Electric cars do not necessarily run the fastest, but they may run farther.
Due to the urgent need for environmental protection and low carbon, many countries have announced the ban on the sale of fuel vehicles. Among them, the news that General Motors will only sell electric vehicles from 2035 shocked the global auto industry: automakers have to strengthen their electrification efforts, and chemical fuel suppliers need to find alternatives to petroleum and gasoline as soon as possible.
For the upcoming "electric future", people seem to be ready to welcome it.
Today's electric cars provide what seemed impossible in the past: a safe, green and high-performance driving experience. In recent years, great progress in high-voltage physics, material science, and advanced circuits has helped these changes become reality: In China, the government is accelerating the implementation of sustainable development strategies and stimulating consumer demand for electric vehicles and corresponding incentive measures. Air pollution is a major public health problem.
Energy War
On the technical route of new energy vehicles, giants in the global automotive industry have always had a lot of differences. Some are determined to choose pure electric, some are optimistic about hybrids, and others are looking towards Hydrogen energy.
Looking back on the past 2020, the four major auto industries in Germany, Japan, the United States and China have reached a consensus on the electrification of vehicles.
Nowadays, as the global car ownership continues to increase, oil consumption has become a big problem. Take my country as an example. In 2019, China's oil dependence on foreign countries has reached 70.8%. This problem is even worse for Germany and Japan. Both Germany and Japan have close to 100% dependence on oil. In the event of an "oil shortage", these major auto countries will face the risk of a sharp drop in sales.
Use electricity instead of oil, that is, to change to an energy source that we have a comparative advantage. New energy vehicles are the energy that drives cars, from oil that must pass through the Malacca Strait to coal in Shanxi, water in Sichuan, and wind in Zhangjiakou, which can get rid of dependence on oil. Similarly, Germany and Japan can also develop clean energy such as nuclear power, wind power, and solar power.
Regarding environmental issues,Someone may question the pollution of the battery and the power generation itself.
At this point, we need to grasp a principle: the treatment of scattered mobile pollution sources is far more difficult than the treatment of centralized fixed sources. Therefore, it is far less difficult to manage a power plant with excessive emissions than it is to manage hundreds of millions of vehicles with excessive exhaust gas. This is a reduction in environmental protection.
Moreover, oil is a non-renewable energy source. The pollution and consumption of oil caused by gasoline vehicle fuel is inevitable. In contrast, if electricity production comes from clean and renewable energy, electric vehicles It can be regarded as truly environmentally friendly.
speed disadvantage
In racing terms, there are two words "fast acceleration" and "highest speed". In drag racing, the "faster acceleration" vehicle reaches a higher speed during the race, but the "highest speed" vehicle reaches the finish line first.
The speed difference between an electric car and a gasoline car lies in these two words: the former can start and accelerate faster than the latter, but an electric car cannot travel faster, so when it lasts for a long time after starting, the highest speed of a gasoline car It does have a performance advantage.
Dustin Grace, a former Tesla engineer, explained on this point: First, the torque produced by electric vehicles is much greater than that produced by gasoline vehicles. This is very important because torque drives the vehicle forward. Power. Second, the electric motor of an electric vehicle eliminates the need for traditional transmissions in many modern designs. The power goes directly to the wheels and can be accelerated instantly, which makes the electric vehicle start faster.
Electric cars produce the same torque no matter how fast they drive, while gasoline cars have a so-called torque curve, which is the position where the maximum torque is produced within the engine power range. However, just as gasoline cars cannot use every point of their rated power, in most cases, electric cars cannot use their full torque.
In terms of starting acceleration, current electric vehicles have great advantages. However, the electric vehicle industry is also aware of a problem: how to increase the maximum speed of cars so that electric vehicles can completely replace gasoline vehicles?
to get to its roots,It is precisely because of the lack of gearbox design that the maximum speed of electric vehicles is slower than in other situations. Well-designed gearboxes, especially gearboxes used in EVs, can act as an intermediary to help manage the power output and battery range of the car. It will be possible to travel at a faster speed for a longer period of time while wasting less energy.
With a clear goal, the future of electric vehicles is bound to be brighter.
"one super, many strong" to "two supers, many strong"
In the past, the world of electric vehicles was led by Tesla, Lexus, BMW, BYD and other "one super How strong" the situation.
From the second half of 2020, the phenomenon of traditional forces starting to get together as new energy vehicle brands has become more and more intense.
Prior to this, GAC Ion, as a new force born out of a traditional car company, successfully established a foothold in the market in just two years, with a number of new energy vehicle products for mainstream competitive markets. Has been recognized by consumers. In particular, GAC AION S, this mid-to-high-end sedan is one of the most popular models in the pure electric sedan market in 2020, and its annual sales volume is second only to Tesla Model 3.
Some people predict that by 2021, with the overall continued improvement of the new energy vehicle market and GAC Aian’s steady progress over the years, AION S will become the super rival of the domestic Model 3, making the pure electric car market a "two super "How strong" the pattern.
In 2020, 8 of the top ten new energy vehicle sales models are pure electric vehicles. Excluding A00 sedans such as Hongguang MINI and Euler R1, the two highest-selling vehicles are the middle and high-end models on the current market. Representatives of pure electric cars are GAC AION S and Tesla Model 3. It is worth mentioning that, compared to Model 3’s rapid progress, GAC AION S focuses on a steady and steady performance. It has been in hot sales since its launch in mid-2019, with sales of over 450,000 units in 2020.It has become the only pure electric smart car to enter the top ten sales of Chinese brand cars, and it has entered the hinterland of the fuel vehicle market, opening a new situation for pure electric.
There are two trends that can be seen behind the history of the new energy vehicle market: first, the proportion of pure electric passenger vehicles has further increased to 82% of the overall new energy passenger vehicle share; The market share of medium and high-end pure electric cars increased to 34.3%, ranking first in the market segment. This shows that the mainstream technology route of new energy passenger vehicles is still dominated by pure electricity, and the most promising of pure electricity is undoubtedly the middle and high-end cars.
With the development of science and technology, the cost of electric vehicle batteries will drop significantly. Coupled with the promotion of policies, it is believed that the scene of having an electric vehicle in every household may be seen soon.
(article by Huang Yujia)
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