Majiayao culture is the collective name of the civilizations of western Gansu and eastern Qinghai 4000-5000 years ago. It was named after it was first discovered in Lintao Majiayao Village, Gansu in 1923. This civilization was considered by many experts to be the pinnacle of China's painted pottery era because of its splendid painted pottery civilization.
The Majiayao culture lasted for nearly a thousand years, and the more unified understanding is that this culture includes 马家瑶, Banshan and Machang three cultural types. In the era of Machang culture type, this culture has divided into two areas: eastward development into Qijia culture, and westward development into Siba culture. At this time, the land of the Central Plains, the first dynasty of China recorded in history books, the Xia Dynasty, has already entered the stage of history.
As mentioned above, Majiayao culture is famous for painted pottery, which shows that the pottery industry in Gansu and Qinghai area was already very developed at that time, and this craft standard is also an important symbol of whether prehistoric civilization is developed or not, because It is not only related to technological innovation, but also marks the emergence of human artistic aesthetics.
So thousands of years later, when the painted pottery of Majiayao culture reappeared, the agile lines, abstract geometric patterns and bold creative ideas of the designer are enough to amaze future generations.
04a8b#0da0a#0a8d#0f0a# when the pottery was born When the land was gradually declining, the ancestors of Majiayao living in the upper reaches of the Yellow River carried forward this artifact-on the basis of inheriting the charm of colored pottery from the Yangshao culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, they continued to form their own unique and distinctive cultural characteristics, thus Created the pinnacle of Chinese painted pottery art.
- First, painted pottery accounts for the largest proportion of all pottery. Among the pottery of Majiayao culture, painted pottery accounted for 30%, while in Yangshao culture, painted pottery accounted for about 3%. The popular black pottery in Longshan culture, painted pottery accounted for less, and began to pursue a breakthrough in shape.
- Secondly, painted pottery has the most beautiful ornamentation, and the rules of formal beauty are most skillfully applied. The use of artistic methods such as virtual and real, complex and simple, unity and change, coordination and contrast, interleaving and overlapping, has reached the point of perfection in the Majiayao cultural period. In contrast, Yangshao culture is much more "monotonous".
- Third, the decoration in painted pottery has begun to play a role in recording the development of civilization, especially in the decoration of characters And animal ornamentation. For example, the painted pottery basins with dance patterns collected in the National Museum are of important reference value for understanding the lives of primitive people and exploring the origin, development, and artistic characteristics of primitive dances.
As a calendar that tells the history of Chinese painted pottery, the "2020 Shaanxi Expo Calendar · Painted Pottery China" naturally includes exquisite painted pottery from Majiayao culture, and Among them, there are many colored potteries that are rarely seen on weekdays. The splendor of painted pottery began in the culture of Shaanxi and Yangshao, Henan, and reached its peak in Gansu and Qinghai, and this is also its last splendor.
