Su Yu at the command center had not closed his eyes for three days and three nights, and was anxiously thinking about the attack strategy.
At this time, a call interrupted Su Yu's anxious thoughts. The 7th Column reported that on July 20, Huang Baitao's 25th Division broke through the defensive position of the 7th Column and provided support to Nanmacheng.
attacks are blocked and defenses are broken. The attacking troops of the East China Field Army will soon be attacked from both sides.
But Hu Lian's 11th Division is at the end of his strength. Although the People's Liberation Army suffered a lot of casualties, Hu Lian's casualties were also very huge.
Su Yu immediately ordered the Guard troops and some offensive troops to pull out their troops to block Huang Baitao's 25th Division.
After a day of bloody battle, the attack on Nanmacheng still made no progress, and the original encirclement and annihilation battle turned into a tug-of-war.
At this time, the central government learned through the underground party in Xuzhou that the Kuomintang used the 11th Division as bait, and the remaining troops counter-encircled the Chinese field and gathered to annihilate it.
htmlOn the 721st, Chairman Mao personally called Su Yu and told Su Yu to retreat as soon as possible, which was a trap.
After Su Yu received the order, he ordered the troops to evacuate quickly. The three columns of Huaye retreated toward the south of Linqu County , and the Seventh Column also withdrew from the battle, and Hu Lian's 11th Division was able to escape.
The Battle of Nanma took four days and five nights, and the three major columns of the People's Liberation Army suffered heavy casualties.
Wei Guoqing's second column suffered more than 4,000 casualties, and Wang Bicheng's sixth column had about 2,500 casualties. The biggest casualties were Xu Shiyou's ninth column, with about 4,600 casualties.
The number of people killed in the East China Field Army has exceeded 4,000, which shows the tragic level of the battlefield.
After seeing the report of the Ninth Column's casualties, Xu Shiyou called Su Yu: Next time I fight, I must tear Hu Lian, this cunning fox into pieces.
, and Su Yu also took the initiative to report to the central government after the Battle of Nanma, hoping that the central government would punish him.
In the report, he admitted that he underestimated the strength of the 11th Division and also underestimated Hu Lian's command.
Chairman Mao comforted Su Yu, victory or defeat was common in military affairs. The main thing for a general in the army after the war was to summarize the mistakes. He should not underestimate the enemy in the next battle.
Su Yu and the commanders of each column deeply reviewed the defeat and summarized the experience for the subsequent fight between the East China Field Army and Hu Lian.
Although the Nanma Battle did not completely wipe out the reorganized 11th Division, it also caused more than 10,000 casualties to the 11th Division, which greatly damaged the 11th Division's vitality.
At the same time, this battle successfully covered Liu and Deng's army's advance towards the Dabie Mountains.
Cheng Kai-shek's four main forces are not in the Nanjing area. The threat from Liu and Deng's army to Nanjing made him need to adjust his military deployment.
Later, Huaihai Campaign kicked off, and the Kuomintang's dispersed troops deployed made it impossible to use the troops in a unified manner.
Therefore, he only had the name of an army of 800,000, but was actually sent to the encirclement of the People's Liberation Army by Chiang Kai-shek's words "I have the advantage".
Hu Lian's 11th Division was also destroyed in Shuangdui, but he himself escaped from death and fled to Taiwan with Chiang Kai-shek.
Among the senior commanders of the Kuomintang, Hu Lian is indeed a high-level battlefield commander.
In the four battles between Su Yu and Hu Lian, although Hu Lian was at a disadvantage, he could survive every time.
After the end of the Huaihai Battle, Chairman Mao shook his head and rejected Chiang Kai-shek's appointment of Huang Wei instead of Hu Lian's military use.
Su Yu also said that if the 12th Corps were commanded by Hu Lian, the victory of the Huaihai Campaign would be even more difficult.
