Since the "collapse of rites and music" in the Spring and Autumn Period, tomb robbing has become popular. Generally speaking, the targets of tomb robbers are mainly the valuable burial objects in the tomb. However, there are also some villains who commit adultery during the tomb robbing process and wantonly defile the corpse of the deceased. Of course, among these corpses that suffered great shame and humiliation, there are many famous figures in history.
For example, the body of the Demon Queen Cixi was defiled by Sun Dianying and his gang of tomb robbers. "Took off the dragon robe and searched all the personal jewelry." Full of white hair, with broken marks at the corners of her mouth . "In addition to Empress Dowager Cixi , the equally famous Empress Lu in history was also brutally humiliated and raped two hundred years after her death.
Sun Dianying’s Tomb Robbery Case
The Rise of Tomb Robbery
As the saying goes, "From ancient times to the present, there has been no immortal person, and there is no undying tomb." Tomb robbing refers to the act of entering a mausoleum or underground ruins to steal burial items. Because the custom of thick burials was prevalent in ancient my country, this attracted a large number of tomb robbers. Of course, tomb robbing may also be to vent hatred and retaliate against . It is said that after Tang Dynasty Guo Ziyi defeated Tubo, his father and son's tombs were dug up. It is said that it was done by Yu Chaoen in order to retaliate against Guo Ziyi for destroying Tubo.
The terracotta warriors and horses buried in the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin
Even the famous The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin was excavated and destroyed by tomb robbers. Many of the terracotta warriors' weapons had been taken away, and there were signs of fire inside the tomb. According to archaeologists' speculation, this is most likely the work of Xiang Yu. Generally speaking, tomb robbers do not steal corpses, because corpses are substances that cannot be exchanged for money. Even if corpses are stolen, most of them were stolen in history in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Some people stole corpses in order to learn medical skills and learn about the human body through dissection.
However, according to historical records, there have been several cases of corpse rape in the history of ancient Chinese tomb robbing that are incredible...
The analysis of human structure in Leonardo da Vinci's manuscripts
Red Eyebrow Army Rape Lu Pheasant Corpse
In the article "Six Rare "Corpse Insults" Incidents in the History of Chinese Tomb Robbery", The historical record of Lu Pheasant's Corpse being raped by the Red Eyebrow Army actually appears in "Book of the Later Han Dynasty ", The book describes in detail the combat behavior of the Red Eyebrow Army, one of the peasant uprisings at the end of the Western Han Dynasty: "The Red Eyebrows were greedy for money and came back to plunder. The city was completely eaten, so they collected the treasures, set fire to the palace and led the troops. And in the west... . They excavated the tombs and took away the treasures, so they insulted Empress Lu's body . Anyone who found a jade box and buried it was like a living person, so red eyebrows often behaved obscenely. "
The battle scenes of the Mei Army
mean that the Red Eyebrow Army burned, killed, looted and committed all kinds of crimes , and also used all kinds of tomb digging methods on the tombs of the Western Han emperors. It is said that the Red Eyebrow Army at that time saw Empress Lu in the mausoleum wearing gold jade clothes and still lifelike after many years of death, so they suddenly became daring and committed rape on Lu Pheasant's body.
It is said that Lu Pheasant is not the only "victim". The bodies of other beloved concubines in the other imperial mausoleums and the red eyebrow army have not been spared. Their bestial behavior is outrageous. However, Lu Pheasant was already 61 years old when he died, and his body was already very old when he was alive. What's more, two hundred years have passed since the Red Eyebrow Army robbed the tomb. explain?
Portrait of Lu Pheasant
In fact, the psychology of this group of red eyebrow troops humiliating corpses is extremely complicated . Rather than saying it is a physiological motive for lust, it is better to say that vents hatred for . The Red Eyebrow Army is mainly composed of civilians, most of whom are illiterate and have low cultural quality. Because they have been oppressed and poisoned by the feudal monarchy for many years, they have a deep grudge with the emperor.Therefore, these tomb robbers thought of violating these harem women who only the emperor could be "lucky" in those days, and used this pathological desire to conquer to complete their revenge on the emperors who oppressed them.
Ancient Peasant Revolt
Of course, some people say that the records in the "Book of the Later Han" may not be true, because the "Book of the Later Han" is a "private history" that is included in the official history, and its method of compiling history books has undergone great changes. , it no longer ignores the historical data as in the past, but changes to narration and discussion. This makes these historical records inevitably bring some author's personal subjective color , thus affecting future generations' understanding of this period. historical judgment.
Let’s talk about Lü Zhi personally. Compared with Wu Zetian, Lü Cai was actually the one who created the precedent for women in ancient China to be called during the dynasty. After Liu Bang's death, power was actually in the hands of Empress Lu. Therefore, later generations usually refer to her and Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty as "Lu Wu" , which shows her status in history.
Portrait of Lu Pheasant in Power
During Lu Pheasant's rule, he implemented the Huang Lao's technique of recuperating and recuperating. He ruled by doing nothing, which laid a good foundation for the later Wenjing's rule. "If the government does not go out of the house, the world will be in peace; punishment is rarely used, but the criminals are rare; civil affairs are drafted, and food and clothing breed ." This is a great praise for Empress Lu's political achievements. However, with such a benevolent approach to governance, she also invented the most cruel and inhumane punishment in Chinese history: human pigging.
The so-called human piggy is to chop off a person's hands and feet, gouge out the eyes, pour copper into the ears to make them deaf, pour dark medicine into the throat and cut off the tongue to make it unable to make sound, and then throw it into the toilet. inside. Liu Bang's concubine Mrs. Qi is reported to be a typical victim of "human pigs". This incident also caused Empress Lu to suffer a lot of infamy. History books often evaluate her as a snake and scorpion , saying that she was the only jealous and fierce woman among the founding mothers.
Lu Pheasant in the film and television drama
Feng Guiren's body was humiliated
In addition to the rape of Queen Lu's body, the tomb of Feng Guiren, the concubine of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was also brutally dug up by tomb robbers during the period of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty. Seventy years after his death, his body was raped and humiliated . According to the record of "Sou Shen Ji": " For more than seventy years, the color remains the same, but the meat is slightly cold; a group of thieves committed adultery together, and they fought and killed each other, and then they fell asleep."
Tomb robbers robbed the scene
It means, Seventy years after Feng Guiren's death, not only the color of his body remained the same as when he was alive, but even his body temperature was still slightly fresh. The tomb robbers took advantage of her and gang-raped her body. When was discussing the gang rape sequence , the group of tomb robbers also fought , triggering a bloody conflict , which led to the tomb robbery being made public. Their behavior was really heinous.
Portrait of Queen Dou
According to the " Zi Zhi Tong Jian ", the Queen Dou of Han Dynasty Huan who "listened to politics behind the curtain" died of illness, and the Dou family was also pulled down due to "dictatorship of foreign relatives " . Later, all her clan members were implicated and imprisoned in cells. The ministers discussed whether to hold Dou's funeral. In the end, thinking of her status as the Queen Mother, the ministers decided to bury Empress Dowager Dou in the same mausoleum as a noble. She was buried in the same mausoleum as Feng Guiren. At the same time, it was a punishment for the dictatorship of foreign relatives.
Portrait of Queen Dou
Of course, this burial plan was immediately strongly opposed by Tingwei Chen Qiu. One of the reasons for the objection was that Feng Guiren’s tomb was stolen and his body was raped. If Queen Dou were to be buried, His body was buried together with Feng Guiren's body, which would lead to "soul pollution". Therefore, in the end, Empress Dowager Dou got her wish and was buried with Emperor Huan of Han in Xuanling.
Of course, 's method of "digging up graves and humiliating corpses" has become increasingly cruel in history. In the Tang Dynasty folklore collection "Guang Yi Ji ", there is also a detailed description of the theft of the tomb of Yang Xuanzong's concubine Liu Hua after her death. The incident of corpse defilement.
Portrait of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty
The corpse of Concubine Liu Hua was humiliated
It is said that in the 28th year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty, a tomb robber opened the coffin of Concubine Liu Hua and found that not only did the body of Concubine Liu Hua not have any decay, but its appearance was as lifelike as a living person. Even the limbs are still very soft and flexible. Therefore, the tomb robber suddenly had evil thoughts and raped Concubine Liu Hua's body.
What's even more tragic is that after the tomb robbers raped the corpse, they actually cut off Concubine Liu's arm to remove the golden necklace on her arm. In order to prevent Concubine Liu Hua from seeking revenge on her relatives by entrusting her dreams to her relatives, he actually pulled out Concubine Liu Hua's tongue, turned Concubine Liu Hua's body sideways, and inserted candles into her private parts to serve as candlesticks . The method was extremely cruel.
Concubines in Tang Palace film and television dramas
In fact, the behavior of "digging graves and humiliating corpses" has existed in the history of various countries around the world. In addition to adultery due to sexual misconduct, or pathological "necrophilia", there are also some acts of stealing and humiliating corpses, which are actually for the purpose of stealing female corpses and marrying them in the dark. During the famine period, there was even the behavior of "opening new graves and eating corpses", which was really shocking. Fortunately, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, feudal superstitions were eradicated, cremation and simple burials were advocated, and these behaviors of "digging graves and humiliating corpses" gradually disappeared from the stage of history.
