The second test center of the child care department is here.

2021/10/1223:17:07 baby 631

If you are nervous, quickly turn the pressure into motivation and review the grand cause arrangement! Today is the sorting out of test sites for "Knowledge and Abilities of Nursery Education" for children. Friends who are taking the kindergarten test, take him!

1 test sites: the famous children's education thought

principle that pre-school education The high-frequency test sites in the first module—the famous educator’s children’s educational thoughts, have been involved in the examination of the objective questions of the national examination qualification certificate over the years. Special attention should be paid to , Froebel, Montessori, and Chen Heqin , Tao Xingzhi several children's thoughts and famous masterpieces.

Froebel:

Masterpiece: " human education _ _ _ _ _ _

Grace ; Proposed "Parents are the first teachers of children"; In 1840,Name the first kindergarten in the world.

Montessori:

Masterpiece: "Childhood Secrets"

puts forward a "" educational thought; the key to absorbing the mentality of preparedness educate.

Chen Heqin:

Main contributions: put forward "live education"; "five-finger activities" curriculum; value home cooperation; known as the "father of early childhood education" in China.

Tao Xingzhi:

Main contributions: put forward "life education, mass education, rural education"; put forward the "six liberation"; "teaching as one" education method.

2 test sites: "Directions of Preschool Education (Trial)"

hereinafter referred to as "Outline" and "Guide",These two preschool education regulations have been involved in the National Examination in the past two years, and the question types include multiple choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. For example, in the second half of 2015, the educational goals in the single-choice question "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education (Trial)" mostly use words such as "experience", "feeling", "like", and "willing", which shows that kindergarten education emphasizes; why can't short answer questions Use "3~6 Years Old Children's Learning and Development Guide" as a "ruler" to measure all young children? Please explain the reasons; the first half of 2016 essay question: teachers respect the significance of individual differences in young children and their actions, etc., here is a reminder Candidates, this test site is still important in the National Examination in the second half of this year, and you should pay special attention to the following aspects when preparing for the test: Collaborator, facilitator?

2. What aspects should be considered in the assessment of early childhood development? What is the specific content of each aspect?

2. Learning and development goals in each field?

The above is a list of must-see knowledge points for everyone. For details, please refer to the "Outline" and "Guide". content.

test sites 3: Classification game

depending on the type of game can be Divided into many types,In the examinations over the years, it often appears in the form of multiple choice questions, combining the cases in the question stem to choose the correct game type. The most frequently tested are:

1. According to the role and purpose of education: creative games (playing games, Role games, structure games) and regular games (sports games, music games, intellectual games)

2. According to the level of social development: casual games, bystander games, single games, parallel games, joint games, Cooperative games (which should focus on the age stage and game characteristics of the latter three games)

3. According to the level of cognitive development: sensory motor games, symbolic games, structure games, and rules games.

4 test sites: role-playing games

reason singled out the role-playing games, It is because it is almost a required knowledge point in the subjective questions of the qualification certificate examination. The first half of 2015: Briefly describe the observation points and purpose of teachers in role game activities; the material analysis question for the first half of 2016: Please combine your understanding of role games, analyze whether it is appropriate for teachers to provide price lists, and make suggestions .

We can boil it down to two points: What are the characteristics of role games? What are the guiding points of role games?

1. Features of role games:

Creativity-a real life in society Kind of creative reproduction;

procedural-there is a complete process from beginning to end,It takes a long time and the conditions are more complicated;

Variability-content changes with changes in social life

2. Guiding points for role games

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test point 5: research method _p5sp0 pbr7 Including observation, conversation, work analysis, experiment and other methods, candidates need to master the basic meaning and advantages and disadvantages of this knowledge point.

test sites 6: Developing the development of children thinking of pre-school

thinking This knowledge point frequently appears in the real questions,It is also one of the weaker foundations of the majority of candidates. Here, I will sort out the relevant test points for thinking:

(1) Changes in the thinking mode of preschoolers: intuitive action thinking-concrete image thinking-abstract logical thinking

(2) preschool children thinking Changes in tools: perception, action-representation-language

(3) Piaget Four stages of cognitive development: perception motor stage-pre-operation stage- specific operation stage ——Formal calculation stage

reminds candidates to remember the tools of each thinking mode and the corresponding age stage. This knowledge point is often examined in the form of examples, so it needs to be memorized on the basis of understanding.

test sites 7: Pre-school

1. the development of children's speech occurrence speech :

2. The development of speech

The development of speech includes pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, oral expression and internal speech.Among them, the development of incomplete sentences has been examined many times: vocabulary sentences (1-1.5 years old), telegraph sentences (1.5-2 years old), and candidates need to master the meaning of word sentences and telegraph sentences.

test sites 8: pre-school children to imagine the development

Zhenti for pre-school children The examination of the development of imagination is not very difficult and often appears in objective questions. Here is a summary of the imaginary recognition points for all candidates:

1. The characteristics of imagination

2 Imaginary exaggeration

(1) Exaggerate a certain part or feature of a thing

(2) Confounding imaginary and reality

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Test point 9: The basic concepts of preschool child development

0 The difference between the zone, the critical period and the sensitive period, the meaning of the transition period and the crisis period,For example, the single-choice question examined in the first half of 2016: When the teacher draws up the educational activity goal, it is based on the distance between the current development level of the child and the attainable level. What kind of theory does this approach reflect? If you master this knowledge point You can know that the answer is Vygoski’s most recent development area.

1. Refers to the gap between the subject's current psychological level and the psychological level that it will reach, which exists at every moment of the child's psychological development.

2. The critical period and the sensitive period of The difference lies in the consequences. Both refer to the easiest for children to learn a certain knowledge or skill or form a certain psychological characteristic in a certain period. However, the consequences of missing the critical period are difficult to make up, and the consequences of missing the sensitive period are still produced but relatively slowly.

3. Transition period and crisis period: Transition period is inevitable, but crisis is not inevitable.

test sites 10:

development emotion preschoolers emotion of this knowledge should Beware of subjective questions, such as case analysis questions, when preparing for the exam. You need to master the following two points to deal with this high-frequency test site:

For example: The first question of material analysis in the first half of 2016: In response to the above phenomenon,Please analyze with the materials: What characteristics of children's emotions are reflected in Yangyang's behavior? Is it necessary for Yangyang's grandmother to worry? How should teachers guide? (In fact, it is the characteristics of children's emotions and training strategies that are examined).

11 test sites: Kindergarten common security incidents

objective in the years Zhenti In the question, common safety issues and accidents in kindergartens maintain a trend of one every year. Among them, the ones that should be examined are: foreign bodies in the trachea, stings, sprains, nose bleeding, etc. Here is a summary of the causes and treatments of various accidents for all candidates:

1. green branch fracture : children’s bones have large elasticity and low hardness, and are prone to bone deformation due to incorrect posture. The first principle In order to limit the movement of the injured limb, it is fixed.

2. dislocation : The joint is weak, and it is easy to dislocate if you use too much force. Do not reset it rashly.

3. Sprains: first apply cold compresses to stop bleeding and relieve pain and reduce swelling, and then apply hot compresses to promote blood circulation.

4. foreign body in the nasal cavity : forcefully blow the nasal cavity that is not blocked by the foreign body.

5. Foreign body in trachea: inverted beat back method, push abdomen method.

6. Nasal bleeding: first tilt your head forward, press the nose and forehead to stop bleeding, and apply cold to your forehead.

7. Gas poisoning: The first principle should be to open windows for ventilation to allow patients to absorb fresh air.

8. Frostbite: Keep warm first.

12 test sites: Child nutrition knowledge

1. Obesity: Obesity refers to Excessive accumulation of fat in the body. If the weight exceeds 2 standard deviations of the average weight of children of the same age and body shape.

2. rickets : commonly known as calcium deficiency, it is a common nutritional deficiency in children under 3 years old. It is caused by the lack of vitamin D in . Vitamin D can be supplemented and more sun exposure.

3. iron deficiency anemia : a common anemia in young children is insufficient iron intake in food.

4. Vitamin A: It has an important relationship with vision. The lack of vitamin A can lead to night blindness.

5. Vitamin C: In fresh fruits and vegetables, deficiency can lead to scurvy

6. Calcium: 99% of calcium is found in bones and teeth, and 1% of it is found in the blood.

7. Iodine: There is a large amount of iodine in seafood, iodine deficiency can cause "big neck disease" or "cretin disease", and too much iodine can easily lead to hyperthyroidism.

8. Zinc: has the effect of maintaining taste, promoting wound healing, and enhancing immunity. Zinc deficiency of can cause pica.

13 test sites: home cooperation

home cooperation in recent years in kindergarten This is an important task that has received more and more attention from the qualification examination. Here, everyone needs to keep in mind the ways and methods of home cooperation:

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Test site 14: the connection between young and primary school

is the connection between the two primary schools and kindergartens.The " Kindergarten Work Regulations" clearly stipulates that kindergartens should do a good job of linking up the two stages of primary school, and candidates should beware of strategy questions when preparing for exams. For example, how should kindergartens do well in kindergarten connection work:

( 1) Cultivate children's love and yearning for primary school life

(2) Cultivate children's adaptability to primary school life

Cultivate children's initiative; cultivate independence; develop interpersonal skills; cultivate children's Rule awareness and task awareness.

(3) Help children prepare for study before school

Cultivate good study habits; cultivate good non-intellectual qualities; develop thinking and basic abilities.

test sites 15: Principles

in "Patronage knowledge and ability" Seven In the module inspection, there have been many "principles" questions, and you need to pay attention to the following:

1. The special principle of preschool education:

The principle of the activity of education and the diversity of activities, and the principle of overall comprehensive education.

2. Principles of environmental creation:

The principle of goal orientation, the principle of development suitability, the principle of child participation, the principle of openness, and the principle of economy.

3. Principles of teaching activities:

The principle of combining science and ideology, the principle of operation, the principle of intuitiveness, the principle of development, the principle of combining education with care, the principle of activity and its application, and the teaching of all people and students in accordance with their aptitude in principle.

test sites 16: Temperament

on pre-school children in the Temperament The most famous and frequently tested test sites are bile, , bloody, , mucus, and depression. In 2014, I got a 20-point case analysis question. Please pay attention when preparing for the test:

test sites 17: individual differences

" 3 -6 Years Old Children’s Learning and Development Guide clearly states thatThe individual differences in the development of young children should be respected. The development of young children is a continuous and gradual process, and at the same time it shows certain phase characteristics. In the process of development along similar processes, each child's development speed and time to reach a certain level are not exactly the same. It is necessary to fully understand and respect the individual differences in the development of young children, support and guide them to develop from the original level to a higher level, and reach the development "ladder" presented in the "Guide" at their own speed and method. Do not use a "step". The ruler" measures all young children. Here, we should also grasp the types of individual differences:

(1) Children’s temperament differences

(2) Children’s gender differences

(3) Children’s intelligence differences _span3p

(4) Differences in children’s learning types

(5) Differences in children’s personality

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The subject of "Knowledge and Abilities for Education and Education" is a mandatory 30-point activity design question every year. In recent years, the examination is often carried out by looking at pictures. What should the activity design be aspects of design, where everyone summarizes the following points:

test sites 19: educational evaluation

The examination of the knowledge point of kindergarten education evaluation,The examination is often carried out in the form of objective questions. Each candidate needs to understand and master the participants and methods of kindergarten education evaluation. The details are as follows:

1. Participants: managers, teachers, children and their parents;

2. The evaluation of kindergarten education work is based on teachers' self-evaluation;

3. Evaluation methods: observation, conversation, work analysis, questionnaire survey, etc.;

4. Evaluation objects and subjects: teachers and children;

5. Purpose of evaluation: To understand the developmental needs of young children in order to provide more appropriate help and guidance.

test sites 20:

"Yasunori knowledge and ability educational activities organization and implementation 》This subject is very flexible in the examination of the organization and implementation of educational activities. Cases in real life are often used to examine the educational concepts and practices of candidates. Candidates are required to choose corresponding interactive methods according to the needs of children in the activities, such as 2016 The real question in the first half of the year: In the "Autumn Tree" art activity, the teacher's inappropriate approach is; in order to allow children to play more with one thing in outdoor sports, the most suitable approach is; the questioning method of this topic is more flexible and more flexible. Examine the candidate’s educational philosophy,Here is a summary of the correct educational practices that candidates need to pay attention to in the organization and implementation of educational activities:

1. The "Guide" clearly states that the model painting is not promoted. The model painting will inhibit the creativity of children and is not good for them. The development of autonomy.

2. Copying will make children lose their sense of "self". It is not recommended to let children copy directly.

3. Children’s experience is direct experience, and teachers should let children experience it by themselves.

4. Various conflicts occur during the game. The teacher should intervene under the guidance of observation according to the different situations of the small class, middle class, and large class, rather than directly adjust.

5. Words such as skill, efficiency, and compulsory should not appear in the interpretation of kindergarten children. This educational concept requires attention.

Lastly, I will attach you the survey of each chapter:

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Important test points: mainly understand the nature, purpose and function of education, understand the relationship, nature and significance of education and politics, economy and human development, as well as children’s educational thoughts, and understand the reform dynamics and development trends of China’s early childhood education .

Question direction: single choice, short answer, essay question.

[Chapter Two Pre-school Child Development]

Importance: Chapter Two accounts for 33% of the total.

Important test points: Mainly understand the meaning, process and influencing factors of infants and young children's development, and can discuss the actual problems of children's development, understand the age characteristics, development trends, movements, emotions and other developments of infants and young children's physical and mental development Wait.

Question direction: single choice, short answer, material analysis questions.

[Chapter Three Life Guidance]