In the history of the Chinese revolution, there was a living Buddha of Tibetan Buddhism. He not only led a massive peasant uprising, but also gloriously joined the Communist Party of China. This is the 18th Huailai Cang Living Buddha from Songmingyan Temple, Hezheng County, Linxi

18th Huailai Cangleba Buddha

18th Huailai Cangleba Buddha , nickname Kang San Ge, and sutra name Jinba Jiamucuo. Born on October 17, 1916 in a poor Tibetan family in Labrang Town, Xiahe County, Gannan. Later, the whole family was trapped in Linxia Jishishan County. In August 1922, his father Luo Zang was killed by the landlord Yibula, and from then on the left was the orphan and widowed mother, suffering all the sufferings in the world. A few months later, his mother Li Liangcun took Kang San Ge to the garrison of Daohe ( Linxia County formerly known as Linxia County) to file a complaint. In the court, the 7-year-old Kang Sange saw the official standing up but not kneeling. The guards shouted sternly, "Who are you? How dare you not kneel?" Kang Sange replied loudly, "I am a living Buddha, I want to seek justice for my family ." At this time, a monk from Songmingyan Temple in Hezheng County was looking for the reincarnation of the 17th Huailai Cang Living Buddha in the temple. When the monks heard this news, they secretly and thoroughly investigated and identified Kang Sange as the 18th Leba Buddha in April 1923. In Hezheng County, Kang Sange was welcomed into Hezheng County Songmingyan Temple , and the place of support was Kangdu Temple (Shuimochuan Temple) in Zhuoni County. Then he went to Kangduo Temple to study cultural knowledge and Buddhist scriptures, and took the name of the scriptures of Jinba Jiamucuo. In 1931, he received the ordination and officially "sitting on the bed" at Kangdu Temple became the 18th Huailai Cangleba Buddha. During this period, he went out of the temple many times to pray for the people to make trouble, eliminate disasters and make troubles worse, and is loved by the people. However, after Lepa Buddha became a living Buddha, his family still did not change his fate, and his family still lived a displaced life. The mother was forced to jump into the river and committed suicide due to lack of life; the eldest brother was killed by Ma Bufang for cover-up. The hardships and miserable childhood and the tragic experience of the family had a great impact on Lebafu. Seeing the lower-class people live a life worse than pigs and dogs since childhood, it created Lebafu's original intention to distinguish between hate and love, save suffering, and have the idea of ​​changing the fate of poor people.

linxia Songmingyan Temple

In August 1935, the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army passed through Gannan, Gansu, and Lebafo had rescued many injured Red Army soldiers. According to the recollection of Mr. Yahanzhang, one of the party introducers of Lebafu, a young Red Army soldier who fell behind when he was sick had lived in Kangduo Temple to recuperate. Lebafo often chatted with him, and since then he left a good impression of the Communist Party and the Red Army in his mind, which also changed his life and had the idea of ​​overthrowing the old society by force. He once said to people around him: " We should also do our best to serve the people like the Red Army and overthrow this cannibalistic world. " In order to realize his ideal as soon as possible, Leba Fo Guang and Guangdong exchanged progressive people from all walks of life, important backbone of the early Gansu Democratic League Wang Zhongjia (Lintao people), Mao Kelang ( Tongwei ), and Communist Party members Xiao Huanzhang (Jingyuan people), Ma Fushan ( Guanghe people), and others met at this time.

In 1940, Lebafo secretly connected poor farmers and herdsmen in the areas of Zhuonikondo and Piaowa, established the "Caodengcaowa" (Seven Tribes Organization), and secretly mobilized the masses in Zhuoni and Lintan to resist food and donations, and carry out revolutionary struggles. In 1942, southern Gansu encountered a severe drought, and people were living in poverty and starving. The Kuomintang government not only did not provide relief to the people, but instead made a clever name to increase donations and taxes to exploit the people. Lepafo witnessed the suffering of the people with his own eyes and was extremely indignant. On January 26, 1943, Lebafo sent Nian Danzeng to Goujiatan, Lintao to attend a meeting organized by Wang Zhongjia, and agreed to launch an uprising with the peasant armed forces in Lintao, Kangle , and Minxian on the second day of the lunar calendar. Later, due to various reasons, the uprising was postponed to around the 20th day of the second lunar month. This uprising is called " Gannan peasant uprising ".

Zhunikondo Temple

1943 Lunar 20, an uprising broke out. Lebafo gathered more than 3,000 Han and Tibetan people from Lintan and Zhuoni in Yeliguanquantan, Lintan County and rose up, proposing the slogan "Officials forced the people to rebel, but the people had to rebel" to form a "hungry people's group", raised the flag and swore to launch an uprising. Lebafo was appointed commander-in-chief and the rebel army was divided into three regiments.On the night of the 22nd, the rebel army captured the county town of Lintan County (now Lintan New Town), and killed county magistrate Xu Wenying, secretary of the Kuomintang county party committee Zhao Tingdong and others. After entering the new city, the rebels did not harm the people. They released prisoners and opened warehouses to release grain to help the people. The rebel army was supported by the poor people in Lintan and Zhuoni, and they responded to joining the rebel army. In just a few days, the rebel army had grown to more than 4,000 people.

In order to echo the troops of Wang Zhongjia, Ma Fushan and Mao Kelang who revolted in Lintao and other places, Lebafo led the rebel army to march into Minxian after a brief rest and recuperation at Daqiaoguan and Shila Road. On the way, he encountered a security brigade led by Min County Commissioner Hu Shouqian, and Lebafo organized suicide squads to defeat the enemy. However, because there are many Kuomintang troops in Minxian and their weapons are better than those in the rebel army, Lebafo had to return to Lintan and Zhuoni areas. Some of them crossed Daling Mountain and returned to Yeli Pass, crossed the Tao River through Kangle Wangzigou and the Slanted Beach, and met with Wang Zhongjia, Xiao Huanzhang and Mao Kerang's troops at Menlousixia City. After the meeting, the rebel army was officially named " Gansu Farmers Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Army ". At this point, the rebel army was very powerful, and people from all over the country brought their own horses and weapons, and there were endless people coming to join the army. The rebel army quickly grew to more than 50,000 people, involving more than 20 counties including Lintan, Zhuoni, Lintao, Kangle, Guanghe, etc.

Inside the Leba Buddha Revolutionary Memorial Hall in Songming Town, Hezheng County, Linxia

In April, various rebel troops broke through the blockade, and gathered in Wuma Town, Wushan County to hold a Wuma Conference. 15 people including Lebafo, Wang Zhongjia, Ma Fushan, Shui Zhendong, Xiao Huanzhang, Wu Jianwei, Nian Yongtai attended the meeting. The meeting decided to support the Kuomintang cavalry battalion commander of Wudu, , Zhang Yingjie, , to revolt. The rebel army surrounded Meichuan Town, Minxian County through Xinbao, Berlin and Zhongzhai. Then he detoured to Shendu and Lujing south. After a short rest in Dangchang , I successfully passed the good achievements and entered Wudu Linba. On the way, Lebafo led his army to fight many times. The Taozhou rebel army was strong in combat and often took on key tasks. At this time, Zhang Yingjie and Wang Deyi had already rebelled and planned to seize Wudu after joining the main force. At this time, the Gannan Uprising Army had a population of 100,000. The massive uprising caused shock to the Kuomintang. Chiang Kai-shek mobilized the 59th Division, the 7th Division, the 12th Division, the 15th Division, the 1st Cavalry Regiment and the 2nd Infantry Regiment of Ma Bufang to attack the rebel army frantically. The 100,000 peasant uprising army had no chance of winning in the face of well-equipped enemies, so they had to give up their plan to capture Wudu.

In early June, various rebel troops met with Caochuan Cliff in Wudu and established the " Northwest Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army ". Zhang Yingjie was appointed as the commander-in-chief, Wang Zhongjia was the deputy commander-in-chief, and Liu Ming was the chief of staff. At this time, the uprising army had more than 80,000 soldiers from various tribes including Han, Tibetan, Hui, and Dongxiang. They were organized into ten armies, and Lebafo served as the commander of the Tibetan army on Taomin Road. The meeting decided to divide troops into three groups and head towards Yan'an. Wang Zhongjia and Guo Huaru are on the right side, Zhang Yingjie is on the left side, and Lebafo, Xiao Huanzhang and Liu Ming are on the middle side. After the meeting, the rebel army did not have the correct leadership and internal discord, and there was insufficient supply of weapons and ammunition. The Kuomintang sent 50 regiments, and the Lanzhou Air Force sent planes to strafuse and assisted the war. Local security forces cooperated with the encirclement and interception, and the uprising eventually failed. This uprising lasted for 7 months, with seven or eight ethnic groups from more than 20 counties participating, with a maximum of more than 100,000 people. It was an uprising with the nature of a national united front. Although the uprising failed, it shook the Kuomintang's rule in Gansu, restrained the Kuomintang army from blocking and attacking the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and objectively contributed to the anti-Japanese national war led by the Communist Party of China, the new democratic revolution and the birth of the new China.

Lebafu's martyr's certificate

Lebafu led the rebel army back to Lintan. The 50th Division of the Kuomintang frantically encircled and killed the backbone of the uprising in Lintan and Zhuoni. More than 3,000 revolutionary martyrs including Wang Dingchen were brutally killed. Lebafo could not gain a foothold in Lintan and Zhuoni, so he turned to Xiahe for activities under the cover of the masses. Later, the situation became worse and he could not gain a foothold in Xiahe, so he had to seek refuge with his friend Fan Xinmin, a Ningxia.In May 1946, Lebafo returned to Hezheng County, Linxia. He heard that underground parties were in activities in Minxian, Weiyuan and other places, which would facilitate their trip to Weiyuan at the end of the year. After being introduced by Xia Shangzhong and Li Yongfa, he met with Gao Jianjun, Wan Liangcai, and others, the leaders of the Longyou Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. Lebafo yearned for the Communist Party and realized that only under the leadership of the Communist Party can the desire to save the country and the people can be realized. He actively demanded to join the Communist Party of China. Introduction by Gao Jianjun and Ya Hanzhang, Lebafo joined the Communist Party of China.

In June 1947, the Longyou Working Committee decided to send Lebafo to Yan'an to study and report on work. When he was passing through Sanshidun, Anguo Town, Pingliang, he unfortunately died in a car accident. 31-year-old life stopped here, and a young life gloriously devoted himself to the cause of communism and to the prosperous road of seeking happiness for the people. Longyuan was sad about this, and Taoshui sobbed about this! The party organization secretly buried him in the south trench of Thirteen Dun, Anguo Town, Pingliang. There was no tombstone and only a blue brick was used as a mark.

In September 1981, at the "Gannan Peasant Uprising Symposium" held by the Gansu Provincial Party Committee , the news of Lebafo's death was made, and an objective evaluation of Lebafo's historical achievements were also recognized as a martyr. As the religious leader Living Buddha, Lepa Buddha held up the banner of righteousness and led Tibetan and Han monks and lay people to resist the tyranny of the Kuomintang, and later joined the Communist Party of China, which is rare in modern history of our country. People of all ethnic groups in Gansu praised him as "'s model of loving the party and the people and a model of national unity. "

Lintan County "Lebafo Martyrs Memorial Hall, leader of the Gannan Peasant Uprising Leader"

In order to commemorate this outstanding uprising leader, Zhuoni County, Gannan Prefecture built the "Lebafo Martyrs Memorial Pavilion" on the ancient Yachuan Mountain in 1987; in 1989, Gansu Provincial People's Publishing House published "Lebafo Biography". In the same year, Gansu TV station filmed the TV series "Leba Buddha Legend"; in 2008, Lintan County, Gannan Prefecture built the "Leba Buddha Martyrs Memorial Hall, the leader of the Gannan Peasant Uprising Leader" in Yeliguan Town; in 2009, Songming Town, Hezheng County, Linxia Prefecture built the "Leba Buddha Revolutionary Memorial Hall". In the same year, Lebafo was named "a figure in Gansu's touching anniversary of the founding of New China". Now all the monuments, memorial pavilions and memorial halls in Gansu Province commemorating Leba Buddha have become patriotic education bases and party history education bases in Gansu Province.

" Minshan is not ink for thousands of years of paintings, Tao River has no strings and qiuqin. Living Buddhas are benevolent in Longyuan, and martyrs are famous in history!" The towering Minshan will remember you, the Tao River flows day and night will remember you, and the children of Longyuan will not forget you! Inspired by your spirit, the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will surely be realized.