The discovery of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qinling Mausoleum undoubtedly shocked the whole world, because people really couldn't imagine that the scale of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qinling Mausoleum was so huge, and its momentum was extremely magnificent, which surprised countless tourists!
After excavating the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Qin Mausoleum, they naturally carried out a tight and meticulous archaeological excavation work on it. During this period, too many incredible phenomena were discovered, and one of them has made the experts who participated in the archaeological excavation of the Terracotta Warriors of the Qin Mausoleum feel extremely regretful. If it weren't for being too negligent, it would not have caused the Qin Mausoleum to fade, corrupt and other phenomena.
Of course, this cannot be blamed on experts. After all, we all make a living by summarizing experience, and it is impossible to predict the results from the beginning. Fortunately, we have made certain results in order to break and study its secrets later.
villagers dug wells but dug out the "Eighth Miracle in the World"
Time came to Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi in 1974. The villagers living in Lintong District were digging wells, but unexpectedly, an accident happened at this time. Several villagers dug out some very special pottery fragments while digging the wells.
At first, people didn't care much. After all, it was normal to dig something underground. However, when I continued to dig, I found that a large number of pottery pieces appeared and some bronze objects were dug, such as bows and arrows, which naturally completely aroused the villagers' alertness.
So after discussing, the villagers felt that they wanted to stop their work, and immediately reported the suspicious matter to the relevant departments. After
Afterwards, the Terracotta Warriors No. 2 and Terracotta Warriors No. 2 were found not far from this place, and a large number of burial objects were unearthed. Among them, the Terracotta Warriors No. 3 is undoubtedly the smallest among these three pits, and the number of Terracotta Warriors No. 6 is also the smallest; Pit No. 1 is the largest area, with more than 6,000 unearthed Terracotta Warriors No. 6.
These Terracotta Warriors themselves are really dazzling, or amazing!
Because this terracotta warrior is obviously made based on the size of a real person, and the average weight is about 150 kilograms, and the expressions of each terracotta warrior are different, which also shows that it is not a simple copy, but each piece gives them their own lives.
It’s a pity that these Terracotta Warriors should have the spirit that we can no longer see now.
After all, thousands of years have passed, and these pottery figurines will naturally undergo a slowly transformation. Moreover, after being excavated, they have undoubtedly suffered a certain degree of damage.
For example, air, after most of the Terracotta Warriors were invaded by air, they faded at a speed visible to the naked eye. Of course, a very small number of the terracotta figurines did not fade immediately, but slowly fell off.
In fact, by that time, many people still did not realize the need to protect cultural relics, but asked to continue to excavate and clean the Terracotta Warriors. In order to avoid this situation, the protection measures taken were extremely simple, just a simple straw mat to cover them, and when it rains, they would be covered with plastic film.
This wrong behavior was not stopped until 1976. Many Terracotta Warriors and Horses were returned to the original place to build and protect the museum.
Under the microscope, we found strange "white flowers" suddenly appearing on the Terracotta Warriors
As the awareness of protection of cultural relics gradually increases, we also pay more attention to the protection of cultural relics. Later, in order to carefully study the Terracotta Warriors, our staff also specially conducted high-tech identification on them and found clues. At that time, the staff found a very special "white flower" on each Terracotta Warriors under the microscope.
What is this? Is it a microorganism?
In fact, I later learned that these strange "white flowers" are molds that can cause harm to cultural relics.
These weird "white flowers" are equivalent to poison for cultural relics, and their appearance is also very simple. As long as you encounter the right temperature and humidity, the "white flowers" will automatically grow and directly cause stains such as white, gray and black on the Terracotta Warriors.
Furthermore, once "white flowers" appear in cultural relics, it is difficult to remove even if they are cleaned.
When we arrived here, the archaeological experts who were involved in the excavation and cleaning of the Terracotta Warriors were extremely regretful and regretted the wrong things they did back then. After
, they must put in more effort to spend on cultural relics, and they must never let history repeat itself.
1988, the excavation of the Terracotta Warriors Pit No. 3 began, but this time, the tragedy was not avoided. However, as the temperature rose, the mold in Pit No. 3 began to grow impatiently.
At that time, white and gray mold appeared on the ground, wall and other places in the tunnel. When the archaeologists saw this, they were extremely anxious, but they could not helpless. Even though they were constantly cleaning, they still could not stop the crazy growth of mold.
As for the unearthed Terracotta Warriors, they naturally began to fade quickly after not long.
Next, in order to rescue Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit No. 3 HTML , our experts also held a meeting to discuss, hoping to explore ways to effectively inhibit the growth of mold.
and there are several reasons for the mold in the Terracotta Warriors of Pit No. 3:
First and have a direct relationship with the air temperature and humidity;
Second and Third pits were found in the pits No. 3;
Third and Third pit walls were weakly acidic;
Fourth and Large numbers of tourists visited increased the fluidity of the surrounding air;
Since all the reasons were found, then the right medicine was naturally needed.
First, mold is taken, and then tested to obtain the substances inside, and a mildew anti-mold agent that can inhibit them is produced based on the detected results. What is the result of
?
Hard work pays off. Not long after, a medicine with very good anti-mold effect was made.
And when these anti-mold agents were put into use, they did see very good results, and their protective effects on cultural relics are undoubtedly visible to the naked eye.
Although the "white flower" problem has been solved, there are actually many problems that our experts need to solve one by one.
For example, what color is the Terracotta Warriors? Can we successfully solve the problem of retaining the original color of the Terracotta Warriors?
Terracotta Warriors color restoration work began
Since the 1990s, our experts have conducted cooperative research on the Terracotta Warriors and Horses on authoritative cultural protection agencies in foreign countries, and came to a result, that is, the main component in the color of Terracotta Warriors is Chinese raw paint , and the adhesive is animal glue.
In this way, you can know why the Terracotta Warriors and Horses are separated.
is actually the color adhesive because of changes in environmental problems, which leads to drying problems in the raw paint, which will cause the entire bottom layer of raw materials to begin to shrink, resulting in the collective fall of the paint.
Furthermore, historians have also explained that after the construction of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, they have experienced many disasters in history. For example, mountain torrents naturally caused the Terracotta Warriors and Horses to be soaked in water for a while; it is also said that Xiang Yu ordered the setting fire to be burned.
This is also the reason why our archaeological team did not expand their results later, because they did not want these tragedies to happen to the Terracotta Warriors.
Fortunately, in 1999, our cultural relics agency still developed a way to protect the painting of Terracotta Warriors to a certain extent.
Not to mention that it has indeed achieved miraculous results. At that time, some pottery figurines were unearthed from Pit No. 2, and then experts used the protection method just developed on these pottery figurines. As a result, the colors of these pottery figurines were indeed preserved on a large scale.
In fact, this method of retaining color is very simple, that is, the combination of anti-wrinkle shrinkage agent and reinforcement treatment protection, monomer penetration and electron beam amplitude curing reinforcement protection.
Many netizens who have visited the Terracotta Warriors must have seen the famous " Green Face Fiction "?
This "green-faced figurine" is now a celebrity-level cultural relic of Terracotta Warriors. Many people visit the Terracotta Warriors and Horses for it. This "green-faced figurine" is very strange. Except for the face that is green, the other parts are black, including hair, beard and pupils.
Because the "green-faced figurine" is too special, it is unique. As for why it forms a "green-faced"?
In fact, our experts still cannot uncover the mystery. Perhaps it was because the craftsmen of the Qin Dynasty that year that year, , Qin Dynasty , had some wonderful netizens speculated that this "green-faced figurine" should be an ancient special forces soldier, and the green on the face was modern camouflage.
Perhaps many people are puzzled by why we did not start using it on a large scale after we discovered an effective way to protect the color of the Terracotta Warriors from falling off?
is actually very simple, that is, the cost of this Terracotta Warriors and Horses painting protection technology is very high, so I am naturally powerless.
For example, the protection of a single terracotta warrior requires a year for our experts.
Because we first need to strengthen the unearthed Terracotta Warriors (along with the mud layer and dirt on the surface), and then quickly transfer it to the constant temperature and humidity environment for repair; and further, when peeling off the surface soil and dirt, it takes even more effort, and there is no mistake in the whole process.
However, we can also believe that in the near future, our cultural relics protection technology will continue to improve and improve, and then there will be no trouble like it is now. Then we can all re-experience the genre of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses thousands of years ago.
Reference
Edited by Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum. Research on the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses [M].1996
Yin Jianqiang. Knowledge is power. The mystery of the "color loss" of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses.2005, (11)
