In 1950, the central government decided to establish the Tianjin Prefectural Committee and the Tianjin Region. The prefectural committee and the Tianjin Region were located in Yangliuqing Town.
Because Tianjin is located in the lower reaches of the Jiuhe River, floods have occurred many times in Tianjin's history. A heavy rain that year caused local flooding. Industry and agriculture suffered huge losses, and the people were in an extremely difficult situation.
Under such circumstances, Liu Qingshan , Zhang Zishan took office as Secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural Committee and Deputy Secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural Committee according to the decision of his superiors.
At this time, Liu Qingshan was 34 years old and Zhang Zishan was 36 years old. Although they were young, they were both "old revolutionaries".
Liu Qingshan
Liu Qingshan is a native of Anguo, Hebei Province. He participated in the revolution at the age of 15 and joined the Party at the age of 17. He participated in the "Gaoli Uprising" in 1932 and was an early cadre of the Jizhong Detachment of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Although he was arrested by the Kuomintang, he faced difficulties. Although he was tortured severely by the enemy, he remained steadfast and unyielding. In 1937, he was selected to study at the Anti-Japanese University.
Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liu Qingshan successively served as secretary of the Dacheng County Committee of the Communist Party of China, secretary of the Renhe County Committee of the Communist Party of China, urban engineering minister, organization minister, and deputy secretary of the prefectural committee of the Eighth Central Hebei Prefecture Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Zhang Zishan is a native of Shenxian County, Hebei Province. He joined the Party at the age of 19 and was arrested and imprisoned by the Kuomintang. He suffered three years of torture but never lost his Party spirit and never forgot the organization. After escaping from prison in 1937, he taught while looking for an organization and reestablished himself. Connect with organizational relationships.
Zhang Zishan
Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Zishan successively served as the Organization Minister of the Eighth Prefecture Committee of the Central Hebei Province and the Propaganda Minister of the Tenth Prefecture Committee of the Central Hebei Province. During the Beijing-Tianjin Campaign, he also organized hundreds of thousands of migrant workers to provide support, support and transport the wounded. .
It can be said that these two "old revolutionaries" have merit. They have fought bravely for the liberation of the party and the people and made due contributions.
letting the two of them go to Tianjin represents the organization's high hopes for them and the organization's belief that they can care about people's lives, lead the local people to overcome natural disasters, and organize production and self-rescue.
However, the two men who were worthy of the title of "heroes" in front of the enemy were quickly defeated by sugar-coated bullets.
Less than a year after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan's temperament had changed significantly. They quickly degenerated and deteriorated in the face of interests, and gradually embarked on the path of no return, betraying the organization and the people.
Perhaps because they felt that their identities had changed, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan completely relaxed their self-restraint. The two people, who had worked together as early as 1945, soon worked together, plundering people's wealth and squandering national property.
Liu Qingshan, who has always been quick-tongued and capable in his work, even used vulgar words: "I work hard to fight for the country, so what does it mean to enjoy it a little!"
There was no greenhouse cultivation at that time, and there were few leeks in the winter in the north. The so-called "material" Rare is precious." Liu Qingshan just wanted to take a bite.
But Liu Qingshan has a very naughty mouth. He wanted to eat leeks, but he was worried that leeks would be difficult to digest, so he posed a problem to the chef: "If you want to eat dumplings stuffed with leek, they must have a leek flavor but no leek leaves."
So, when making dumplings, the chef had to put a few leeks with thick stems and wide leaves in each dumpling, leaving the rhizomes outside the skin folds of the dumplings. Then put the dumplings in the pot and wait until they are cooked before they are hot. Pinch the leek rhizome and pull the leek out of the dumplings. This unique way of eating is deeply loved by Liu Qingshan.
In 1950, based on the flood disaster situation in the Tianjin area, the organization instructed the area to carry out " work-for-relief" and allocated corresponding grain and funds. The two men secretly withheld and sold the good grain distributed by the state to migrant workers. Out of the money, earned 2.2 million catties of grain from migrant workers and expropriated 600 million yuan (old currency, the same below, 10,000 yuan in old currency equals 1 yuan in new currency).
Tianjin Haihe River in the 1950s
In the spring of 1951, the state once again allocated more than 18 million kilograms of grain to repair five river projects in the special area, including Chaobai, Haihe, Yongding, Longfeng, and Daqing. Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan even decided to The goal of "earning 3 billion" was set.
To this end, the two raised the price of sorghum eaten by migrant workers by 100 yuan per kilogram, earning more than 3.248 million kilograms of cash; they also increased the price of cooking oil by 1,000 yuan per kilogram, earning 8,930 kilograms of cash. More than 8.9 million yuan in cash; increase the price of pickles by 100 yuan per catty 0 yuan, and earned 680 million yuan in cash from more than 600,000 kilograms...
In addition to charging so-called "depreciation fees for equipment", falsely reporting freight, tax evasion, etc., although the two did not achieve "earning 3 billion" The goal was to exploit the assets of migrant workers and steal as much as 1.6 billion yuan in state assets.
Because they sold good grain, they could only supply migrant workers with spoiled and moldy grain, which also caused dozens of people to become disabled and die from illness in Jinghai, Baodi and other counties.
The streets of Tianjin in the 1950s
In the autumn of 1950, the state allocated 2.9 billion yuan to build the Yangcun Airport in Wuqing County. Liu Qingshan misappropriated this huge sum of money for national defense construction without authorization and used it to open a Tianjin electric wire factory. When the
airport was completed and settled, its actual expenditure was 2.16 billion yuan, and the remaining funds, after excluding various "organization production funds", were still more than 40 million yuan unaccounted for.
In the summer of 1951, Zhang Zishan reported to the organization that he had "no money to buy copper" and applied for funding. He successively illegally misappropriated a total of 3 billion yuan in water conservancy construction funds.
In addition, Zhang Zishan also came up with the idea of allocating relief grain funds to the families of cadres in the Tianjin Region. The amount was 175 million yuan, and 175,000 kilograms of relief grain could be purchased. Zhang Zishan misappropriated 140 million yuan of it.
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piles and piles, all of which are shocking!
According to statistics at the time, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan used to deduct food supplies from migrant workers, relief food for cadres' families, local food, and embezzled funds for airport construction and shipbuilding relief loans in flood-stricken areas, totaling 17.1628 billion yuan.
According to the prices at that time, such a huge sum of money could buy 2.1 billion kilograms of millet, 50 million feet of cotton, 60 million kilograms of sesame oil, and 40 million kilograms of pork.
All of this money was invested in the so-called "organized production" illegal business activities, causing the country to suffer huge losses.
The two of them made a lot of money, so they naturally had to squander it. Liu Qingshan even fell into drug addiction. In the second half of 1950, he purchased two cars from Hong Kong with public funds, one as a gift and one as a gift. Personal use (I refused to hand it over when I was transferred and took it to Shijiazhuang).
In less than half a year, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan squandered nearly 380 million yuan, of which Liu Qingshan 183 million yuan and Zhang Zishan 194 million yuan.
You must know that this was in the early 1950s. There were no stores everywhere, and there were no e-commerce companies with door-to-door express delivery. They were able to squander such a huge amount of wealth in a short period of time. It can really be said that "it is impossible for capable people" .
In addition, the two wooed many lower-level cadres in the name of gifts, exchanges, care, etc. While corroding the revolutionary ranks, they suppressed decent cadres, hoping to achieve the goal of "covering the sky with one hand."
According to statistics at the time, Zhang Zishan gave a total of 23.99 million yuan in cash and items to 10 prefectural committee members, and a total of 7 million yuan to 6 county magistrates and county committee secretaries.
Water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it. This is a wise saying.
We must defeat both the invaders and sugar-coated shells, so that we can stand firmly with the people.
is well versed in the history of the rise and fall of dynasties throughout the ages, and Chairman Mao naturally understands this truth deeply.
New China is full of waste, and Chairman Mao and other leaders are very clear that must maintain a frugal style of hard work and simplicity, must cut down on food and clothing, and develop the economy.
In the autumn of 1950, Chairman Mao organized a meeting. When studying the development trends and response strategies of the Korean War, he proposed the policy of "the war must be won, prices must not fluctuate, and production still needs to develop."
This meeting determined specific measures to solve the country's financial difficulties: conserve troops, reorganize the troops, streamline agencies, downsize personnel, tighten expenditures, clean up assets, organize and train militia, and prepare to implement compulsory military service.
Not long after, Chairman Mao once again called on the people across the country to practice strict economy and carry out a patriotic movement to increase production.
In the autumn of 1951, after extensively soliciting opinions from all parties, Chairman Mao felt that a mass movement should be launched immediately across the country, mobilizing the masses to expose and criticize corruption in order to purify the organization, unite people's hearts, and unite to overcome economic difficulties.
After careful consideration, Chairman Mao formally proposed the "Three Antis Movement" for the first time. He gave instructions in the document drafted by the Central Committee: "In this nationwide production increase and conservation campaign, carry out a resolute fight against corruption, waste, and bureaucracy!”
The situation constantly reflected made Chairman Mao feel sad. He would often look at the reports on the “Three Antis Movement” and remain silent. There is always a big frown between the eyebrows forming the word "Chuan".
In Beijing, 650 corrupt individuals were found in various municipal agencies and corporate departments, with the amount of corruption amounting to 1.5 billion yuan, including 105 party members and 79 veteran cadres.
Tianjin, just one public security bureau, has accepted bribes from 3,514 businesses, and has released or deregulated 674 criminals due to bribery, including 19 enemy agents.
The corruption cases discovered by the Northwest Bureau have caused the country to suffer more than 8 billion yuan in property losses.
Southwest Bureau, from January 1950 to July 1951 alone, there were more than 1,400 cases of corruption and malfeasance, theft of more than 11 billion yuan of state property, and more than 7.4 million kilograms of grain, with the total amount exceeding 20 billion yuan.
Nanchang , just one grain director embezzled 200,000 kilograms of rice, and his wife even had 12 taels of gold hidden in the soles of her shoes.
In East China, more than 8,000 corruption cases were handled in 1951 alone, involving 615 cadres and 28.8 billion yuan in corruption, including 116 party members and 126 veteran cadres.
In Gansu, based on incomplete statistics from just a few regions and Lanzhou City, there are 1,177 corrupt individuals, who have embezzled 1.44 billion yuan. There are also more than 500 people in provincial-level agencies who have embezzled more than 1 billion yuan. How come
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didn't make Chairman Mao feel heartbroken? How could Chairman Mao not be extremely indignant?
Chairman Mao thought of Li Zicheng and Liu Zongmin. These two people used the peasant uprising to destroy the Ming Dynasty . However, as soon as they entered Beijing city , they were quickly corrupted to the point where their success failed. Soon after, they were defeated by the Qing army. defeat.
During the meeting, Chairman Mao said sternly: "I don't want to learn from Li Zicheng. You have to learn from Liu Zongmin. I advise you not to learn."
It can be seen that Chairman Mao is really angry.
On November 29, 1951, a report on serious corruption and waste in the Tianjin Prefectural Committee was delivered to Chairman Mao’s desk.
At this time, Liu Qingshan had been transferred to Shijiazhuang and was the deputy secretary of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Committee. The secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural Committee was succeeded by Zhang Zishan.
Looking at the shocking long list of corruption amounts, the long-simmering anger in Chairman Mao's heart was completely ignited!
Chairman Mao decided to personally investigate this case. He wrote in the report: "Both Liu and Zhang are major corruption offenders. They have been discovered by the North China Bureau and started to deal with them. We believe that the policy of the North China Bureau is correct. Leave this matter to the central government The Central Bureau, branch bureaus, and provincial and municipal party committees issued warnings that corruption must be seriously noticed, discovered, exposed and punished, and must be dealt with as a major struggle!"
After that, Chairman Mao and Chairman Liu and Premier Zhou , Mr. Zhu and others had many conversations on the handling of Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan.
Chairman Mao believes that for those so-called "dirty hands and feet", we can distinguish the severity and deal with them in a pragmatic and realistic manner; but for big corrupt criminals like Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan, no matter how much credit they have, they are unforgivable.
Chairman Mao said eloquently: "We must eliminate as many traitors and poisonous insects as there are.Eliminating them is not a loss for the party, but a victory for the party! It does not lower the party’s prestige, but improves it! Only by doing this resolutely and without mercy can our team be strong and consolidated, and only then can we no longer be corroded by the ideas of the exploiting class! "
Since the People's Republic of China had just been established at that time, the law had not yet been perfected, and the court did not know how to sentence Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan, so the North China Bureau conducted extensive discussions on the case.
In late December 1951, the North China Bureau reported a A piece of material showing their sentencing opinions on the two criminals Liu and Zhang: 8 members of the prefectural committee who were at home at the time, one The 552 cadres who participated in the discussion in the region agreed on the sentencing of Liu Qingshan, with 535 agreeing to the death penalty, 28 agreeing to a suspended death sentence, and 3 agreeing to life imprisonment. 6 people agreed to be sentenced; for Zhang Zishan's sentencing opinions, 536 people agreed to the death penalty, 7 people agreed to suspended death, 3 people agreed to life imprisonment, and 6 people agreed to a fixed term.
After seeing this material, Chairman Mao invited some non-party people. After a discussion, they fully listened to their opinions, and finally decided to agree with the North China Bureau's suggestion to impose the death penalty on Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan, and execute them immediately!
At that time, many people were still pleading for Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan, including some party members.
When Liu Qingshan was arrested, he had just returned from abroad and was representing China to participate in the event. Joined the World Youth Peace and Friendship Association.
For this reason, many people think that if he is executed like this, it may have a bad impact.
Therefore, some people hope that the media can change Liu Qingshan’s name, for example. "Liu Qingshan" and the like.
But at this time, Chairman Mao had made up his mind and resolutely ignored the pleas of those old comrades: "Should I want them two, or China? Only by executing the two of them can we save 20, 200, or 2,000 cadres who committed mistakes of varying degrees. You should understand this truth. "
At the same time, Chairman Mao also firmly refused to allow the media to change Liu Qingshan's name without authorization. He said: "Green is green. You can't add three points of water. You don't want this water. We just want to announce widely at home and abroad that the Liu Qingshan who was shot was the Liu Qingshan who participated in the international conference. "
Such courage, and as he said, eliminating these poisonous insects will not reduce the prestige of the party, but improve it.
It is such decisive confidence that we can save this country where countless ancestors have sacrificed their lives and shed their blood. During the "Three Antis" period of the new China, more than 100,000 cadres were found to have committed corruption worth more than 10 million, and the total amount of corruption was More than 6 trillion yuan, of which 2 people were sentenced to death, 9942 people were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment, 67 people were sentenced to life imprisonment, , and 9 people were sentenced to suspended death.
February 10, 1952, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. The ancient city Baoding has become the focus of national attention. At around 10 a.m., people began to flock to the Baoding Municipal Stadium from all directions, where the public trial of Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan was about to be held.
The stadium, which can accommodate more than 20,000 people, was quickly filled with people wearing blue and gray winter clothes. People, they include cadres from the party, government and military agencies, representatives from enterprises and the masses, as well as invited representatives from Tangshan, Shijiazhuang, Qinhuangdao and other special regions.
At 12 noon, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan were escorted to the venue by four policemen. Since there were no uniform prison uniforms at the time, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan were escorted to the venue. body Above, he was still dressed as he was when he was arrested.
Liu Qingshan wore a precious otter hat on his head, a navy blue woolen coat on his body, and leather shoes on his feet; Zhang Zishan wore a blue woolen coat on his body. She is wearing a uniform and has shiny leather shoes on her feet.
What is incompatible with their neat clothes are the handcuffs on their hands and the death banners hanging on their chests: "Big Corruption Criminal Liu Qingshan" and "Big Corruption Criminal Zhang Zishan."
Xue Xun, then vice-chairman of the Hebei Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection, spoke first, accusing the two criminals of their crimes. The audience was also agitated and shouted angrily: "We firmly demand the execution of the big corrupt criminals!" "Completely eradicate class corruption! ""beat Back off the attack of corruption! "
At nearly 14:00 in the afternoon, the public trial ended, and the criminal car escorting Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan drove out of the stadium. Liu Qingshan in the car was dejected and stiff, while Zhang Zishan was already as limp as mud.
Considering the two men’s contribution to the revolution, the provincial party committee at that time decided that the bullet would not hit the head but the back of the heart. The coffin for the body to be buried after the execution could be purchased at public expense, and the children of the second criminal would also be raised by the state. aldult.
With the sound of gunshots in the execution ground, the two corrupt men slowly fell into the pit in front of them.
And such gunshots are like a wake-up call, deafening and deafening. The sound is still lingering today. It is always warning future generations: Do not profit from power, and do not betray the country and the people!
Corrupt officials and worms will eventually destroy themselves!
