The Incredible Tibet
The Tiger of Tibet: A Natural History Framework of Tiger-Man
8strong _pstrong
strong _pstrong text Cang Dog Picture/online
Gregorian Year 2022
Lunar Calendar Year Renyin Tiger Year
Also Tibetan Year of Water Tiger span
span10span Tiger of Tibet , the tiger leaps in time and space, the tiger roars on the plateau.
nineteenth-century eastern Tibet region drawn tiger Thangka (partial)
01
tiger come from: " ancient Chinese cat "growth mind
about 30 million years ago
earliest cats - The original cat (Proailurus)
appeared on the earth and divided into two branches
One is the conical-toothed cat family
It is the famous but extinct saber-toothed tiger family
The saber-toothed tiger family was first born, and they are found all over the new and old continents
They feed on large herbivores such as elephants_ span10span
majestic and powerful
but in the symbiotic coexistence, the race of life of their own development
span Resilience
Low-key and pragmatic ancient cats, constantly multiplying
Then divided into three families: eufelines, felines, and eutherians 9
Eventually evolved into all extant catsand extinct related species
Cat evolution map
Year,Mining consultant of the Republic of China government, Sweden geologist Anderson
Several fossils were found in Langou, Mianchi, Henan. composition
Two years later, Austrian paleontologist Schdanski
established a new species based on this specimen
Later Chinese scholars renamed it "Ancient Chinese Tiger")
about 2 million years ago
These beautiful and fierce ancient "big cats" _pstrong21strong _pstrong11strong
_pstrong11strong _Freely roaming in the mountains and forests of the eastern Eurasian continent
Symbiosis with human ancestors, the earliest upright walking primates
(China) The earliest discovered human fossil Wushan man 2.04 million years ago) _span10 span
1967,German scientist Hemel
The conclusion after detailed measurement and comparison
The individual of the "Chinese ancient cat" is smaller than that of a tiger, but slightly larger than that of a leopard, so it should be one of the tigers subspecies
ancient Chinese tiger recovery plan
fear in the global climate shocks Quaternary glacial maximum
Cats and saber-toothed cats went extinct one after another
Only true cats have won the challenge of survival
They are made up of cat and leopard groups
Living up to now
Among them Leopard family
finally established its extraordinary biological status _strong111strong _panspan10span _strong111strong _panspan10span Ancestor of
who accompanied Hu worked with Lam symbiotic
far
earliest modern tiger fossils found in China
unearthed In Gongwangling, Lantian, Shaanxi Province,About 1.1 million years ago
When they coexisted with Lantian people (about 700,000 to 1.15 million years ago) The eastern half
Many tiger fossils were unearthed from the Beijing Renshan Cave, Zhoukoudian, Beijing, North China
The upper tiger cleft fossil found in Gongwangling, Lantian
The tiger's sphere of influence is rapidly expanding
footprints appear in a wider area span10span
From the cold jungles of Northeast Asia to the hot wilderness of the Indian subcontinent
From the dry and desolate Gobi desert of Central Asia to the lush Southeast Asian islands
Evolution with life
eventually multiplied and differentiated into as many as nine subspecies
The famous cat that "cannot leave Asia"
——Scientific name: Panthera tigris; Chinese: Tiger; English name: Tiger
brg5br
modern Nine subspecies of tiger,Three of them are extinct (indicated by a red cross) Source: WWF
" King of beasts "Roaring mountains and forests, running wild
as nature's top Predators
Strongly maintains the balance of the ecosystem
and inspires the birth and development of human culture p_ spanspan10span Strength, agility and majesty
has always been revered, admired, imitated and revered by human beings
Even those living in the highest altitudes
inevitably impressed by the tiger charm
tiger is beautiful and ferocious animals
02
tiger in the Highlands : Who says there are no tigers in Tibet?
traditional scientific cognition
roof of the world is not the source of tiger habitats _ span10span
more non birthplace
but recent species
kinship terms of taxonomic significance and tiger
is The snow leopard
tiger-snow leopard lineage and jaguar-leopard-lion lineage
9span cat species that inhabit the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau together constitute the surviving cats. Subfamily Panthera Panthera family
Snow leopard and tiger are most closely related
2014
In Ali area Zanda Basin
strong8aestrong The earliest fossil of Panthera subfamily - (Panther Panther ) was unearthed span10span
Its geological age ranges from 5.95 to 4.42 million years ago
and Buchner’s leopard and snow leopard are closely related (Deng Tao)
p0span9 It is speculated thatis the common ancestor of tigers and snow leopards
evolved the ancient Chinese tiger
The distant blood of modern tigers,Could it come from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau?
Buchner's Leopard Restoration Map Drawing/Deng Tao
When the ancestors of tigers began to spread their leaves all over Asia_pspan10span10span _pspan10span _pspan10span _ They cleverly avoided the highest land on earth (fear of high reflection?)
But when we look at the footprints of tigers, we will find
Surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is actually a piece of tiger living World
Northwest Central Asia Caspian tiger
eastern Han of South China tiger
south India, Southeast Asia Bengal tiger
in the era of tiger roaring Asia
They must have interacted with the early plateau civilization
Tiger in China Intelligence Center
When the Zhangxiong civilization expands in the western plateau and Central Asia
How likely are people and tigers to meet by chance?
"Shangxiong Wencui" records that Bon is the birthplace of "Womolongri",Its geographical element is "Das" rule
"Das" is often considered to be the ancient name of Persian
The literal translation of Tibetan is "tiger leopard" Country (Tiger, Sanskrit : vyahra; Tibetan: sTag, "Da" sound)
As it is, before extinction in the 1980s
Tiger (also known as Persian tiger, Chinese called Xinjiang tiger) range
"Das" is very consistent with the ancient convention of naming regions with features
Caspian tiger historical distribution range
humans dating to the Middle Ages rotary
Tubo dynasty rise, rule the roost at the peak of territory
is certainly Including the habitat of Caspian tigers, Bengal tigers and even South China tigers n10span Birthplace
and today's Bomi area and its adjacent Zayu, Medog and other places
is the habitat of the alpine Bengal tiger_
in Tibetan folk knowledge systems
tiger tiger into the forest and bamboo tiger
Linhu Sheng live in dense forests
Bamboo tigers come from places where bamboos grows
-- isn't this a typical living environment for South China tigers?
Extinct Caspian Tiger,Photography 1899. Source: Wikimedia Commons
after the disintegration of the Tubo Empire
Ali measurements , Palmer bamboo regime, Bomi dynasty after another separatist party ......
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is still under the "gaze of tigers"
The legend of the legendary Tang Dongjiebu eradicating tiger disasters in the Gongbu area
It is not only a Tibetan Buddhist monk who subdues beasts with spells_ span10span
Promote the concept of abstaining from killing and protecting life
The story that advocates the harmony between human beings and different creatures
further supports the natural history of the tiger’s long-term habitat_span10_ Even today when the tigers are weakening When the Caspian tigers and South China tigers become extinct in the wild The people of “Sanyu in South Tibet” still coexist with the last Bengal tiger_ span10span stro ng8strong Hu Hu Hu,Already integrated into the plateau Natural mountains and rivers, historical beliefs, customs and life...
03
reveal tiger: Humanities plateau called "ventured"
Like the geographical location of the center of Asia
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the human dimension span9
The regional complex of East, South and Central Asian civilizationsThe open society that is popular from all directions and survives the new
not only grows a unique cultural form
spa n9span Even The hidden tiger
will eventually become a dazzling highland beast _strong p11strong
_p2_pimg The tiger is hidden in the hearts of the highland spirits img17 p2p
in Tibet,
Tiger and dragon, lion and Garuda (Peng) together called the Quartet supernatural auspicious beast
strongp2p strong strong p The tiger embodies confidence, the dragon embodies strength, the lion embodies fearlessness, and the garuda (peng) embodies wisdom But it is different from the four places and four seasons contained in the four gods and gods from the Han In Tibetan divination, These four mythical beasts represent the local god of land Climbing in the East If the Four Land Gods are located in the right direction and in the right position This natural environment is the perfect place to build a temple Temples and pagodas... Four-horned auspicious beast of the wind horse
It is the most powerful animal in the forest
The tiger and the tiger make the wind, the wind in the five elements belongs to the wood,
Therefore, the tiger ranks in the “wind and horse” pattern and the five beasts
p0 This teaching expresses the meaning of "wind" and "wood" In his "Fengma" related literatureThe tiger symbolizes the "fire" of the five elements
This is in turn corroborated with " King Gesar's Biography"
tiger majestic 1 p
perfect interpretation of the image of Vulcan in the epic
_p Tibet is a household name
The tiger enters the plateau,Infiltrating the Tibetan spiritual belief system
Buddhist Vajrayana as the ruling teaching of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
There is no shortage of tigers in its pantheon
strong8 , especially the mounts of wrathful god and god of war
symbolizes the fearlessness and will of the great achiever or god _strong _strong11 in tiger skin spotted apron
means they surrender and control their anger
_span10p img0p br5
Famous Tiger Cave Temple in Bhutan
p
5br5 8th century AD
Taksang region of Bhutan
The locals are miserable
Guru Rinpoche answers the prayers of the people
Riding a flying tigress
and open a cave retreat in March
Since then Buddhism has been introduced to Bhutan
The famous Tiger Cave Temple was built by fate strong
span9 strong
span9 Tiger skin tent
Tiger skin is a meditation cushion for many yogis and Mahasiddhas
span9 pspan is also a cushion for early tribal leaders0 _pspan10span _p
Part of Shakyamuni Buddha and the Eighteen Arhat Thangkas: Fuhu Arhat
In Tibet, where there is a strong religious atmosphere
The image of the tiger is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people
is high art An important source of art creation
is one of the most relied on tantric practice tools
The famous carrier of Tibetan art - thangka
p0 Elements of many tigersWorship of God exorcism of evil spirits When Tibetan opera is held
Performers are accompanied by dharma protectors, deities, deities and animals Identity
Take turns appearing
Dress up masks in addition to various gods
There are also tigers, lions, cows, leopards, deer, dogs and birds All beings
Thangka wrathful Guru Rinpoche,The mount is a tiger
Tibetan paintings
ppp is known for its mysterious and dignified religious atmosphere ,
an Smooth linesdepicts the beliefs, life and ideas of Tibetans
In Gelugpa monasteries and residential murals On the right side of the gate is a picture of the God of Wealth leading the image
And on the left, it must be a picture of a Mongolian man riding a tiger
A Mongolian lama or nobleman
p0 Leads a tamed tiger on a chainhas rich and unique meanings
or represents the Tantric “Three Fathers” span0 _p2span or Gelug Symbol of victory
However For the people,
tiger's mouth outwards, home town of awe
elephant head first for wealth
deceive Yu Tiger
In Tibet Temples and noble houses useDoors of important Buddhist temples and residences
"Power Staff" decorated with tiger patterns
_
Like both sides of the door of the East Sunshine Hall of the Potala Palace
and hang a "power stick" rolled with a tiger-skin blanket
symbol of rights,It also has the effect of warding off evil spirits
In the first half of the 20th century, a Tibetan nobleman sat on a tiger blanket
The bravery of tigers is known to the world_ span10span
The Tubo Dynasty has a strong custom of "shanghu" and "worship of the tiger"
Songtsen Gampo The new law "Thirty-six System" promulgated expressly: _strong11sstrong
"Heroes are honored with tiger and leopard skins, and cowards with fox tails"
If a hero dies in battle, a white tiger must be painted on his tomb in recognition of his achievements (New Book of Tang, Tubo Biography)
"six brave ornaments" of "tiger skin jacket, tiger skin skirt, tiger skin robe"
Only people of certain status and considerable achievements can wear
until the present_ span10span
Tibetan men's clothing still likes to use tiger skin for trim or collar (now more imitation)
is the legacy of the ancient custom of worshipping the tiger
br Important 5br
Kozo clothing (imitation tiger)
worship
tiger distant long
even interpreted as the founding myth of
Can be called the common ancestor memory of the Tibetan and Qiang ethnic groups
As described in "The Legend of King Gesar Tianling"
Guru Rinpoche chose the Maqing Snow Mountain in the east as the birth of Gesar ground
and kill a tiger here
Tiger's skin, head, heart, claws, stomach, lungs, liver, kidneys, intestines, etc. _strong111strong
strongformed plains, mountains, rivers, tribes...
This is quite similar to the creation story in the folk epic "Meige"
Historical records " dangchang ,The Qiang species is also common; the custom is heavy on tiger skin, and even sent to death, the country considers it as a commodity. "("Book of Southern Qi·Henan·Diqiang")
Use the Tiger God to guide the dead to rest Far and away
Names of places where there are many tigers in Tibet
Hugou, Hushan, Huwo, Hudao...
and even Tibetan family or individual family name Named after a tiger
is like the common name of "Dou La" (Tiger God)
Tiger portrait on the door panel of Labrang Monastery
Chinese and Tibetan medical systems
both believe that tigers have potential medicinal properties
Tibetan folk animal stories _span10
p p Big beasts such as wolves are always cruel and viciousSmall animals such as rabbits and sheep are kind and witty
s pan9span Like "The Story of a Tiger and a Rabbit"
Rabbit burns a tiger for wrongdoing
But his tail is shortened
p9p Description of the storyexplains the existence of nature in a simple way
inspires the people to fight for power with courage and strength
mountain
"The tiger is dead, look at the paws,The fox is dead looking at the fur.
"
tiger, has penetrated the social fabric plateau.
Tibetan folk story," Hunter Gesang "
04
what this tiger: China's largest wild tiger populations to settle in Tibet
tiger Earth Has lived for millions of years
is a species born almost at the same time as human beings
The long years of both coexistence on the blue planet
Tiger,Continue to give human civilization a lot of inspiration to
Bali tiger , Javan tiger and Caspian tiger subspecies have become extinct
even as the birthplace of China tiger
Although 4 of the 6 extant subspecies are still present
has continued to decline ( WWF and Global Tiger Forum, 2016)
and all are endangered
cross-border stray Siberian tiger, outside the captive South China tiger
tiger in China,Where is Tiger Shadow?
Most of the existing wild Siberian tigers in China are from Russia. symbol
not native animals Tibet
but it shattered the previously stated
southeast of the stereotypical judgment
such as possession broadleaf forest at an altitude of 2500 meters
has always been home to the tiger
As recently as 2018 - between 2019
Chinese researchers For the first time
In the Eastern Himalayas
Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon Deep mountains and thick forests
Live photos of Bengal tigers taken in the wild
In addition to
There are also clouded leopards, cloud cats , golden cats, etc. 1 span 19 IUCN Threatened Wildlife experts estimate
strong There are about twenty alpine Bengal tigers
are distributed in the Tibet Autonomous Region9 _p span10span _ten Two
inhabiting the primeval forest of Medog County
st rong8strong is undoubtedly the largest wild tiger population in China ( Liu Wulin )
Bengal tiger images taken in Medog, Tibet_p29span
_p20 span
brspan However
tiger shadow southeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau reproduction
human pride is not worth cheering
more does not mean
already here " Garden of Eden"
Surveys earlier than 2000 show that
illegal hunting has reduced the number of wild boars, red impalas, etc. _span spanspan _span10 Deforestation and burning destroy natural habitats
A species that does not easily invade humans - wild tigers
start to prey on large local livestock
Behavior triggers violent conflict between humans and animals_span 10span
local constant reports
killing wild Bengal tiger message
matters worse
in accordance with ecological theory
for a number of mammals
wild tigers have been found
far unable to maintain a healthy biological populations
Without the blood of new tigers
This surviving small tiger group in Tibet
will die out due to inbreeding
31img
img31 Wild Bengal tiger population photographed in the Grand Canyon
Tiger trapped in the forest
Local also take
Relocation, prohibiting deforestation, changing livelihoods, etc. Cross-border exchange of tiger populations in India and other places humans should alert
Tibetan legend Dong Tang Jeb had "tiger disaster"
for example
promote harmonious coexistence of all things Idea
Today,People only respect for life, conserve natural
or can one day
reproduce the king
Tigers of the world's wind
Possible Distribution Area of Alpine Bengal Tigers in Tibet
What tigers live in Tibet?
Bengal tigers mainly live in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. They mainly inhabit across borders in the jungles of border counties such as Zayu, Medog, Luozha, Cuona and Milin, also known as The Indian tiger is the tiger subspecies with the largest number and the widest distribution in the world. It is a national first-class protected animal in China. In 1758, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus designated it as the type species of tiger.
Bengal tigers are mainly distributed in India and Bangladesh , with a small amount of cross-border distribution,Habitat ranges from the Himalayan mountain forests in the alpine regions to the lush rainforests and dry broad-leaved forests of northern India, from the swampy reeds of the Indian peninsula to the mangroves of the coast of the South Asian subcontinent region.
The fur of an adult Bengal tiger is brown and white, with black stripes and a small amount of black stripes on a white background. They often live alone, and males and females live together only during the breeding season. The wild male Bengal tiger weighs 160-270 kg and is second only to the Siberian tiger in size.
Tibet captured wild Bengal tiger
References:
1, Tibetan Culture Net: "Why Tibetans worship The king of beasts - tiger? "
2. Beiwan Online: "Wild Bengal Tigers Discovered in Medog, Tibet"
3. The Paper: "Intangible Cultural Heritage Search | Heroes with Tiger and Leopard Skins: Watching the Tibetan Tiger Blanket How to make it up
4. "Tibet, China": "Tibetan folk murals originated from ancient rock paintings"
5. Fan Jiuhui: "Auspicious Year of the Tiger: The Tiger in Bon Painting Art" "
6. "Science of China": "Tale of the Tiger" 2022-01-28
7. China Youth Daily, Baidu Encyclopedia User Comments, etc.
p p p brthe End
"Incrediable Tibet" new media writing Program
"incredible Tibet" (Incrediable Tibet) is iTibet collection new media writing plan created by cross-disciplinary authors such as excellent graphics, text and videos,It aims to present the incredible natural and humanities of the plateau deeply and intimately in various forms such as refined language, exquisite pictures and texts, and wonderful videos. It has been completed "The Incredible Mount Everest", "The Incredible Qiang Pond" , "The Incredible Linzhi", "The Incredible Jiali", "The Incredible Example", "The Incredible: A Brief Natural History of Tibetan Wildflowers", "The Book of Brocades: A Brief Human History of Tibetan Wildflowers", "The Incredible Batang"... and other thematic or regional articles, published on official or private media platforms such as Tibet Human Geography, Milin Tourism, iTibet Community, Batang Cuopou, Tibet Tourism, etc. Main authors: Baiyun Canggou, Tenzeng Yang Zong et al, Welcome to join our writing program, and those who are interested can send a private message to consult.
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