The Maritime Alliance refers to the period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty and Emperor Tianzuo of the Liao Dynasty. The Jurchens in the Northeast built the Jin Dynasty to rebel against the Liao Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty wanted to take advantage of the situation an

Regarding the demise of and in the Song Dynasty, there is such a joke: The Northern Song Dynasty joined forces with the Jin Dynasty to destroy the Liao Dynasty, and the Jin Dynasty destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty together. This is the famous " Maritime Alliance"

Maritime Alliance in history. It refers to the Song Huizong period and Liao Tianzuo period. The Jurchens in the Northeast established Jin Dynasty to rebel against Liao Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty wanted to take advantage of the situation and joined forces with Jin Dynasty. The plan to destroy Liao and regain the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun was proposed and implemented by Tong Guan. It was also a subjective plan made by a foolish emperor and traitorous officials to satisfy their personal ambitions. The Song Dynasty sent envoys to the sea to contact the Kingdom of Jin. , a covenant was made, stipulating that the Song and Jin Dynasties would jointly destroy the Liao Kingdom and then the sixteen states of Yanyun would be returned to the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty would pay year-old coins in gold at the same price as the Liao Dynasty. However, this plan was opposed by Goryeo who had always been on good terms with Song Dynasty.

Later results showed that the emperors and ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty were not anti-dogs in their paintings of tigers. The defeat of the Liao Dynasty was a complete failure, which gave the Jin Kingdom clues. After the destruction of the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty took advantage of the mediocre monarchs and ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty to destroy the Northern Song Dynasty, creating the " Jingkang War". Change to ".

Jingkang Change

Later generations reflected on the reasons for the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty and believed that the Maritime Alliance was ridiculous. Even later in the Southern Song Dynasty, in the face of the rise of Mongolia, the officials opposed the alliance with Mongolia to resist the Jin Dynasty because of the lessons learned from the "Maritime Alliance".

However, the author believes that such remarks are "hindsight" or incompetent remarks, and believe that there is nothing wrong with the "Sea Alliance".

There are two reasons

1. The Liao Kingdom will not perish because of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Although the Maritime Alliance was to unite with the Jin to destroy the Liao, in fact the performance of the Northern Song Dynasty was very worrying, with repeated defeats. Even if the Song Dynasty did not send troops to destroy the Liao, the Jin Kingdom would still destroy the Liao. It would be better to "take advantage of the situation"

II Competition and cooperation between countries is the norm.

Anyone familiar with the world history of the 20th century knows that during the World War , in order to defeat the common enemy, Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union temporarily gave up their ideological contradictions and cooperated. After the victory of the war against Nazi Germany against Hitler , Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union began to move toward confrontation and the " Cold War ", but neither Stalin nor Roosevelt Churchill ever said that alliance was wrong. Why? It is because cooperation and competition between countries is the norm, and competition is the main thing. Cooperation is always temporary and conditional.

In the same way, there is nothing wrong with the Song and Jin alliance to destroy the Liao and carve up the territory of the Liao Kingdom, but the problem is the corruption of the Northern Song Dynasty and the incompetence of the challengers.

Since Song Huizong succeeded to the throne, he favored traitors, loved meritorious services, and abused people's power, which led to political corruption and a decline in military combat effectiveness. He suffered consecutive defeats in the war with the Liao and Jin Dynasties. Later Song Qinzong although he wanted to make up for it, he was very incompetent, Tokyo Defense After the war , Li Gang stopped and compromised too much with the Jin Dynasty, which led to the complete loss of the favorable military situation after the war of defending Tokyo. It also led to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty due to military defeat. The rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty were largely personally responsible for the demise.

If he was a wise king, facing the situation at that time, he would first unite with the Jin Kingdom to destroy the Liao Dynasty and regain the Sixteenth Prefecture of Yanyun, and then deal with the threat of the Jin Kingdom and bravely compete with the Jin Kingdom. The same was true for the Southern Song Dynasty later.

There is a classic line in the Kangxi Dynasty "A foolish emperor is afraid of party strife, but a saintly emperor is not afraid." Similarly, "A foolish emperor is afraid of competition, but a wise emperor is not afraid." If the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty was a wise emperor with great talent and strategy, he would not change a favorable international situation. resulting in an unfavorable international situation.

Therefore, the author believes that there is nothing wrong with the strategy of "Maritime Alliance" and the alliance with Jin to destroy Liao. It is the emperor's stupidity and incompetence.