強調句（奧賽數據庫）
一、強調句型
為了強調句子的某一成分（通常是主語、賓語、或狀語），常用強調句型：
It is (was) +被強調部分+that(who)…° 表示強調的 it 在句子中作主句的主語；被
強調部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語；強調的主語如果是人，that 和 who 都
可用。如： Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
強調主語：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night.
強調賓語：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night.
強調地點狀語：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night.
強調時間狀語：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
二、強調句的連接詞
一般說來，如果被強調部分是人時，用連詞 that 或 who；被強調的部分是賓語，
指人時也可以用 whom；如果被強調部分是物，只能用連詞 that。
It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night.
It is Mary whom/ who he often helps .
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
三、強調句的時態
如果原句中謂語動詞使用的是現在範疇的時態(一般現在時、現在進行時、現在
完成/現在完成進行時、一般將來時、將來進行時、將來完成時等)，用 It is...that...。
如果原句中謂語動詞為過去範疇的時態(一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、
過去將來時等)，則用 It was...that...。
Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (強調主語)
It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (強調賓
語) It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (強調時間狀
語)
It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (強調地點狀語)
有時，be 前可使用表示推測的情態動詞。
It must be Peter who has let this secret out.
It might be last night that they did their homework.
四、 強調含有 not until 的句子。
在強調 not until 句型時，not 位於 until 從句前，主句謂語動詞作相應變化，即
it is(was)+not until 從句+that +其它。
It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.
It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home.
五、強調句的疑問句
強調結構的疑問形式：強調一般疑問句中的某一成分時，要在主句中用一般疑問
句的順序。例如：
Was it you that/who broke the window ?
Was it in the war that he lost his son ?
強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，其結構模式是：“疑問詞+ is/was + it +that...”。
它同感嘆句的強調模式極其相似，首先將疑問句開頭的部分作為強調部分，套入
強調結構，然後再將其變為疑問句。
1. Where were you born? → Where was it that you were born?
2. What did you want to see? → What was it that you wanted to see?
3. How many people are being trained for the special work?
→ How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。
六、強調句型中的主謂一致
被強調的成分為原句的主語時，that/who 之後的謂語動詞應與被強調的名詞或代
詞在人稱和數方面保持一致關係，從而選用恰當的動詞形式。
It is you who/that are wrong.
It is I who/that am answering the question.
但是如果被強調的部分是人稱代詞，按理應用人稱代詞主格形式，但在口語或非
正式文體中也可以用其賓格形式，此時 that/who 的謂語動詞要用單數第三人稱形
式 is 或 was。
It is me who is being asked the favor.
另外在 It is/was..., not...that...句型中，其謂語動詞應與肯定部分的詞保持一致關
系。例如： It is my brother, not I that studies in that school.
It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company.
六、感嘆句的強調結構，既要體現強調句型的形式特徵，又要體現感嘆句的自
然語序。
1. How happy he looks! → How happy it is that he looks!
2. What a clever boy he is! → What a clever boy it is that he is!
七、強調句型的鑒別方法及相似句型的辨析
強調句型極易與定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句等相關句型混淆，判斷的方法
是：強調句型中去掉 It is/was…that 剩下的部分在語法和意義上仍然是一個完整
的句子。
It was yesterday that I met him. 去掉句中的 It was
Yesterday I met him. 句意和語法都非常正確，說明這是一個強調句。而其他句
型則不行。
