In September 1933, The temporary leader of the CPC Central Committee Bogu requested the Soviet Union to send special missions to the Soviet area as consultants.
, and the Soviet Union eventually sent Li De to China, , but it was precisely because of the arrival of this special envoy that the Communist Party of China was put in danger many times .
He not only caused the revolutionary bases that the Workers and Peasants Red Army to be hard-working to lose in vain, but also mistakenly commanded the fifth "anti-encirclement and suppression" , forcing Red Army to retain the revolutionary spark in the way of Long March , and lost tens of thousands of troops.
Interestingly, before returning to the Soviet Union, Li De had already experienced two marriages in China and had a son.
So, after Li De returned to the Soviet Union, how did his wife and son do?
will reveal the answer for you now.
Li De
号号号号
Before this, let’s first understand who Li De is.
Li De was originally named Otto Brau and was born in Munich, Germany in 1900.
During World War I, he had already joined German Communist Party , and participated in the creation of the Bavarian Soviet at the age of 18.
But he was wanted by his government at the age of 26. After hiding in prison for two years, Li De ran out of the prison while the prison guard was not careful, fled all the way to the Soviet Union, and began to study in the Soviet military academy.
picture source network
It was not until this time that Li De began to systematically learn revolutionary knowledge. But Li De did have some learning talent, and he participated in the war, so he graduated from the Soviet Military Academy with excellent grades.
Later, Li De was sent to China by the Soviet Union and served as military intelligence officer for the Soviet area of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, , responsible for commanding the strategy and development of the main force of the Workers and Peasants' Red Army.
Let us pull the timeline back to 1932, At this time, Li De was sent by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to work at an underground basis point in Shanghai, China.
After working in Shanghai for a year, he was sent to the Soviet area to provide guidance by the Soviet Union because of Bo Gu's request.
Bogu
933, when Li De came to Ruijin, Jiangsu as an intelligence officer for Communist International, he was warmly welcomed by Bogu.
Bo Gu not only welcomed him enthusiastically, also specially built a 100-square-meter characteristic house in Shazhouba in Ruijin to give Li De a break.
The location of this private house is very convenient. is the Political Department of the CPC Central Committee to the north, and the temporary resettlement of the CPC Central Committee to the south. There are many hidden small roads around , which is very convenient. It can be seen how much Bo Gu expects Li De.
It is in this private house that Li De commanded the extremely failed fifth "anti-encirclement and suppression" . How did he command it? It will surprise you if you say it.
pic source network
The day Li De lived in a private house, Bo Gu was suffering from not knowing how to resolve Chiang Kai-shek 's fifth "encirclement and suppression" , and his arrival made Bo Gu see the dawn of hope.
So at night, Bogu went to Li De with the drawings, and roughly told him about the current situation of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the difficulties that he was about to face. He hoped that he could come up with a solution and command the military operations with full authority. .
I don’t know how confident he is. After listening to Bo Gu’s summary, formulated a “short attack” counterattack tactic , without considering the actual situation of the Workers and Peasants’ Red Army at all.
Plus he was looking at the map to command the "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaign, so every night, a special person would send him a telegram from the front line. He used pencils on the number of people, geographical location, counterattack methods, etc. on the telegram. Draw on the map.
Bogu
Regularly speaking, this is no problem , after all, maps are necessary when directing.
But the bad thing is that Li De used one-tenth of a hundred thousand map , which is not an internationally common military map. It can be imagined that if the offensive position is outlined on this map, the result will definitely be Ended in failure.
But Li De, an outstanding graduate of the Soviet Military Academy, does not understand this. Not only does he not understand, but he even doesn’t understand it.
Bogu blindly obeyed to Li De, issued orders completely according to tactics, and required commanders such as Peng Dehuai and Zhu De to enforce these orders.
picture source network
If only the geographical location is wrong, it will be fine . If the counterattack really reaches the most critical moment, the tactics can still change a little.
But Li De not only acts chaotic in tactics, but also in the deployment of the army.
He never considers the weather and time during combat, and will only mechanically ask the soldiers to do as he said. Sometimes his plan makes the soldiers not even have time to eat and rest, let alone change the planned time. Now.
Someone gave him an opinion, and he even took the official position to suppress others and would often remove others from their posts.
picture source network
Therefore, under the will of Li De and Bo Gu, the many battles of the Red Army, including the fifth "anti-encirclement and suppression", all failed, and the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army almost fell into a desperate situation.
But the two of them, as the culprit, did not feel any guilt at all. Not only that, They also scolded Peng Dehuai , Zhu De and others for making a fuss about and not following the arrangements of their superiors.
These two people didn’t know where they were wrong from beginning to end.
Faced with such a bad leader, the Party Central Committee re-accepted the suggestions of Chairman Mao and adopted the Long March to evacuate Soviet area in order to preserve the revolutionary fire.
Xiao Yuehua
Therefore, the Workers and Peasants' Red Army was forced to start the Long March, but unexpectedly, Li De also followed, , but he carried pots, pans, and even quilts with him.
All of us know that , even ordinary travel, the lighter the better, not to mention the strategic shift of , , there are still many difficulties and obstacles waiting for them on the road.
These things brought by Li De not only did not bring him any convenience, but is also very likely to bring him and the soldiers some unrestrained disasters.
Peng Dehuai got angry with him for the first time when he saw these things Li De brought.
Picture source network
"Comrade Li, I respect you as a talent sent by the Soviet Union. It is different from those of us in the mountains, but you have repeatedly commanded the war, making our team of soldiers who are not many more powerful? Fewer and fewer, now, we are forced to evacuate because of your wrong tactics, and you still have to rush on the road with these things. Are you going to kill all the Red Army soldiers? "
In other words, Peng Dehuai just thinks, Li De is taking everyone's "coffin" to , which is a free gift to Chiang Kai-shek.
But Li De used his identity as a Soviet intelligence officer, not only did not listen to Peng Dehuai's advice, but also suppressed him as his identity and insisted on his own.
result was really hit by Peng Dehuai.
picture source network
"Xiangjiang Battle ", the vanguard of Li De's team had already crossed the river first, clearing obstacles for the soldiers behind him, but time treasure I don't know when Chiang Kai-shek's troops will be reborn Chasing , so the soldiers behind also need to cross the river quickly.
But it is because Li De's pots and pans are difficult to carry, and he loses his temper at any time , which makes the team behind slow movements. In the end, it is caught up by Chiang Kai-shek's troops. will beat the soldiers who protect him to fight against him. It became a sieve .
But Li De still had no guilt. Not only that, he was still commanding blindly in the most critical moment, ruining the lives of tens of thousands of workers and peasants' Red Army .
If it weren't for the commander at that time who "don't defend the military order" and insisted on commanding the remaining soldiers in accordance with his own combat methods, , the remaining more than 30,000 Red Army soldiers would have been buried in Xiangjiang .
picture source network
"Xiangjiang Battle" fought for a whole five days and five nights before ending . Although it ended with victory, this victory was exchanged for the flesh and blood of more than 50,000 Red Army soldiers.
Five days of battle made the Xiangjiang River dyed red , and the soldiers' bones could not be salvaged, so they had to sink into the bottom of the river. After this battle, there was a saying among the people of Xiangjiang River.
"I haven't drunk the Xiangjiang River water for ten years, and I have never eaten Xiangjiang fish for ten years."
Li De really did a "big thing" for the Long March!
picture source network
"Xiangjiang Battle" 's tragic situation shocked the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China , so in 1935, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China temporarily convened " Zunyi Conference ".
At the meeting, The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China restored Chairman Mao’s position, established the correct leadership represented by Chairman Mao , corrected the mistakes of Yi Bogu, Li De and others, and revoked their leadership and management rights.
This time, The leadership of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army finally returned to the Chinese's own and no longer allowed to be merciless.
So how was Li De doing at this time?
He has been in China for a full six years, and not only shows the Chinese his extremely poor military ability and temper, but also shows his frivolity and disrespect to women.
Picture source network
and this starts with his first wife.
Who is his first wife? How did they meet?
Bad marriage
Li De stayed in China for six years. He had two marriages and a son . However, due to international reasons, the second wife could not follow Li De back to the Soviet Union and had to stay in China by herself. .
Now, let’s talk about Li De’s first wife first.
Xiao Yuehua
Because Li De is a Westerner, his living habits and personality are different from those of Chinese people, and he is lustful, so The reputation of him when he first came to the Soviet area was not good, and many lesbians kept their distance from him .
Once, Li De saw a lesbian with a plump and gorgeous appearance while eating. So, He hugged each other directly without knowing each other, and also expressed his love in German .
"You are my angel, the most beautiful Chinese woman I have ever seen."
This action scared the lesbian silly. He was stunned for a while before he opened Li De's arms toughly, his face flushed.
Li Lilian
"Comrade, please respect yourself! I am a family!"
Both parties can't understand each other's words, But the next day the lesbian's husband reported to his superiors and said Li De harasses his wife.
And the superiors attach great importance to the style of party members , so no matter what identity Li De is, the superiors criticized him severely.
But after criticizing, they began to worry about Li De's marriage problem again. At this time, Li De also reported to them that life needs a woman to take care of , and it is inevitable that their own life will be inconvenient.
picture source network
The Party Central Committee, in line with humanitarian concern, promised to find a partner for Li De.
So, the "work" of fell on the director of the Women's Committee Li Jianzhen . Li Jianzhen thought about it and then decided to introduce Xiao Yuehua from his fellow villager to Li De.
but Xiao Yuehua also knew his character, so he quickly refused. Apart from Li De’s style problem, age and language are also a big problem.
First of all, Li Deda Xiao Yuehua was ten years old, and secondly, both of them did not understand each other's language , and they had to translate to communicate. Finally, how could two people who had different living environments since childhood and who were disagreeable everywhere become good partners?
pic source network
But Li Jianzhen covered Xiao Yuehua with the big hat of "serving the party, the party is the life of party members". In desperation, she could only agree to Li Jianzhen's request and married Li De.
The two got along well after marriage. During the Long March, Xiao Yuehua also gave birth to a boy for Li De, named "Bu Xiao Dehua", nicknamed "Ningning" .
But the good times didn't last long. Li De's violent temper gradually appeared in the future. If had any slight upset, he would swear at Xiao Yuehua, and even punched and kicked .
He not only beats his wife at home, but also teases other lesbians when he goes out.
pic source network
Xiao Yuehua submitted a divorce application to her superiors without any possibility, and showed her injuries to Li Jianzhen.
At this time, Li Jianzhen regretted it and hugged Xiao Yuehua in pain and said: "Yuehua, I'm sorry for you! I will help you apply for divorce immediately!"
With the help of Li Jianzhen, Xiao Yuehua successfully Divorced and took Ningning away.
After staying away from the painful marriage, Xiao Yuehua was reborn. After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, she served as the director of the Hunan Provincial Transportation Hall . Later, she was promoted all the way. finally became one of the female college colleges in New China , and her second half of her life was tense. well.
Picture source network
In contrast, Li De, after the divorce, he seamlessly met the "true love" of his life Li Lilian , she is a young actor and looks really good.
Under Li De's fierce attack, Li Lilian accepted Li De's love and became his second wife.
But they only spent more than a year together, and Li De was asked to rush back to the Soviet Union as soon as possible. Li Lilian wanted to follow her, but because she did not have a passport and visa, she had to see Li De away with tears.
From then on, the two parted ways and never met again in their lives.
Picture source network
So what happened after the parting? What do you think of Li De?
Li De's ending
Li De immediately forgot Li Lilian after returning to the Soviet Union.
When they parted, they agreed to communicate with each other, and Li De also promised Li Lilian that she would be brought to the Soviet Union whenever she had the chance. But these promises eventually turned into nothing.
But Li Lilian didn't feel sad for too long. After the two lost contact for a year, she married a playwright who had been pursuing herself. Later, she became Deputy Minister of the Foreign Liaison Department of the All-China Women's Federation , always pay attention to it The physical and mental development of women and children.
And like Xiao Yuehua, she has become a new era woman.
picture source network
So what happened to Li De?
After Li De returned to Moscow, his superiors asked him to review all the mistakes he made in China .
Regarding Li De's punishment, The Soviet Union official also asked Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou's opinions , and the final punishment the Soviet Union imposed on him was: Although there was an error, he was not guilty to death, and he was given a punishment to serve as a warning to others.
So, Li De could not work in the Soviet Union, so he had to do translation work. Finally, he became the head of the Marxist-Leninister Institute in East Germany .
Picture Source Network
Li De died in East Germany in 1974 at the age of 73. After his death, the Comintern of Germany also sent him an obituary to me, missing his "contribution".
I believe everyone knows Li De’s merits and demerits very well.
Although he made irreparable mistakes and brought huge losses to the Red Army, he actually has a good side, and we cannot evaluate him one-sidedly.
