Wang Xuebian.What are the ways to connect high and high [EB/OL]. (2021-09-17)
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VXLa1OGSsZowjvdXcc7LHg
Keywords: High and high and high connection; high school education; university education; intermediary examination
excerpts: High and high connection; high school education; university education; intermediary examination
excerpts : Whether the connection between high schools and universities is effective is not only related to the cultivation of talents, but also an important criterion for evaluating an education system. In the high school stage, there are connection channels such as pre-study courses that rely on cooperation with universities, cooperative education and advance experience, as well as course connections and further guidance for middle schools independently explored; in the university stage, there are connection channels such as freshman admission guidance and undergraduate tutor system; as an admission examination system connecting high school and university intermediaries is also an important connection channel.
In Dewey's educational philosophy, the repetition or disconnection between stages of education is a huge waste. At present, with the promotion of 's popularization of higher education and the popularization of high school education, the problem of the connection between high school and university education is becoming increasingly prominent. Whether the connection between different stages is done well is also an important criterion for measuring and evaluating an education system. Summarizing the theory and practice of previous high-level connections, the paths can be divided into three categories: connection between high school education, connection between university education, and connection between intermediary examinations according to the occurrence stage.
1. Connection of high school education
mostly the connection paths in the high school education stage are completed in cooperation with universities.
cooperates with the university to develop courses. "AP course " is the abbreviation of Advanced Placement Course in English. It originated in the United States in the mid-20th century and is commonly known as "university pre-requisite courses" in China, that is, students in high school pre-study college courses [1]. The pre-study courses are designed to allow high school students who have enough time to get in touch with university course content early, receive training in university thinking and learning methods, and help prepare them for university study and even their future career. In my country, the pre-requisite course developed by Shanghai Jiaotong University in 2003 and East China Normal University Affiliated High School kicked off the opening of such courses in high schools in my country [2]. According to the statistics on the official website of China's prerequisite courses, a total of 54 high schools across the country have offered prerequisite courses.
cooperates with universities to run schools, which is the familiar "university affiliated high school". Through this kind of cooperative education, the sharing of resources between high school and university can be achieved, and it is easier to view high school education and university education from a consistent perspective. As a result, various experimental classes were also explored in the establishment of universities and their affiliated high schools. For example, in 1988, Tsinghua University and its affiliated middle schools jointly established the science experimental class [3]. Since then, similar experimental classes have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain.
Visits and experiences in cooperation with universities. The openness of the university gives high school students the opportunity to experience university life and study in advance. For example, in spring, you can see high school students’ "travel groups" in some universities and visit them in universities. Nankai University also issued a "free class certificate" to high school students, opening classes for local college entrance examination candidates for free, inviting them to experience university life in advance.
In addition, middle schools themselves are also actively exploring ways to connect with universities. For example, , Jiangsu Haimen Middle School, , takes course connection as the main line, explores the connection with the concepts, contents and other aspects of the corresponding courses of the university [4]. In addition, some high schools will also provide students with guidance on their studies and help students fill in the appropriate major based on their wishes and industry prospects.
2. Connection of university education
Most of the connection methods in university education are completed independently by universities.
freshmen's admission guidance. All universities will provide some guidance on life and study for freshmen to more or less, including offering courses; organizing class meetings and grade meetings; carrying out various activities. For example, Tsinghua University offers a full-school guidance elective course for freshmen.Student L said that through the guidance course, I have better thoughts and plans for how to spend my college years [5]. For example, Nanjing Normal University organizes class meetings and grade meetings for freshmen every year, and also conducts activities to visit school history museum to make freshmen more familiar with the school.
tutor system refers to an educational system in which university teachers who serve as tutors regularly provide individual guidance on undergraduate students' academic and character. The undergraduate tutor system originated from the paid tutor system created by the new Oxford University College [6] in the 14th century. In view of its great achievements in talent training, the Oxford tutor system has gradually been imitated by universities around the world. In some universities in my country, the tutor system is also implemented in the undergraduate stage. For example, Anhui Normal University , X1 classmate believes that the tutor has given him a lot of help, whether in life or academic. Student X2 believes that although it is not particularly helpful, there are still some.
3. Intermediate examination connection
Intermediate examination connection is the admissions examination system. As an important way to connect high-level connection, it requires coordination among multiple parties and systematic promotion. Because the admissions exam is not simply connecting high school with universities, it is also the baton of high school education and the touchstone of college students' source, and it is related to the cultivation of people and the operation of the entire education system. In my country, the enrollment examination methods are too single, which leads to a single educational goal in high schools, and the phenomenon of exam-oriented education and score-only theory, which is not conducive to the long-term development of students and the cultivation of university talents. Universities are rich and colorful. Each university has its own characteristics and pursues the cultivation of diverse talents. Students admitted through the single admissions examination are also uniform in all aspects. The university has basically no choice space and cannot select students suitable for the school's own characteristics. Similarly, students cannot enter colleges and universities that are suitable for their own development. In this way, there will naturally be "discomfort". In contrast, other countries, such as Japan, have used diversified examination methods to ensure a smooth transition between middle schools and universities. The forms include general entrance examinations, recommended entrance examinations and AO entrance examinations. The general entrance examination is based on a unified academic qualification test, and each university holds a separate admission examination to select students who are suitable for their own characteristics. The recommended entrance examination is based on the recommendation of the principal of the alma mater's high school. It is exempt from academic qualifications, but it still has to be judged by the university; the AO entrance examination is a method of comprehensively determining the candidate's ability, adaptability, and willingness and purpose of learning through detailed document review and careful interview [7]. Against this background, various innovative education that Japanese high schools act in response to the times aim to cultivate students' learning subjectivity, collaborativeness and criticality [8] and cultivate talents who are more in line with the requirements of universities. Therefore, when the enrollment examinations link the talent training concept of colleges and universities and diversified ways to make the connection meaning greater than the selection meaning, it will naturally be able to effectively connect high schools and universities.
Overall, there are many types of high-end connection channels in my country, but the coverage is insufficient and the influence is not large, and it needs to be broadened and improved.
[1]Zhang Tingting.The development and inspiration of pre-requisite courses in American high school colleges[J]. Educational Science Research. 2015
[2] Xie Haiyang. Support the exploration of the connection between secondary and higher education [N]. Wenhui Daily, 2003
[3] Yu Li. Research on several issues related to education connection [M]. Tongji University Press , 2003
[4] Gu Xueyu. The seamless connection between practical basic education and higher education in Haimen Middle School in Jiangsu Province "focus" becomes "highlight" [J]. Liaowang News Weekly, 2004
[5] Fasten the first button for freshmen in college career - a documentary on the construction of "New Student Guidance Course" courses at Tsinghua University - Tsinghua University (tsinghua.edu.cn)
[6]Du Zhiping.Historical evolution of Oxford University tutor system[M].Beijing Science Press.2015
[7]Xu Chengcheng, Rao from the perspective of "ideal" and "reality" of diversified admission selection methods of Japanese university - "high connection" [J]. Foreign Education Research , 2015
[8]Hu Yonghong. A new exploration of the reform of the Japanese enrollment examination system under the "trial" thinking [J]. Journal of Hebei Normal University, 2017
[8]Hu Yonghong. A new exploration of the reform of the Japanese enrollment examination system under the "trial" thinking [J]. Journal of Hebei Normal University, 2017
1-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-