Northwest University of Political Science and Law is the direct inheritor of Shaanxi North Public School and Yan'an University founded in 1937 by the Communist Party of China in Yan'an. The school has gone through the development and construction periods of Northwest People's Revolutionary University, , Northwest Political and Legal Cadre School, Northwest Branch of the Central Political and Legal Cadre School, Xi'an School of Political and Legal Cadres, Xi'an School of Political and Legal Cadres, and Xi'an School of Political and Economics. It has become the most important legal talent training base for the state to be laid out in the west. It is one of the five famous higher political and legal colleges in the country. It has trained a large number of political cadres, political and legal cadres, ethnic cadres needed by the newly liberated areas and a group of outstanding graduates in philosophy, law, journalism, party history and other majors, and has made important contributions to the construction of the regime, democratic legal system, national unity and social progress in the Northwest region. Over the past eighty years, the school's development has not been smooth sailing, and it has also experienced many difficult and difficult years. The article records the ins and outs of the more than 200,000 copies of allocated documents from Yan'an University in the early days of the school's resumption, and indirectly describes that extraordinary period.
teacher who went to Yan'an University to transport books
5 school runs a disaster and goes forward to it in a tortuous manner
1 In December 1969, the Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee, in accordance with the spirit of the central government's instructions on combat readiness, required teachers, students, staff and families of Northwest University of Political Science and Law to arrive at the evacuation site in Baishui County, Weinan District, Shaanxi Province in late December of that year, and asked the school to hand over all the houses to the 232nd unit to take over. In April 1971, at the National Education Work Conference, in accordance with the spirit of the "Report on the Issues of Adjustment of Colleges and Universities" proposed by the State Council's Education and Science Group, it was decided to abolish 45 colleges and universities nationwide, including Northwest College of Political Science and Law.
Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee Notice Document on the Revocation of Northwest School of Political Science and Law
971 On September 30, 1971, the Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee decided to abolish Northwest School of Political Science and Law with the "Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee Notice on the Revocation of Northwest School of Finance and Economics, Northwest School of Political Science and Law and Hanzhong University" No. 48. The notice clearly stipulates that after the school is abolished, personnel, property, teaching and equipment will be arranged and processed by the Education Bureau of the Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee, and all the school buildings will be handed over to the 232nd Army of the General Post. In August and September 1971, all the faculty and staff of the school were transferred to the General Post 232 troops. All the families have returned to Xi'an from Baishui County . All 266 faculty and staff were assigned to other universities, provincial enterprises and other provinces in the first half of 1972. According to statistics, there were 168 people assigned to Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an Foreign Languages College, Xi'an Metallurgical and Architecture College , Shaanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Northwestern University , Xi'an Medical College , Northwestern Polytechnical University , etc., a total of 27 people were assigned to Shaanxi Heavy Machinery Factory, Hongqi Watch Factory, Guanshan Machinery Factory, etc., and 53 people from other provinces and regions. 18 people worked in the school's left-behind office to deal with school-related matters during the suspension. In 1974, the Education Bureau of the Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee instructed to transfer all the more than 200,000 books and equipment accumulated by the school for decades to today's Yan'an University. In fact, in the winter of 1970, Yan'an University, which was restored in 1958, was almost revoked. Later, it was retained under the personal care of Premier Zhou Enlai. Premier Zhou personally instructed Yan'an University not only to run, but also to run large-scale. The literature equipment of Northwest University of Political Science and Law was allocated to Yan'an University, making the two schools connected with deeper relationships.
The first party secretary after the school resumed school Wang Yun, the president, spoke at the opening ceremony of the 79th grade
1 In October 1976, China's legal education ushered in spring. In October 1977, the college entrance examination system was restored, and China's talent training re-entered the track of healthy development. The history of Northwest School of Political Science and Law opened a new chapter.
, and Yu Ru became
1 On August 5, 2019, the State Council approved the resumption of Northwest School of Political Science and Law at the original site."Supreme People's Court , Supreme People's Procuratorate , Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Education [78] Law No. 82" "Notice on the State Council's Approval of the Resumption of Beijing and Northwest School of Political Science and Law": "Northwest School of Political Science and Law still uses its original school building, with a four-year school system, with a scale of 1,000 students, facing the northwest region, and enrolling students in 1979." It also clearly stipulates that "the school implements dual leadership of the Supreme People's Court and its province and city, and is mainly based on the Supreme People's Court."
school was ordered to resume operations, but it faces many challenges. First, the school site cannot be used normally. During the period when the school was revoked, the school building was used by the troops and could only be gradually cleaned up. Second, there are no ready-made faculty and staff. The original faculty and staff have been adjusted to various places inside and outside the province and some colleges and enterprises, and the personnel transfer process is full of difficulties. Third, there are no textbooks and books. The original books and documents have been allocated, and even if they are coordinated and communicated as soon as possible, it will not be possible to complete it in one day. Fortunately, in accordance with the spirit of the notice of the State Council's resumption of the school by four ministries and commissions, the Shaanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee quickly transferred the old president Wang Yun (born in 1905, from Chunhua, Shaanxi, and served as the Party Secretary and Dean of Xi'an University of Political Science and Law in early 1961, and since 1978), and the Vice President Guo Huaidu (born in 1917, from Linyi, Shanxi, and since March 1957, he served as the director of the Criminal Law Teaching and Research Department, the director of the Department of Political Science and Law, the head of the Political Department of the Academy, and the Standing Committee of the Party Committee at the Northwest Branch of the Central Political and Law Cadre School and the Northwest School of Political Science and Law. In 1972, he served as the Party Secretary of the Basic Department of Xi'an Jiaotong University and the Deputy Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission of the School. In December 1978, he served as the Party Committee Member and Vice President of the Northwest School of Political Science and Law). Both leaders were leaders before the school was abolished, they were familiar with all aspects of the school's work, and had rich school management experience and leadership skills. Strong and powerful organizational leadership enables the school’s work to be carried out in an orderly manner.
Resumption of school has many ideas, but the old dean Wang Yun is very clear that for a university that focuses on liberal arts, the construction of book materials is the most basic construction, and whether it is teaching and research or scientific research, it is inseparable from book materials. He immediately arranged for the then deputy director Chen Meiying to lead teachers Wang Shengcai, Guo Suxian, Gao Lan and Liu Xizhao to negotiate with Yan'an University, and emphasized that it is necessary to ensure that all the books and equipment were allocated when the school was disbanded. After a group of five people arrived at Yan'an University, they received warm reception from the then school leaders of Yan'an University, and the negotiation process was extremely smooth. At that time, Niu Zhenhua, director of the Yan'an University Library, expressed his firm determination to implement the spirit of the superior's instructions, understand the school's difficulties in running schools, and returned all the books and documents from Northwest University of Political Science and Law. In view of the allocation of equipment or use, or being damaged and unable to use, there is no need to bring it back to Xi'an again.
teachers who transported back books to Yan'an University (from left to the next are Gao Lan, Wang Shengcai, Guo Suxian, Chen Meiying, and Liu Xizhao. Wang Shengcai and Chen Meiying passed away)
On July 5, 1977, a major flood occurred in Yan'an. Yan'an University was submerged in the flood. The school was allocated more than 260,000 books of various documents to Yanda, and many of them were submerged in the mud. Director Chen Meiying led everyone to work more than ten hours a day, bringing their own dry food to satisfy their hunger at noon, cleaning up silt and tidying up and packing... Every day, he brought his mud all over his body back to his residence, and he did not rest for a day. After their hard work of not being afraid of dirt or fatigue, they kept cleaning and packing back more than 200,000 books within one month. On the last day of the work task, they took a photo at Baotashan and Yangjialing . Thank you to Yan'an University for your understanding and support, and thank you Director Niu for your outstanding integrity. Later, when Director Niu Zhenhua of Yan'an University Library recalled this history, he also said: "We accepted 257,468 books, newspapers and magazines from Northwest University of Political Science and Law, 3,324 textbooks, 611 other materials, 439 book and reading equipment, and transported 27 trucks, all of which were trucks with back buckets. Although there were only about 200,000 volumes when we pulled it back, this was enough! ! ! These more than 200,000 volumes of documents constitute the basic collection of the Northwest University of Political Science and Law Library after the resumption of the school in 1978.
precious collection, priceless treasure
Among these books and documents rescued from Yan'an, there are more than 20,000 ancient books with more than 20,000 books, and more than 200 letters are precious documents in the Ming and Qing dynasties and documents in the Republic of China period. Three of the ancient books were included in the first batch of rare ancient books in Shaanxi Province during the 2014 National Ancient Book Census. They are: Zhendexiu , written by Zhendexiu , written by Fuzhou official in the first year of Kaiqing (1259) and compiled by Yuanming, "The thirty-seven volumes of the Xishan Zhenwen Zhonggong Reading Secretary A, thirty-seven volumes of the 22 volumes of the 22 volumes of the 22 volumes of the 2014 National Ancient Book Census in Shaanxi Province, written by Yangxiong , written by Yangxiong , written by Liu Zongyuan, written by singxian, Wu Xun, and Sima Guang , written by singxian in the 12th year of Jiajing (1533) and written by Gu Chunshidetang of the six-son book "Hangml1 Xinzun Menmu Five Ministers' Phonetic Notes on Yangzi Fayan Ten Volume "; (Song) Ye collected and compiled by singxian in the 17th year of Jiajing (1538) and compiled by Liu Shixian. These ancient books have gone through twists and turns and are extremely precious.
Among these documents, nearly 600 red documents that have been through two periods of Shaanxi Northern Public School and Yan'an University, and were photocopied in 1952. Only 2,500 complete sets of the Yan'an period "Liberation Daily (1941-1947)" were issued nationwide. There are more than 100,000 valuable materials accumulated during the periods of Northwest People's Revolutionary University, Northwest Political and Legal Cadre School, Northwest Branch of the Central Political and Legal Cadre School, Xi'an Political and Legal College, and Northwest Political and Legal College. In the exhibition of the History Museum of Northwest University of Political Science and Law, the collection chapters stamped with simple large or small, red or blue colors, rectangular, oval and round shapes, all tell the extraordinary journey it has experienced.
At the same time, the National Northwest United University, the National Northwest University, and the Xi'an School of Political Science and Law Book Seal
At the same time, the Sanmin Library and the Jiaotong University Library Book Seal
During the War of Liberation, Yan'an University had several major integrations and adjustments. For example, after the victory of Anti-Japanese War , most teachers and students in Yanda went to Taiyue area to run schools in accordance with the strategic deployment of the Party Central Committee. In August 1945, Yanda Luyi went to Taiyue area to run schools, and later formed the "Northeast Literary and Art Work Team" and the "North China Art Troupe" to advance into the Northeast and North China Liberated Areas. Later, some teachers and students from the Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering of the Academy of Natural Sciences and low-grade students of the Department of Agriculture arrived at Zhangjiakou to run schools. For example, in June 1946, the Party Central Committee decided to lead the vice president Zhang Ruxin to lead most of the teachers and students to go to the Northeast to merge with Northeast University. It can be imagined that every adjustment will lead to a diversion of some books and documents. For example, when Hu Zongnan invaded Yan'an in March 1947, the principal Li Furen led Yan's teachers and students to fight in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia and Shanxi Suizhou areas. Before leaving, Yanda established a solid wall for most important materials in November 1946. At this time, the remaining materials, school tools, books, etc. were completely strengthened. Liu Duanfen Teacher Liu also wrote in "Looking back at Yan'an: Twelve Years of Border Education" that most of the school's books and things that cannot be taken away by marching were sealed in earthen caves or buried on hillsides. Unfortunately, these things were later destroyed by Hu Zongnan's reactionary army when occupying Yan'an. In "Yan'an University in the War of Liberation", Teacher Lu Yi wrote: The three cave books are the most important spiritual food for Yan University teachers and students. Many comrades are reluctant to stick to the walls. The school has to decide that those who can be carved can carry them, but those who cannot be taken away and there are no walls. They buried them all on the spot and buried mines around them. This is also the reason why documents that have passed through the war are very precious.
952 photocopy of the Yan'an period "Liberation Daily" has only 2,500 sets in the country, and only three sets in Shaanxi. Our school's library has a complete set. The Liberation Daily was founded on May 16, 1941. The editing address is located next to the Yanhe of Yanhe , and is far away from Baota Mountain.The Liberation Daily is the first large-scale daily newspaper published in the Anti-Japanese Democratic Base Area. Mao Zedong wrote the registration and wrote the publication speech, clarifying the purpose and task of the newspaper's founding, and demonstrating the consistency between the mission of the Party newspaper and the mission of the Communist Party of China. The Party newspaper is to accurately publicize the party's political tasks in different periods and the lines, principles and policies formulated to complete political tasks, and become a weapon to educate the people and guide revolutionary work. For a long time, the school’s Chinese legal history discipline and revolutionary base areas have been at the forefront of the country, and these basic materials have made an indelible contribution.
At the same time, the Luyi Library, Northwest People's Revolutionary University, and Xi'an Political and Law School Books
At the same time, the Shaanxi Public Library and Yanda Library Books
This batch of books also includes precious documents from the Law Department of Northwest University. Wang Run, then the head of the Law Department of Northwest University, was appointed as the executive deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the School of Political and Law School, which was established in 1958. He fully supported the introduction of nearly 9,000 books from the Law Department of Northwest University, and the vast majority of them were documents of the Republic of China in social sciences. Looking at this clear and bright blue "National Northwest United University Book Collection", "National Northwest University Book Collection", and "National Jiaotong University Book Collection", we all touched the school's long history of scientific research. Mr. Li Wenbin, who served as secretary of the Law Department of Northwestern University, later became a law professor at the school, recalled that he and his colleagues and students personally packed a car to pull all the information and equipment of the Law Department of Northwestern University back to the merged Xi'an School of Political Science and Law. Fang Keqin, a famous legal history professor at the school, recalled that Ren Lin, the library director of Xi'an University of Political Science and Law, bought a large number of line-coated ancient books and documents for the school.
At the same time, it was stamped with Yanda Luochuan Branch Library and Xi'an School of Political Science and Law Book Seal Books
Teacher Liu Xi, who served as the secretary of the library during the Northwest Political and Law Cadre School during the Northwest Branch of the Central Political and Law Cadre School. With his knowledge and appreciation, he bought back many precious collections for us. Each book was carried back from an old bookstore on a bicycle.
In 2014, the school library completed the provincial and municipal movable cultural relics census project, sorting, annotating, taking pictures and building libraries for the documents collected before the founding of New China. In April 2017, the school library was awarded the title of "Advanced Collective, the First National Mobile Cultural Relics Census in Shaanxi Province". Today, it seems that these properly protected documents have not only value in use and cultural relics, but also an important symbol that marks the inheritance of the red gene in our school.
Among the old seniors who went to Yan'an to return to books, Chen Meiying and Wang Shengcai have passed away. Now, you can often meet Teacher Gao Lan, Teacher Liu Xizhao, and Teacher Guo Suxian on campus. They are already 90 years old and are kind and energetic. They are still very interested in talking about the sorting and handling work that year, and say that their sweat has not flowed in vain. It seems ordinary and is great. Here we pay tribute to ordinary workers who have made positive contributions to the development of the school in ordinary jobs.
2014 author interviewed teachers Liu Xi, Gao Lan and Liu Xizhao (Teacher Liu Xi passed away)
You can't go thousands of miles without accumulating small flows, and you can't make a river and sea without accumulating small flows. This year marks the 85th anniversary of the school's establishment and the 42nd anniversary of the resumption of school, which is exactly half. We are delighted to see that the library buildings of the two campuses are located in the center of the school, reflecting the school's development idea centered on teaching and research. The reading environment with rich collections and comfortable environment will inevitably take the school's talent training to a higher level. The school has also undergone profound changes in its campus area, number of teachers and students, talent training, scientific research, and service to the society. The school has always adhered to the original mission of educating people and cultivating talents for the Party and the country, and has always carried forward the fine tradition of political firmness, seeking truth from facts, being brave to innovate, and working hard, and cultivate more and better socialist builders and successors in the new era.
(This article refers to the school history archives and the author's interview with several teachers in the article in 2014. The data picture is a remake of the author's remake when he completed the provincial mobile cultural relics census from 2013 to 2014)
(Source: Northwest University of Political Science and Law WeChat public account; Editor-in-charge: Liu Jiayao)
