Toddlers have weak body resistance and often catch colds and fevers. For children, other diseases induced by colds are the most dangerous, and immune thrombocytopenia is one of them. What exactly is
? This disease was formerly known as: idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, referred to as ITP (hereafter ITP is used to replace immune thrombocytopenia), and it is also the most common bleeding disorder in children. The main clinical manifestations are: spontaneous bleeding of the skin and mucous membranes, thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time, and poor clot shrinkage. The important role of
platelets
platelets play the function of hemostasis and coagulation in the body. Without platelets, we are a "glass man", unable to fall or touch. The value of normal human platelets is usually maintained at (100～300)×10^9/L. When platelets are at (10～50)×10^9/L, blood vessel fragility increases, bleeding of different degrees may occur, and gums may appear Bleeding, nose bleeding, skin bleeding; when the platelet is less than 10×10^9/L, severe bleeding is very easy to occur, once intracranial bleeding occurs, it is very dangerous.
virus infection is closely related to ITP
Many children often have a history of viral colds before the onset of the disease, and often have bleeding spots on the skin and mucous membranes or bleeding from the nose after a cold. So, is ITP caused by a virus? Experts believe that virus infection is not a direct cause of the disease, but that the virus infection causes the body to produce antibodies. Such antibodies can cross-react with the platelet membrane to destroy the platelets.
In addition, after a virus infection, the antigen-antibody complex formed in the body can attach to the surface of platelets, causing platelets to be easily destroyed by the mononuclear-macrophage system and shortening the lifespan of platelets. To sum up, after the virus infection, it causes the body's immune disorder, causing the body to destroy its own platelets! Can
get ITP cured?
At present, 80% to 90% of children can be cured after treatment or observation, and 10% to 20% can relapse and progress to chronic (repetitively greater than 6 months), and the fatality rate is about 0.5% to 1%, mainly due to the skull Internal bleeding.
The current first-line treatment of ITP is: glucocorticoids, immunoglobulins, and platelet transfusions. Because of the presence of antibodies that destroy platelets in children, repeated platelet transfusions are not currently recommended. Only emergency bleeding and life-threatening situations, such as intracranial bleeding or visceral bleeding, require emergency platelet transfusion. When the first-line treatment of chronic ITP is not effective, you can also choose second-line drugs: splenectomy, immunosuppressants, vincristine, TPO, rituximab, etc. Once it becomes chronic, treatment often needs to be individualized, and drug selection should fully weigh the pros and cons.
Always be vigilant
Parents should be vigilant after a child catches a cold. If you find bleeding spots, gum bleeding, or nose bleeding, even if it is not serious, you should go to the hospital to check the blood routine, so you can rest assured! In addition, if you have ITP, you must have confidence, because most of them can be cured after treatment. However, you must strictly follow the doctor's advice and pay attention to safety. It is best to have multiple people to look after, because the baby is really untouchable at this time, and safety is very important.
