chip industry chain is long, and the high profit link is not actually chip manufacturing. This is why the United States has mastered chip manufacturing technology and equipment in the past ten years, but has set the chip manufacturing industry overseas. However, the rise of Huawei and SMIC in semiconductors and manufacturing has made the United States realize the threat from major Eastern powers. In order to maintain the image of "technology beacon" and "Silicon Valley in the world", the United States has frequently put pressure on Chinese companies on one hand and cut off supply layers, and rectified the upstream chip industry chain on the other hand to achieve the acquisition of chip technology.
If you want to manufacture chips with advanced processes such as 7nm and 5nm, EUV lithography machines are very necessary in terms of technical and commercial costs. Currently, only ASML can provide them in the world. Unfortunately, ASML lithography machines adopt core components and technologies of the United States. Due to the constraints of the US's technological hegemony, the EUV lithography machine purchased by SMIC in 2018 has not arrived yet. With ASML's DUV lithography machine, my country has now achieved mass production of 14nm process chips. The US has also begun to cut sausages to limit export rules to 14nm precision DUV lithography machines. However, ASML did not blindly follow the restrictions on China by the US, and reiterated that it is a European company and that supply will not be affected.
However, as the world's most advanced foundry technology and the largest wafer factory, TSMC was unable to withstand the coercion and inducement of the United States, and finally chose to build a factory in the United States and invested US$12 billion in the first batch to build a 5nm chip production line. At the same time, it will also import the 4nm process technology . In November, TSMC chartered the trained TSMC elites and brought their families to the United States, and also transferred some core supporting equipment.
And at TSMC's "movement ceremony", Apple , AMD , Nvidia, Micron all went to the United States to "stop" for TSMC. The scene was quite grand. Biden also shouted: The United States will usher in a new era of chip manufacturing! At the mobile phone movement ceremony, TSMC also announced that it will establish a second wafer factory in the United States to manufacture 3nm process chips, which are expected to be put into production in 2026.
. Regarding the transfer of TSMC's advanced process technology, employees bring their families and dogs to the United States to settle down, and Americans show "trophy", many foreign media said that "TSMC" has become "US". The era of TSMC's technology and technology leading the world in Taiwan is gone forever. They even believe that TSMC's trip to the United States is to help the United States cultivate talents, and will eventually become a "shell company." Just when foreign media criticized TSMC, they never expected that Zhang Zhongmou would leave a trick for him.
According to the Science and Technology Innovation Board Daily, TSMC has started a 1nm and 2nm chip factory, and its location is located in the Taoyuan Longtan Science and Technology Park, not far from TSMC's headquarters. It is reported that the 2nm process production line is expected to be put into production in 2024, and the 1nm process is expected to be put into production in 2026. Regarding this matter, Wang Meihua, director of the Taiwan Provincial Department of Economic Affairs, also said that TSMC will do a good job in technology confidentiality and advanced process technology will definitely remain in Taiwan, China.
That is to say, when TSMC US fab achieves mass production of 5nm and 4nm process chips in 2024, TSMC on the island will start the 2nm era. When US fab achieves mass production of 3nm chips in 2026, TSMC will start the 1nm era, which also means that TSMC is still leading the overseas branches in manufacturing technology for two generations. This wave of good-for-all operations is not difficult to see Zhang Zhongmou's "smart and ingenious calculations", and neither side wants to offend. Many foreign media also expressed their views: Zhang Zhongmou has indeed retained a move, and Taiwan's TSMC's global leading advantage will come back!
Will TSMC's 2nm and 1nm process processes be "plundered" again in the future? The answer is not clear! Because in terms of 1nm process, TSMC chose to cooperate with MIT , and no matter it is materials, processes or equipment, it does not intend to take the "de-beautification" route. Therefore, even after Wanwan returns to the motherland, he still cannot pin his hopes on American technology.
Especially when the technological competition between China and the United States is becoming more and more intense, we are in the whirlpool of the game between great powers. Only by giving up holding on to others and unswervingly following the path of independent research and development can we write a more magnificent new chapter of technological self-reliance and self-improvement!
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