2022 registered safety engineer chemical gold test points basic principles and methods for fire extinguishing, note the notes of the Academic Master, hold on to like + forward + comments to continue to update, click on my avatar on the Wendang version and send a private message to me: 2022
1. Basic principles of fire extinguishing
0 All fire extinguishing methods are to destroy the combustion conditions that have been generated.
2. Fire extinguishing method
suffocation fire extinguishing method, cooling fire extinguishing method, isolation fire extinguishing method, chemical inhibit fire extinguishing method, etc.
1) Asphyxiation fire extinguishing method (reduce the effective oxygen content)
Asphyxiation fire extinguishing method prevents air from flowing into the combustion zone, or dilutes the air with inert gas, so that the combustion substances are extinguished because they do not get enough oxygen.
3) Isolation of fire method (existing combustible materials and combustible materials)
isolates or evacuates the combustion substance from nearby unburned combustible materials, causing combustion to stop due to lack of combustible materials.
2) Cooling fire extinguishing method
sprays the fire extinguishing agent directly on the burning object, and reduces the temperature of the combustible substance below the ignition point to terminate combustion.
4) Chemical inhibition and extinguishing method ( halogenated alkyl fire extinguishing agent, dry powder fire extinguishing agent)
When using this type of fire extinguishing agent, be sure to spray the fire extinguishing agent accurately in the combustion area, otherwise the fire extinguishing effect will be poor.
2. Foam fire extinguishing agent —Cooling, isolation (oil tank fire)
Foam fire extinguishing agent is mainly used to extinguish water-soluble combustible liquids and general solid fires. Foam fire extinguishing agents can also be divided into low-multiple foam liquid, medium-multiple foam liquid and high-multiple foam liquid according to the foaming multiple. Among them, low-multiple foam liquid can also be divided into protein foam liquid, fluoroprotein foam liquid, water film forming foam liquid, anti-soluble foam liquid, etc. according to different properties.
3. Dry powder fire extinguishing agent —Chemical inhibition, isolation, cooling, suffocation
(1) Ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agent, suitable for extinguishing Class B and Class C fires, also known as BC dry powder.
(2) Multi-purpose dry powder fire extinguishing agent, suitable for extinguishing Class A, B and C fires, also known as ABC dry powder. (Multi-purpose dry powder fire extinguishing agent— phosphate fire extinguishing agent)
(3) Class D dry powder. Class D dry powder refers to dry powder suitable for extinguishing Class D fires, also known as special dry powder.
4. Inert gas fire extinguishing agent—cooling, suffocating
gas fire extinguishing agent achieves the purpose of extinguishing fire by reducing the concentration of oxygen in the protective area, so that the fire cannot continue to burn.
2) Classification of gas fire extinguishing agents
(1) Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agents.
(2) Inert mixed gas fire extinguishing agent. The inert mixed gas fire extinguishing agents on the market currently dominate the market include: IG-55 fire extinguishing agent, IG-01 fire extinguishing agent, IG-100 fire extinguishing agent and IG-541 fire extinguishing agent.
6. Halogenated alkyl fire extinguishing agent—cooling, suffocation, chemical inhibition
heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent, fluorinated ketone fire extinguishing agent, trifluoromethane fire extinguishing agent. Basic principles and methods of fire extinguishing
(I) Cooling fire extinguishing: destroying the source of fire (temperature) - water
(II) Isolation fire extinguishing: destroying combustible substances - foam
(II) Suffocating fire extinguishing: destroying combustible substances (oxidant) - CO2, N2
(IV) Chemical inhibition fire extinguishing: destroying chain reaction free radicals - dry powder, halogenated alkyl
Selection of fire extinguishing agent:
(I) Foam fire extinguishing agent - oil tank fire (low multiple foam fire extinguishing system)
(II) Library, precision equipment rooms - gas fire extinguishing agent (halogenated alkyl)
