A woman drinking alcohol is a normal thing today. So, in ancient feudal society in our country, will the situation be very different under the constraints of feudal ethics? In our traditional concept, men are naturally strongly bound to wine, and as for women, they are much more alienated. But if we look at it carefully, we will find that this is not the case. In Chinese wine culture, the relationship between women and wine seems to be closer.
First of all, it is about the origin of wine. Although there are many statements about the origin of wine in Chinese wine culture, the most common statement is Yidi winemaking theory. This statement first appeared in " generations of ": "Yi Di first made wine wine and distinguished the five flavors." "The Strategy of the Warring States·Wei Ce II" records: "In the past, the emperor's daughter Yi Di made wine and was beautiful. When Yu went to Yu, Yu drank it and was willing to drink it, so he copied Yi Di and ordered wine to be destroyed. He said: 'There will definitely be someone who destroyed the country with wine in the future.'" Yi Di was a woman, and Wang Can "Wine Fu" mentioned her gender: "The Emperor's daughter Yi Di, and the wine is a offering."
There are many records of women making wine. "The Literature of Zhou·Tianguan Zui·Jiu Zheng" records the situation of women participating in wine making after the invention of wine: "The wine lover is ten, and the female wine is thirty. Xi three hundred people." What is " women's wine "? Han Dynasty Zheng Xuan believed that he was a "female slave who knew wine", which means a female slave who was familiar with winemaking technology. "Xi" is based on oracle bone script, with the left hand (claw) and the right rope tied to a person. Its original meaning is a slave, and it also refers specifically to female slaves. It can be seen that women's participation in winemaking has a very long history. By the Han Dynasty, wine culture had been quite developed. The winemaking industry has also begun to become a very common industry. According to historical documents and unearthed cultural relics, a considerable number of people engaged in the winemaking industry are women. " Taiping Yulan " quotes "Han Jiuyi" and "Taiguan" said: "Taiguan and Tang official slaves and servants each have three thousand wines, and they all have a soft waist, covering their knees and green waists." This is a record of women participating in the palace brewing. As for home brewing, it was an unshirkable responsibility of women in the Han Dynasty, and brewing became a major labor of women at that time.
wine is bought and sold as a commodity, and most women are involved. "Han Shu·Gao Di Ji " records that when Liu Bang was young, he "often paid wine from Wang Ma and Wu Fu." Wang Ma and Wu Fu were the women selling wine. "Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of Sima Xiangru" records that Sima Xiangru qinmu Zhuo Wenjun . The two returned to Linqiong . Xiangru "selled all their cars and riding, bought a wine house, and gave them wine, and made Wenjun a trunk. Xiangru wrote a mixed work of calf and Baoyong, and the tools were in the market." This is a documentary record of Zhuo Wenjun, a famous talented woman in the Han Dynasty, who was selling wine on the street. This matter became a beautiful story and was sung by literati later generations.
As for women's favorable drinking, in addition to the situation shown by the unearthed cultural relics, many literary works also express this. Feng Yan , during the Han Dynasty, said in the article "Shu Shu Ren Wuda of the Wife", that his wife "was drunk and full, and was often drunk for Jie and Zhou, and she teased her room, spread overseas, and opened her eyes to hold her palms to make things happen." Although it was exaggerated, it also had the basis of life facts. These descriptions once again proved the vigorous drinking style of women in the Han Dynasty.
