Among the founding generals of the People's Republic of China, Xu Shiyou was brave and good at fighting. He served as a commando or captain many times during the period of the Red Army. He was an outstanding general who was trained in the flames of war.
During the Revolutionary War, Xu Shiyou repeatedly performed extraordinary feats and was deeply trusted by Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao once commented on Xu Shiyou: Xu Shiyou was a soldier and general who made half the sky in Jiaodong red. It was amazing, amazing!
After the founding of New China, Xu Shiyou served as the commander of the military region for a long time, sitting in charge of one side. By 1983, Xu Shiyou, who was already old, took a back seat and had more time to visit various places.
In June 1983, General Xu Shiyou and his entourage came to Chengdu, and they all visited the famous local cultural relics protection unit Wuhou Temple. As we all know, Wuhou Temple is a temple dedicated to commemorating Zhuge Liang, a famous figure in the Three Kingdoms. It is also known as Kongming Temple. It was later merged into a temple for the worship of monarchs and ministers.
Although Xu Shiyou's cultural level is not very high, Zhuge Liang is a well-known figure, and he also understands it. Under the guidance of his entourage, Xu Shiyou visited the historic Wuhou Temple.
At that time, Xu Shiyou, who was visiting Wuhou Temple, said to his entourage: I think Zhuge Liang is a good prime minister and a good military advisor, but he cannot be regarded as a good commander . So, why does Xu Shiyou think Zhuge Liang is not a good commander? What basis does he have?
Xu Shiyou commented on Zhuge Liang
In history, Zhuge Liang can be called a perfect man and is highly respected by later generations. Zhuge Liang has made great achievements in military, political, literature, invention and other fields, and his abilities are rare in ancient and modern times.
Whether it is the history book "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" or the novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhuge Liang has profound military attainments. In the early days, he formulated strategic plans for Liu Bei, based on " Longzhong vs. ".
In terms of leading troops to fight, although Zhuge Liang did not win the final victory in the Northern Expedition, facing Cao Wei whose national power was several times stronger than that of the Shu Han, he was able to defeat his opponents so that they did not dare to fight. This is definitely not something that an ordinary commander can do.
When Xu Shiyou visited Wuhou Temple, he commented that Zhuge Liang was not a good commander, which surprised the people around him. In the hearts of everyone, Zhuge Liang is like a god, he is proficient in fighting and governing the country. In today's terms, he is excellent in both military and political affairs.
Of course, Xu Shiyou said that Zhuge Liang was not a good commander, which naturally had some basis. He looked at everyone with some doubts and explained:
It is difficult to make a general without knowing the terrain. Zhuge Liang is good at using strategies, but not good at using the terrain, like Liu Chu Qishan , To no avail, just don’t know how to use the terrain.
Historically, during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition , he did indeed leave Qishan six times. The march routes were generally the same, and they all adopted a frontal advance and a steady and steady strategy. They rarely used the terrain to win a big battle. General Xu Shiyou was right about this. , it can be seen that he knows Zhuge Liang very well.
At the same time, Xu Shiyou also gave an example: Deng Ai of the Wei Kingdom crossed the danger in Yinping and penetrated into the hinterland of the Shu Kingdom. As a result, the Shu Kingdom was destroyed in one battle. This was the effect of using the terrain and daring to launch surprise troops, such as Zhuge Liang was much bolder and wiser.
According to historical records, Deng Ai's sneaking into Yinping was indeed the main factor that caused the demise of the Shu Han Dynasty. Forced by the situation, Deng Ai himself chose to take risks, take the enemy by surprise, and take advantage of the Shu army's undefended mentality in the dangerous terrain, completing a mission that will be recorded in history. The battle to destroy Shu.
Considering the bold use of troops and surprise, Deng Ai is indeed better than Zhuge Liang. Deng Ai has an adventurous spirit and can survive in desperate situations. Zhuge Liang focuses on stability and rarely takes risks with his troops.
Xu Shiyou also pointed out the shortcoming that Zhuge Liang would not "win by surprise", and took Shu general Wei Yan as an example. During Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, Wei Yan once proposed to him the Ziwu Valley Strategy, which was to build plank roads openly and covertly by following the example of Han Xin in the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang believes that this move is too adventurous and has not been adopted. As a result, some people in later generations feel that Zhuge Liang is too cautious in using soldiers.
Of course, everyone's views on Zhuge Liang are different. General Xu Shiyou is a senior general who has experienced decades of revolutionary war. Zhuge Liang is shorter in this regard.
History Book "Three Kingdoms" author Chen Shou commented on Zhuge Liang: can be described as good talents, no matter, Xiao Zhiya. However, if you have moved the public for the years, you have failed to succeed. The meaning of
is roughly comprehensive in Zhuge Liang's ability, but in military adventure, using military strategy is not what he is best at. In addition to Xu Shiyou,
also commented on Zhuge Liang. The views of the two are similar, and they all think that Zhuge Liang has some shortcomings in the military.
Chairman Mao Mao commented on Zhuge Liang
Chairman Mao Mao Mao Qunqun Book to comment on many ancient characters, Zhuge Liang is a typical example. In general, , Chairman Mao appreciated Zhuge Liang very much.
As in the summer of 1957, Chairman Mao said in an article published: "Liu Bei won Kong Ming , saying that it was like a fish, it was really written in the novel, but it was also written in history. It was also like the relationship between fish and water and water. The same. "
Chairman Mao said that there are two main meanings:
One: Utilizing the relationship between fish and water fully affirmed the talent of Zhuge Liang, he was important to Liu Bei.
. Second: Chairman Mao compares Zhuge Liang as the masses, compares Liu Bei as leaders, and warns the cadres to take the mass line. Of course,
Of course, Chairman Mao did not ignore his mistakes on Zhuge Liang's positive evaluation of Zhuge Liang. In this regard, he put forward new insights.
Mao Mao Mao Mao when he read the "Book · Xiangju theory", annotated: was mistakenly in the Longzhong pair, thousands of miles away and two -point troops. In the end, Guan Yu , Liu Bei, and Zhuge Liang three -pointers in the world were defeated.
, Chairman Mao means that Jingzhou and Yizhou are far apart. The traffic is inconvenient. In addition, believes that the thoughts of Zhuge Liang's early three -pointer in the early three -pointer of Zhuge Liang laid a foreshadowing for the subsequent Shuhan Northern Expedition.
is well known. During the revolutionary war, in the case of the enemy's weakness, the reason why our army was able to achieve one after another is that in addition to the outstanding performance of the soldiers, it also has a lot to do with tactics.
Mao Mao did not care about the gains and losses in one city, good at concentrating advantages, attacking one point, making breakthroughs on the battlefield, and then expanding the results of the battle.
Conclusion
evaluates Zhuge Liang. Xu Shiyou's point of view is similar to Chairman Mao. Both of them think that Zhuge Liang has made a mistake in military, but the angle of consideration is different.
Xu Shiyou is a general. He focused on seeing Zhuge Liang's performance in actual command of . He felt that he would not use terrain and surprisingly victory, not a good commander.
Mao is the commander of our army. He strategically analyzed the shortcomings of Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Pay" . Zhuge Liang is not good enough.
Of course, in the Three Kingdoms period where Zhuge Liang was located, he was able to achieve such great achievements in various fields such as military, politics, and invention. Promote.
References "Three Kingdoms" "Mao Zedong Review Historical Person" and other
