From time to time in the antique market, there are porcelains with the "Jurentang system" under the signature of the "Hongxian Porcelain", which often attracts the attention of collectors who have knowledge of modern history, because "Hongxian" is Yuan Shikai’s "Emperor".
has appeared in the antique market from time to time with "Jurentang System" porcelain, the so-called "Hongxian Porcelain", which often attracts the attention of collectors who have knowledge of modern history. , Because "Hong Xian" is Yuan Shikai's "Emperor Title".
Republic of China•Hong Xian The famille rose character Guanyin bottle
Indeed, Hong Xianci is related to Yuan Shikai’s restoration of the monarchy ninety years ago. According to reports, on the eve of Yuan Shikai's proclaiming the emperor, he followed the custom of firing imperial porcelain to celebrate when the emperors of the Qing Dynasty enthroned, so he sent Guo Baochang, the then general secretary of the government and porcelain expert, to Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, to supervise the matter. In the summer of 1915, Guo Baochang brought fine pigments from the original Qing Palace to Jingdezhen, and recruited masters from various kilns to fire a batch of high-quality porcelain at no cost. Its technique is imitating enamel colored porcelain, and the base is the seal of the red-glazed seal script "Jurentang", which is what the world calls Hongxian porcelain. Unexpectedly, "Hong Xian" was short-lived. It was cancelled after only 83 days of existence. The imperial kiln immediately collapsed, but Hong Xian porcelain quickly became popular in the collection world. In the 1980s, my country's collecting craze re-emerged, and various so-called "Hongxian Porcelains" were also seen in antique markets everywhere.
Republic of China Hongxian style imitation enamel painted melon and cotton gourd baggage bottle
However, why did Yuan Shikai have a special liking for "Jurentang" and choose "Jurentang" as the base name of the porcelain? There must be a reason. Sure enough, history records the following facts: Jurentang was originally named Haiyan Building, a western-style building built by Empress Dowager Cixi in Zhongnanhai in the late Qing Dynasty. After the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, Yuan Shikai, who controlled the imperial court, threatened the Queen Mother Longyu in Haiyanlou and forced the Qing emperor to abdicate. On March 10, 1912, Yuan Shikai became the "Provisional President of the Republic of China" with a two-sided approach. He became the official President on October 10, 1913. The family also moved into the old site of the Haiyan Building, which was renamed Jurentang, downstairs. It is Yuan’s office meeting place. From then on, Jurentang became the military and political power of Yuan, and it was also an important place for him to plan the restoration of the monarchy. Yuan Shikai never left Jurentang until he carried it out after his death.
Hong Xian Jurentang famille rose figure bottle
On December 12, 1915, Yuan Shikai, who had already disbanded the parliament and implemented a dictatorship, publicly declared the imperial system in China and proclaimed himself the emperor of the "Empire of China". In 1916, it was changed to the first year of the Chinese Empire, and the enthronement ceremony was officially held on New Year's Day in 1916, under the name "Hong Xian".
However, what Yuan Shikai and his colleagues did not expect was that when he was eagerly looking forward to his enthronement and his supporters celebrated the crown, General Cai E, the governor of Yunnan, called on the country to oppose the restoration of the monarchy on December 25, declaring the independence of Yunnan, and organizing and protecting The Chinese military government fired the first shot against Yuan Huguo. Many provinces across the country responded, and a vigorous campaign to protect the country began, and Yuan was denounced as a thief. Yuan Shikai, who was trapped in domestic and foreign affairs, did not dare to hold the enthronement ceremony on New Year's Day in 1916, and had to announce the abolition of the monarchy on March 21 of the same year and the abolition of the "Hong Xian" reign on the 22nd. His body also declined sharply due to the blow. He died of uremia on June 6 of the same year. This farce and ugly drama of the restoration of the monarchy opened and closed in Jurentang. Hong Xianci and the "Jurentang System" seal are the iron proof of this history of perverse perversion.
Republic of China Jurentang made a famille rose yellow ground with happy eyebrow picture Guanyin bottle
According to the report, the real Hongxian porcelain craftsmanship is very small. However, after the imperial kiln of Jingdezhen collapsed, the craftsmen continued to burn the so-called Hongxian porcelain in order to survive. The bottom of the ware was marked with "Jurentang System", "Hongxian Imperial System" or "Hongxiannian System". "The seal type has seal type or Song typeface, and the glaze of the type is red or blue. Obviously it is no longer Hongxian porcelain, but imitators are still happy. Here is a counterfeit and a fake identification (see photo) for your reference, so as not to be fooled. Hong Xian porcelain counterfeits have added a lot of trouble to the collection and appraisal work, as Mr. Chen Defu, a professor of history at Sichuan University, said in the book "Basics of Chinese Ancient Ceramics Appraisal": "In thousands of yearsThe history of ancient Chinese ceramics ended with the specious farce of Hong Xian porcelain. The appraisal of ancient Chinese ceramics finally ended in the difference between the authenticity of Hongxian porcelain, and it was sad."
Republic of China Chang Yunmei’s old collection of Jurentang famille rose vase, clear bean celadon leaf-shaped pen licking
