021 academic achievement test for the first semester of the academic year
. Multiple choice question Ⅰ (This question has 12 questions, each question has 3 points, and a total of 36 points. Among the four options given in each question, only one option is in line with the question's meaning)
1. Among the following physical quantities, the one that belongs to the vector is ( )
A. Speed B. Time
C. Distance D. Quality
2. The three students went from Beijing to Chongqing, and they chose different modes of transportation. As shown in the figure, student A takes a train, student B takes a plane, student C takes a train to Wuhan first, and then takes a steamer to go up along the Yangtze River . Regarding the distance and displacement of the three students, the correct statement is ( )
A. The distance is the same, the displacement is different B. The distance is the same, the displacement is the same
C. The distance is different, the displacement is different D. The distance is different, the displacement is the same
3. When studying the movement of an object, the object can be regarded as particle under certain conditions. In physics, this research method belongs to an ideal model. In the following competitions, the one that can treat athletes as particles is ( )
A.
trampoline skills B.
diving
C.
C.
Bicycle 4km chase race D.
synchronous swimming
4. As shown in the picture, the photo of the rocket ascends. At this time, the force of the injected gas on the rocket is
A. It is equal to the gravity of the rocket
B. It is equal to the force of the rocket on the injected gas
C. It is less than the force of the rocket on the injected gas
D. It is greater than the force of the rocket on the injected gas
5. As shown in the picture, it is a new high-speed magnetic levitation test vehicle in my country, which will be offline for debugging soon. Because the magnetic levitation principle is adopted, the resistance is much smaller than that of ordinary high-speed rail, and its speed can reach
. high-speed magnetic levitation train has the technical advantages of "start quickly and stop quickly", can give full play to the speed advantage, and is also suitable for medium and short-distance passenger transport. The correct statement is ( )
A. It can "start and stop quickly" means that the acceleration is large
B. The speed can reach
, which refers to the average speed
C. Because the resistance is much smaller than that of ordinary high-speed rail, the inertia of the magnetic levitation test sample car is relatively small
D. Because the running speed of the magnetic levitation test sample car is large, the inertia is large
6. Use International Unit System to verify the following expression. The correct one is ( )
A.
(
is displacement,
is acceleration,
is time)
B.
(
is speed,
is acceleration,
html l4 is time)
C.
(
is time,
is gravity acceleration,
is length)
D.
(
is energy,
is mass,
is speed of light)
7. Magnetic whiteboard eraser can achieve "where to rub, where to put". It is known that the white board in the figure is placed vertically and the white board erases P stationary on the white board, then the force exerted by P is ( )
A. The gravity vertically downward, the static friction force along the direction of a to b54b54. The gravity vertically downward, the static friction force vertically upward
C. The vertical downward gravity, the static friction force along the direction of a to b, the magnetic force inward of the vertical white plate, the elastic force outward of the vertical white plate
D. The vertical downward gravity, the static friction force vertical upward, the magnetic force inward of the vertical white plate, and the elastic force outward of the vertical white plate
8. A physical interest group in a school first year of high school conducted a drone flight performance activity as shown in Figure A.Figure B shows the
image of the drone moving. Regarding the movement of the drone, the correct statement is ( )
A. The acceleration of the drone at the end of
and
B. The drone reaches its highest point at the end of
C. The drone is located above the launch point at the end of
at the end of
D. The direction of acceleration of the drone changes at the end of
9. As shown in Figure A, on a fixed branch, the bird sometimes stops at the A, and sometimes stops at the
4. Figure B is a schematic diagram of this phenomenon. The correct analysis of these two points is ( )
A. The bird is subjected to greater friction when standing at AB. The bird is subjected to greater force when standing at AD. The bird is under the influence of the branches when it is standing at
. As shown in the figure, a classmate weighs his weight at home. When she stands stably, the weight count is
. Later, she found that during the "squat" and "standing up", the weight count changes. Please judge based on the knowledge of overweight and weightlessness that you have learned, the correct statement is ( )
A. During the entire "squat" process, the weight count is always less than
, and weight loss occurs
B. During the entire "standing" process, the number of the weight scale has always been greater than
, and overweight occurs
C. During the entire "standing" process, the number of the weight scale is first less than
and then greater than
D. During the "standing" or "squat", overweight and weightlessness can occur
11. A small ball with mass of
is thrown vertically up close to the wall. Figure A is a strobe photo of the ball moving upward. Figure B is a strobe photo of the ball falling back.
is the highest point of movement. The flash frequency of A and B two times is the same, and the gravity acceleration is
. Assume that the resistance the ball is not affected. If the resistance is changed, it can be estimated that the ball is subjected to about ( )
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. As shown in the figure, a smooth slope with an inclination angle of θ is placed on the horizontal ground. When the inclined surface is fixed, a slider slides down along the inclined surface (as shown in Figure A), and the pressure of the slider to the inclined surface is F1; if the inclined surface is accelerated horizontally to the right under the push of the horizontal external force F, and the slider and the inclined surface are exactly stationary (as shown in Figure B), the pressure of the slider to the inclined surface is F2. Then F1:F2 is equal to ( )
A. sin2θ:1 B. cos2θ:1 C. cosθ:1 C. cosθ:sinθ D. 1:1
2. Multiple choice question II (This question has 3 questions, each question has 4 points, and a total of 12 points. Among the four options given in each question, at least one option meets the requirements of the question. All those who choose the right one get 4 points, those who choose the right one but are incomplete will get 2 points, and those who choose the wrong one get 0 points.)
13. The following statement about the relationship between component force and combined force, the correct one is ( )
A. The combined force and its two component forces act on the object at the same time
B. The magnitude of the combined force is equal to the algebra of the magnitude of the two component forces
C. The combined force may be smaller than any of its component forces
D. The magnitude of the combined force may be equal to the magnitude of a certain component force
14. As shown in the figure, an object M placed on a horizontal ground is stacked with an object m. There is a spring in a compressed state between m and M. The entire device is in a stationary state. The correct analysis of the following force conditions of m and M is ( )
A. m gives M the left friction force
B. M gives M the left friction force
C. The ground faces M’s friction force
D. The ground faces M’s friction force
15. As shown in the figure, a small ball falls freely from a place directly above the light spring standing on the ground. The contact spring compresses the rear spring, ignoring the air resistance. During the entire compression process ()
A. The small ball keeps decelerating and moves
B. The small ball accelerates first and then decelerates
C. When the ball speed is maximum, the spring force is equal to the gravity of the ball
D. When the spring compression amount is maximum, the ball acceleration is zero
3. Experimental question (17 points)
16. As shown in Figure A, a student used spring
and spring scales
and
and
to conduct an experiment on "exploring the synthesis of two forces at angles" to "exploring the synthesis of rules for two forces at angles".
(1) Under the condition that the spring
is stretched
and the two end points of the spring are unchanged, if the angle between the spring scale
and
is
, the spring scale
3is
, the spring scale
The number ofis shown in Figure B. The reading of spring scale
is _________
. If it is known that the reading of spring scale
is
and has been made on the graph paper, please make the tension of spring scale
and their combined force on the given graph paper according to the requirements of the drawing method. ________
(2) The stiffness coefficient of spring
is _______.
(3) As shown in the figure Ding is a diagram of the relationship between the combined force and the parting force made by a classmate, the actual combined force is _______ (optional fill in
or
), and the combined force must be in the direction of
is _______ (optional fill in
or
)
17. A classmate uses the device shown in Figure A to "explore the relationship between the acceleration of an object and the force and mass." In the experiment, he used the gravity of the groove code as the magnitude of the cart tension by the thin line, and changed the tension by changing the number of groove codes. In order to make the tension of the thin line on the car equal to the external force exerted by the car, the resistance and other resistance of the DOP timer on the car and the other resistance of the are compensated in the experiment.
(1) The unnecessary among the following equipment is ________ (fill in the alphabetical code).
A. Stopwatch B. Balance (including weights) C. scale
(2) He used small wooden blocks to raise the right side of the long board to compensate for the drag timer's resistance to the car and other resistance. The specific operation is: after appropriately raising one side of the wooden board, put the cart with the paper tape on the wooden board, and the paper tape passes through the limit hole of the dot timer. When the dot timer______ (option fill in "dot dot" or "no dot"), gently push the cart. If the cart drags the paper tape and moves in a uniform linear manner, it means that the effect of resistance is eliminated.
(3) In an experiment, the student obtained the paper tape as shown in Figure B. It is known that the power frequency used for the Dunk Timer is
. There are four points between the counting points
,
,
,
,
,
, and
.Then the speed of the car is
when you call
_________
(the result retains the three-digit valid digit ).
(4) When he explored the relationship between the acceleration of the car
and the tension force
, the
image based on experimental data is shown in Figure C. I found that the graph line was not the origin, because the reason might be ______.
A. One end of the wooden board without pulley is too high
B. One end of the wooden board without pulley is too low
C. The number of slot codes is too many
D. There are only one trough codes
(5) Another student also conducted the following experiment: As shown in Figure Ding, without changing the quality of the car and the number of slot codes, remove the dot timer and the paper tape behind the car, and fix it on the car with a smartphone with acceleration measurement function to measure the acceleration. The measurement result is smaller than that measured with the dot timer. Why does the acceleration value measured with a smartphone become smaller? Choose one of the most appropriate explanations from the following options. _______
A. Because the smartphone
mass specific gravity is smaller
B. Because the smartphone is placed on the car, the overall
mass has become larger
C. Because the smartphone is placed on the car, the friction is reduced
D. Even if a smartphone is placed on the car, the tension of the rope has not changed
4. Calculation questions (This question has 35 points in total, and the answer should be written with necessary text descriptions. Equations and important calculation steps only write out the last answer that cannot be scored. For questions with numerical calculations, the values and units must be clearly written in the answer.)
18. As shown in the figure, use the horizontal pulling force of
to make the object with mass
from stationary to accelerate the linear motion along the smooth horizontal plane. Find:
(1) The acceleration size of the object
;
(2) The displacement size of the object in the first 4 seconds
.
19. A parachute jumper performed low-altitude parachute . He left the hovering plane at
off the ground and then left the free landing
, then opened the parachute. After the parachute was opened, the athlete did even slowing down. When he reached the ground, the speed of
was
, achieving safe landing. Find:
(1) The speed of the athlete when opening parachute
;
(2) The athlete does uniform slowing exercise after opening the parachute
acceleration size
;
(3) The total time for the athlete from leaving the plane to safe landing
.
20. A kindergarten built a slide in an open space. The length of the slide is
and the height of the slide is
. A child of
started to slide down from the top of the slide at a standstill. It was measured that the time it took to slide to the bottom was
. g takes 10m/s2, and find children:
(1) Sliding on the slide
acceleration size;
(2) The friction force is subject to sliding on the slide;
(3) The dynamic friction factor of the trouser material and the slide .
21. The 24th Winter Olympic Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou , and curling competition is one of the events. In the curling competition shown in the figure, the athlete throws the curling horizontally and stops at a distance without colliding with other curling. If the dynamic friction factor between the curling and the ice surface is
, the athlete throws the curling out at the speed of
.
(1) How far does the curling slide on the ice?
(2) If the teammates start rubbing the ice surface in front of the curling after freely sliding
, the distance to rub the ice surface is
, the dynamic friction factor between the curling and the ice surface becomes the original
, how much distance does the curling slide?
(3) If the teammate starts rubbing the ice surface somewhere in front of the curling freely sliding, the distance to rub the ice surface is still
, and the dynamic friction factor between the curling and the ice surface still becomes the original
. From where to start rubbing the ice surface, what is the longest time to slide in the curling?
