once said to the negative Chiang Kai-shek : "Zhu De's greatest ability is that you will never see his ability."
As the father of Red Army , Zhu De's military command ability is unquestionable. After the War of Resistance Against Japan, President Zhu was over 60 years old and basically retreated behind the scenes.
In 1946, He Long and Nie Rongzhen went on a war together and vowed to seize the North China region. However, not long after, an upset broke out on the front-line battlefield. The battle of Jining was defeated by the Kuomintang general Fu Zuoyi defeated the two marshals of our army to join forces...
At this time, Chairman Mao gave the order, General Zhu came out again and rushed to the front line.
Reflection after the war,
Since the outbreak of the full-scale civil war, the central government has formulated different combat strategies in response to the national situation. Among them, the overall goal of the North China battlefield is to open up the railway from the section of Beiping to Shijiazhuang.
If the railway runs through, the liberated areas such as Shanxi Chahe River , Shanxi Sui, Shanxi Hebei Shandong and Henan will be closely connected and echoed from the front and back.
However, this combat plan involves many troops, covering many provinces, and cannot be completed by just one person.
Fu Zuoyi
Therefore, the central government will decompose the tasks of each part, with He Long responsible for the Shanxi-Suizhou region, Nie Rongzhen responsible for the Shanxi-Cha-Hebei region, and Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Hebei-Shandong-Hebei-Hebei-Shandong-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-Hebei-0, so the central government will decompose the tasks of each part, and Hebei-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Suizhou-Sui
However, not long after, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping received the task of going south to fight, and the battlefield in North China was fully responsible for He Long and Nie Rongzhen.
1946, after careful deployment, Marshal He Long and Marshal Nie Rongzhen led the army to launch the first attack on Datong, Shanxi, an important town in North China.
Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to the northwest region, so he specially sent Fu Zuoyi to lead the elite Kuomintang troops to assist Datong .
helong
However, due to the dispatching problems of our army and the stubborn resistance of the enemy, Datong did not take it down in time as planned.
After the war reached a deadlock, He Shuai and Nie had realized the severity of the war situation and guessed that Fu Zuoyi would lead his troops to help soon. This is true. Fu Zuoyi, who is located in Suiyuan , sent the main force of the 35th Kuomintang army to divide the troops into three groups and head to the direction of Datong.
Our army is also not afraid of danger. According to previous combat experience, we quickly formulated combat strategies for aggression, fighting against aid, annihilation of the enemy and segmentation and annihilation of the enemy in the mobile warfare.
On the one hand, our army dispersed some of its troops and planned to intercept Fu Zuoyi's reinforcements. On the other hand, some of its troops remained behind and continued to attack Datong. After the enemy's personnel were restrained at the same time, our army quickly dispatched to defeat them one by one, and the difficulties were solved.
Two marshals analyzed and guessed that there were two choices for Fu Zuoyi to rescue Datong: attack along the Zhuozishan-Jining-Datong line; bypass Jining and walk far away to save Datong directly.
According to our army's prejudice, Fu Zuoyi's troops temporarily provided support. If they chose the first route, they would definitely not send too many troops. Therefore, our army sent the First Independent Brigade of the Shanxi-Sui Military Region to defend Zhuozishan, a strategic location.
In order to prevent Fu Zuoyi and others from playing according to the routine, our army chose the most conservative combat method: concentrates a large number of troops near Datong.
To everyone's surprise, Fu Zuoyi actually sent three divisions of troops to Zhuozishan. The result is conceivable that our army is outnumbered and lost its position.
Not long after, Fu Zuoyi gave up attacking Datong and launched an attack on Jining, where our troops were empty. Although the left-behind soldiers tried their best, they did not do what they wanted.
The most powerful troops were waiting for the rabbit in Datong and did not play their greatest advantage.
Later, Fu Zuoyi, who captured Jining, led his troops to reinforce Zhangjiakou , and our army was attacked from both sides. The superposition of various factors has caused our army to be defeated.
A war, but he defeated the two marshals He Long and Nie Rongzhen at the same time.Such achievements made Fu Zuoyi, who rarely tasted the taste of victory, feel a little fluttering.
He wrote a very provocative article: "As long as Mr. Mao joins the government, if you don't mind, I am willing to be a lowest-level employee under Mr. Mao's subordinates and absolutely faithfully obey you."
Faced with Fu Zuoyi's frequent provocation, Chairman Mao just smiled slightly and waved his hand. ordered our party's publication "Liberation Daily" to reprint the Kuomintang article.
Not long after, Zhu De also personally issued an order requiring the Jinsui and Jin-Cha-Hebei military regions to read to the cadres above the company: "It is not the national army that was surrounded, defeated and annihilated, but you boasted about participating in the 25,000-mile Long March. The headquarters of He, the headquarters of Marshal Nie…”
lines were all Fu Zuoyi’s pride in defeating the two marshals of our army.
The soldiers were puzzled and let the enemy show their power. What is the intention of Chairman Mao and President Zhu’s move? Soon after, the "power" of the Kuomintang telegram gradually became apparent.
"The corpses you placed on the battlefield are at least 20,000 people. We shed tears and have buried them."
The Kuomintang, who was blinded by victory, actually used our soldiers who died in battle as a tool to show off. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Essence Such inhuman behavior completely angered the soldiers.
Since the defeat of the war, all the soldiers of our party have been dissatisfied, and their long-term accumulating anger erupted almost instantly. However, this emotion can be transformed into the courage and determination to be ready to die on the battlefield.
As Mr. Zhu said: "Please be better than provoking the general." soldiers were on high alert, and Chairman Mao believed that the counterattack had arrived.
In fact, since the failure of the Jining Battle, Chairman Mao attached great importance to this matter and personally sent Mr. Zhu to , Jin-Cha-Hebei region, to inspect the front line work, and find out the fundamental problem.
In April 1947, after receiving the order, Zhu De rushed to Jinchaji Military Region .
has been on the battlefield for a long time. Zhu De just inspected it and found the root of the war failure.
Nie Rongzhen and Marshal He Long's troops rarely get in touch, and there is also a huge gap in combat habits and strategies. On July 31, the soldiers took the lead in launching the offensive.
However, both the front and the rear face insufficient preparation. Before the main forces of the two joint forces arrived, the front-line soldiers opened fire first, and the front-line battlefield was empty. What’s even more fatal is that logistical support has not yet been improved and food and weapons cannot be supplied in time. The scattered combat troops could not turn the tide, so they could only evacuate first and wait for the large army.
However, our army's large formation attracted the attention of the enemy. They urgently dispatched troops to strengthen defense, and our army was alerting the enemy, and had lost the opportunity.
Furthermore, we made major mistakes in predicting the war situation. It is undeniable that in this battle, our soldiers underestimated the enemy when facing Fu Zuoyi. Fu Zuoyi's strategy of besieging Wei to save Zhao completely exceeded the expectations of the soldiers.
A large number of elite troops sent to Datong did not participate in the fierce war, causing wasted combat power.
The defeat in this battle, like a domino, brought irreversible decline to other wars, leading to a series of "sequelae" such as Jining and Zhangjiakou.
The root cause of the defeat has been revealed, Mr. Zhu’s next plan will also be quickly put on the agenda.
Scraping the bone to cure the poison, abolishing the accumulated problems
After many days of high-intensity combat, the soldiers were in a low mood. After Zhu De arrived, he kept repeating the enemy "People scolded us for walking 25,000 miles Long March but such a provocative discourse. is not an insult, but an inspiration to know shame and then be brave. After the provocation method was put into effect, General Zhu began to implement pacification strategies in the military region."You have won some battles, but they are a bit fragmented. You have not learned all of them yet..."
Mr. Zhu's tolerance touched the soldiers, and they also made up their minds to regain their lost ones. battlefield.
Emotional repair was completed, and Zhu De immediately solved the problem from the war level. For this reason, Zhu De held a special cadre meeting, telling the secrets of fighting an annihilation battle:
First, concentrate a large number of troops, take the initiative to launch an attack, and seize the initiative; secondly, without knowing it, he went around the enemy's flank and tail wing without realizing it. Surround it, then annihilate it, , and in this process, "courage" plays a decisive role.
Finally, our army should make rational use of the terrain, mobilize comprehensively, and completely drag down the enemy. In response to the chaotic command and organization, Zhu De decided to rebuild the leadership team.
Before this, in order to facilitate guerrilla warfare , the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region sent field columns to fight. However, several field troops fought on their own, and the results of the war did not meet expectations.
"The field troops in Jin, Cha and Ji still need to be strengthened, and a stronger field army command mechanism is needed. The field army must adapt to the needs of mobile warfare and annihilation war, making it a stronger fist," Zhu De said.
Therefore, Zhu De decided to merge the field column and re-establish the field army. The army has been established, and the next step is to find an excellent commander.
In everyone's opinion, Zhu De went to the Shanxi-Cha-Hebei Military Region with Chairman Mao's expectations. As a veteran in the army, he deserves to take over the command of the war.
However, Zhu De believed that the strength of the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region should not be underestimated. The reason for its defeat was that the army was deeply influenced by the outdated strategic ideas during the War of Resistance Against Japan and could not adapt to the formal war with the Kuomintang.
If you command halfway through, it will not fundamentally help the military region get rid of the accumulated problems. Therefore, Zhu De delegated power, and the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region was fully responsible, and he was only assisted by the side.
In response to the dereliction of duty in the failed war, Zhu De gave the most severe punishment to soldiers who violated military orders and military disciplines and acted without authorization. At the same time, he introduced fresh blood such as Yang Dezhi, Luo Ruiqing, and Geng Biao.
They have rich combat experience and are also the mainstays in the army. In order to convey the unified war idea, Zhu De ordered the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region to be fully in charge and create the only "sponsor".
After investigation, Zhu De found that the headquarters of the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region is located in Nanzhuang, Fuping City. However, Fuping has many mountains and inconvenient transportation, so it is very difficult to contact the outside world.
In order to fully establish the contact between the command headquarters and the outside world, Zhu De moved the military region from the mountains to Xibaipo . After the leadership team was formed, Zhu De still reminded that the most important thing in the war is personal ability, and the so-called status and power are not worth mentioning after all.
Everyone knew the profound meaning of the words, so they eliminated distracting thoughts, directed the battle with all their hearts, and united closely.
In order to maximize the advantage of war, Zhu De added artillery brigade to the army as the vanguard of war. In order to ensure the integration of frontlines and logistics, Zhu De also began to go deeper into the rear to find the root cause of insufficient supply.
Before this, there were countless logistics troops in the field column, and each logistics unit had its own independent economic industry.
During the war, the huge logistics force was too bloated and slow to move, which slowed down the marching speed.
At the same time, various logistics forces do not have the ability to support each other across teams, resulting in the failure of the frontline weapons and equipment and materials to be supplied in a timely manner.
Zhu De guessed the ins and outs of the chaos and made a decision in his mind. After his order, the logistics forces of different columns were merged and led by the central government.
Zhu De stipulates: The reorganized field army of the Jin-Cha-Hebei Military Region can go to any logistics unit nearby to receive military supplies.
In this way, the logistics efficiency will be greatly improved. From the leadership team to the logistics force, from loose to strict military discipline, the entire army has a new look. After scraping the bone to cure the poison, it is the decisive battle.
regrouped and defeated the enemy with one blow. In June, under the command of Zhu De, the Jin-Cha-Hebei Field Army took the initiative to launch the Qingcang Battle after careful thinking. In just a few days, our army was unstoppable, conquering important counties such as Qingxian , and wiped out the enemy's legions, and won the first battle.
In this battle, our army annihilated 17,000 Kuomintang and captured nearly 10,000, sweeping away the gloom of the past.
The soldiers cherished it very much, and the morale of the entire army was high.
Zhu De was also very pleased and wrote: "The traitors cannot escape the scolding of thousands of years, and the righteous army can inspire the hearts of thousands of people. Cangzhou After the battle, I returned late, and I was leisurely looking at Hutuo and listen to the dusk anvil."
11, our army launched the Qing again. Wind The store battle consolidated the hard-won victory. Zhu De believed that this was the best time to take advantage of the victory and made a plan to seize Shijiazhuang.
On October 27, the troops arrived at the designated location and the war was imminent.
Zhu De knew the importance of this Shijiazhuang battle. He appeared on the front line many times and kept reminding the soldiers that artillery offensive is fast and the firepower is concentrated. It is not advisable to act too much when attacking the enemy...
Commander Zhu De's earnest advice, soldiers remember it In the heart. On November 6, with the sound of our army's cannon, the battle officially began. The enemy specially dispatched bomber to launch artillery bombardment at our base, and the command center was shaking.
, who was concerned about the direction of the battle, decided to stick to the front line and let his subordinates advise him, and he was reluctant to leave. Because they were worried about the personal safety of President Zhu, the soldiers were anxious and could only report to the central government.
Chairman Mao learned about this and called Zhu De in person, and he reluctantly left the front line. Even so, Zhu De still asked his subordinates to report every day, and he would never forget to remember, and there would be a response.
On November 12, the field army united and successfully won the victory of the Shijiazhuang War with lightning speed.
After this battle, the depression that had accumulated in the hearts of the soldiers was completely relieved, and everyone was excited for a while.
Under Zhu De's leadership, the field army washed away the shame of Fu Zuoyi's frequent provocations in less than half a year. Mr. Zhu, who is over 60 years old, teaches everyone step by step to fight a turnaround battle. Facts have proved that General Zhu deserves his position as the top ten marshals.
