report shows that in the first quarter of 2021, China’s IaaS+PaaS market reached US$4.632 billion, of which Alibaba Cloud ranked first with a share of 40%; Tencent Cloud and Huawei Cloud ranked second and third respectively, with both market shares 11%; China Telecom and Amazon followed closely behind. What is the impact of the state-owned cloud that suddenly sparked heated discussion on the industry?
On September 1, when the "Data Security Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Critical Information Infrastructure Security Protection Regulations" were officially implemented, a "red head document" from the Tianjin SASAC became a domestic cloud computing platform. The focus of the field.
This document that requires speeding up the promotion of state-owned enterprises' cloud access, strictly dictates that enterprises from all over the country in Tianjin shall no longer sign and renew cloud resources with third-party public cloud platforms (including the cloud platforms of Ali, Tencent, Huawei and the three major operators) from now on Lease contract, and all migrate to Guoziyun within 2 months from the expiry date of the lease.
The wind and thunder on the ground caused the capital market to move.
A-share "state-owned cloud concept" such as Tongniu Information, Meili Cloud, Yunsai Zhilian, Weishitong, Yihualu, Meiya Biotech, and Dianke Digital have soared with the buzz of brokerages.
What is Guozi Cloud? What impact will the new changes have on top cloud service providers such as Alibaba, Tencent, and Huawei? Will there be duplicate construction? A series of issues have received widespread attention.
Screenshot of Tianjin SASAC document
What is "State-owned Assets Cloud"?
Regarding this issue, the Tianjin State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission has such a paragraph in this document titled "Implementation Plan for Accelerating the Advancement of State-owned Enterprises' Cloud Work and Improving the Construction of State-owned Cloud System" (hereinafter referred to as "Tianjin State-owned Cloud Plan") Description:
State-owned Cloud Company will rely on existing computing resources and business support capabilities to build a first-level proprietary cloud platform for the state-owned system, and form state-owned assets supervision that meets the three-level security conditions according to the types of services provided Cloud, security cloud, business cloud, Xinchuang cloud and other logical clouds,By docking with existing private cloud platforms of state-owned enterprises that meet relevant security requirements, the existing computing resources of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises are integrated and reconstructed to realize unified resource supervision, hierarchical security protection, resource dynamic complementation, and application hierarchical provision of state-owned enterprise exclusive The overall architecture of the hybrid cloud.
Screenshot of Tianjin SASAC document
From the description of "Tianjin State-owned Assets Cloud Plan", it can be seen that State-owned Cloud is a proprietary cloud and must meet the requirements of the third-level (up to five) level of guarantee.
However, what is the "State-owned Cloud Company" mentioned in the "Tianjin State-owned Cloud Plan"? Is it at the national level or at the local level?
Observer.com found that the full name of "State-owned Cloud Company" in the document was Tianjin State-owned Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Tianjin State-owned Cloud Company), which was established in March this year and is indirectly controlled by Tianjin State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission.
The official introduction shows that Tianjin State-owned Cloud Company has the ability to provide basic cloud services, meet the requirements of data transmission, data storage, high-performance computing, etc., and can provide stable and reliable state-owned enterprises and other government departments, enterprises and institutions. , Secure IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) and PaaS (Platform as a Service) services. In the future, we will further integrate the resources of the state-owned system data center, and cooperate with software and hardware vendors such as Inspur, UFIDA, Sangfor, and Aishu to provide SaaS (software as a service) And DaaS (Data as a Service) service.
Image source: Tianjin State-owned Cloud Technology Co., Ltd.
"The original intention of state-owned cloud construction is to ensure the information security of state-owned enterprises, independent and controllable, and ensure safe access to the cloud." An industry insider who asked not to be named Observer.com said that before the Tianjin SASAC issued the plan, Alibaba Cloud's user data leakage may be the fuse, so "data independent and controllable" may be the direction for the establishment of the State-owned Cloud.
The Tianjin State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission also emphasized in the "Tianjin State-owned Assets Cloud Plan" that the data resources of state-owned enterprises are state-owned assets and should be included in the supervision and unified management of state-owned assets. State-owned Cloud will build and improve the integrated network information security system of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises,The private network dedicated line mode is adopted to build the internal cloud network architecture of the state-owned assets system, to avoid the hidden risks caused by the exposure of important data to the Internet from the root, strengthen the awareness of major risks of network information security and emergency response capabilities, and improve the network information security and security of state-owned state-owned enterprises. The overall level of data security.
Screenshot of Tianjin SASAC documents
After further inquiries, it was found that the state-owned cloud platform is not only promoted by Tianjin.
In September 2019, Chongqing has conducted a bid for the artificial intelligence support platform of the state-owned cloud platform (phase one) project. On July 30, 2021, Chongqing issued a bid announcement for the construction of the business platform of the state-owned cloud platform (phase two) ;
In November 2020, Sichuan State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Sichuan Province authorized the "Sichuan State-owned Assets Cloud" for the construction and operation of subsidiaries of Sichuan Energy Investment Group; in April 2021, "Sichuan State-owned Assets Cloud" was completed and officially launched;
In March 2021, Zhejiang State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhejiang Province initiated the construction of the “Digital Supervision Application of State-owned Assets and State-owned Enterprises”, and it is clear that Hangzhou Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., which is controlled by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhejiang Province, will undertake the construction, maintenance and operation of the Zhejiang State-owned Cloud IDC computer room;
In addition, Suzhou, Shenzhen and other places have also launched the exploration of state-owned cloud.
official website pointed out that Sichuan State-owned Assets Cloud is the exclusive industry cloud for state-owned enterprises in the province. The purpose of its construction is to rely on the cloud platform to promote the digital transformation application demonstration and data sharing of state-owned enterprises, and explore the optimal path for digital transformation and collaborative innovation of state-owned enterprises in Sichuan. .
screenshot of Sichuan State-owned Assets Cloud official website
screenshot of Shenzhen State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission official website
From the above information, the State-owned Assets Cloud platform has strong locality. Simply put, it refers to the data security infrastructure cloud platform that is led by the local SASAC to invest, set up, and operate to promote the acceleration of the digital transformation of state-owned enterprises.
Anxin Securities pointed out that the essence of state-owned cloud is to shift from a third-party managed public cloud to a state-owned exclusive industry cloud, and its main construction and operation parties are usually local state-owned enterprises.
China Merchants Securities also stated that the state-owned cloud companies are more in the form of direct holdings of local state-owned assets. At present, state-owned cloud is not a unified platform, but a local cloud computing platform. Therefore, in the process of state-owned cloud construction , Local bidding should occupy a dominant position.
Observer Network noticed that there are two main documents for accelerating the exploration and construction of state-owned cloud platforms in various places.
First, at the end of 2020, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council issued the "Notice on Accelerating the Digital Transformation of State-owned Enterprises". The notice requires the acceleration of the digital transformation of state-owned enterprises, including infrastructure, production and application, etc.; secondly, it is issued by the General Office of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. "Notice on Accelerating the Construction of the National State-owned Assets and State-owned Enterprises Online Supervision System", based on the requirements of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, all state-owned enterprises need to rely on the online supervision platform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises. Access.
Screenshot of the official website of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council
What impact will it have on Ali, Tencent, and Huawei?
From the point of view of time, the state-owned cloud is no longer a new concept.
Why did the plan released by the Tianjin SASAC cause an uproar?
The focus of themarket is mainly related to third-party public cloud service providers.
The Tianjin SASAC requires in the document:
All companies have deployed on third-party public cloud platforms (such as: "Huawei Cloud", "Alibaba Cloud", "Tencent Cloud", "Woyun", "Tianyi Cloud ", "Mobile Cloud", etc.), all information systems should be migrated to Guozi Cloud within 2 months from the expiry date of the lease. In principle, all information systems should be migrated to Guozi Cloud by September 30, 2022 at the latest.The
document also emphasizes that with immediate effect, companies are no longer allowed to sign or renew cloud resource lease contracts with third-party public cloud platforms. The strict wording of
has not been seen in other local SASAC documents before.
Essence Securities pointed out in the research report that the third-party public cloud required by the Tianjin SASAC to migrate includes not only Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent and other private technology leaders, but also the three state-owned operators. This has shown that the purpose of 's migration is not due to the difference between whether the public cloud vendor is a state-owned or private enterprise, but the attribute conversion of a public cloud hosted by a third party to a state-owned industry cloud.
Screenshot of Tianjin SASAC document
In view of the fact that the Tianjin SASAC document is highly repellent to third-party cloud service providers, there are opinions in the market that Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, Huawei Cloud, etc. The voice of cloud service providers in the field of government and enterprise services may be further reduced, especially in the context of strengthening data security, privacy protection and strengthening anti-monopoly in the country.
data released by the market research organization IDC shows that the overall global public cloud service market size (IaaS/PaaS/SaaS) will reach 312.42 billion U.S. dollars in 2020, a year-on-year increase of 24.1%. The overall public cloud service market size in China will reach 19.38 billion U.S. dollars. A year-on-year increase of 49.7%, the highest growth rate among all regions in the world. The report shows that in the first quarter of 2021, China’s IaaS+PaaS market reached US$4.632 billion, of which Alibaba Cloud ranked first with a share of 40%; Tencent Cloud and Huawei Cloud ranked second and third respectively, with a market share of 11. %; China Telecom and Amazon followed closely behind.
China's public cloud market data for the first quarter of 2021 Image source: IDC
There is no doubt that if the state-owned cloud platform becomes a sample promoted by local governments, for the top cloud service providers that provide "overall solutions",In the short term, it will put a certain pressure on this business.
However, an industry insider who did not want to be named told Observer.com that if the state-owned cloud platform is promoted nationwide, it will indeed have a certain impact on third-party cloud service providers such as Ali, Tencent, and Huawei, but in the long run The impact will not be too great.
The main reasons include: Alibaba Cloud's service targets are mainly small and medium-sized enterprises, with a small share of state-owned enterprises; Tencent Cloud's main customer group is the upstream and downstream industrial chain of games; Huawei itself is a hardware manufacturer and has its own corresponding customers. .
At the same time, in the early stage of state-owned cloud construction, several leading cloud vendors such as Alibaba, Tencent, and Huawei can also export their own products, because state-owned enterprises basically purchase the software and hardware products of cloud service vendors for secondary processing Operations.
For example, Sichuan State Assets Cloud is jointly constructed and operated by Sichuan Energy Investment and Sichuan Telecom, but they mainly rely on Alibaba Cloud computing technology as the base of the infrastructure platform. Sichuan Energy Investment and Sichuan Telecom are mainly responsible for later operations.
Screenshot from the official website of Sichuan State-owned Cloud
In addition, Tianjin State-owned Cloud Company mentioned that it will cooperate with Inspur, UFIDA, Sangfor, Aishu and other software and hardware manufacturers in the future; and Shenzhen State-owned State-owned Enterprise Cloud Phase I project The operator is the Shenzhen Smart City Technology Development Group Co., Ltd., an enterprise directly managed by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, but the contractors are China Unicom, Huawei and Tencent; the winning bids of the previous state-owned cloud platform projects in Chongqing also show that iFLYTEK and Inspur Information participated Undertaking.
Screenshot from the official website of Shenzhen SASAC I
Chongqing State-owned Assets Cloud Platform (Phase II) business platform construction project plans to announce the results of the public resource trading platform screenshots
Based on this background, the above-mentioned industry insiders believe that, The construction of state-owned cloud platform even has certain benefits to the cloud service industry chain.
First, the construction of a state-owned cloud platform requires hardware support from several major manufacturers, including servers, storage, etc.; secondly, domestic cloud vendors can provide operation and maintenance services to the state-owned cloud platform through industry competition; third,Operators of state-owned cloud platforms may also benefit. At this stage, the overall model of the state-owned cloud is consistent, basically allowing companies under the SASAC to dominate the operation. This type of enterprise is in a dominant position in the local area. Specific examples include Tianjin's state-owned cloud technology and Chongqing's big data intelligent technology.
Tianfeng Securities pointed out in its research report that from the perspective of technology middle-stage, the construction of state-owned cloud requires the deep participation of domestic cloud computing head manufacturers, but the future business model may change, from system integration to technology output.
Guotai Junan believes that the promotion of state-owned cloud indicates that the party, government and state-owned enterprises will adhere to the private cloud technology route in the future. Judging from the construction methods of state-owned cloud platforms in Sichuan and other provinces and cities, in the future, the business systems of the party, government and state-owned enterprises will adhere to the technical route of private cloud, which may have a profound impact on the domestic cloud computing market in the future.
In addition, industry insiders said that the emergence of state-owned cloud is similar to the provincial government cloud a few years ago, which realizes the switch of data security from government to enterprise. In the future, it will gradually realize data sharing and exchange and unified infrastructure construction. It is a project that complements the government cloud.
However, the person pointed out that compared with state-owned cloud, the implementation of government cloud is simpler. The main users of the government cloud landing are the commissions, departments and bureaus of various provinces and cities, and the landing informatization budget mainly depends on the financial budget; while the overall budget control of the state-owned enterprises under the SASAC is relatively loose, and the degree of informatization is uneven. In some state-owned enterprises that have high informatization budgets and already have independent private clouds, there is greater resistance to the promotion of state-owned cloud platforms, and it will be better to coordinate with state-owned enterprises with a lower degree of informatization. Therefore, it is more difficult to land the state-owned cloud.
In 2020, the market share of China's government cloud service operators. Image source: IDC
As the state-owned cloud platform will master a large amount of state-owned enterprise data resources in the future, there are still opinions in the market that the state-owned cloud is not as technologically advanced and safe as the public cloud. Sex cannot be guaranteed.
In this regard, industry insiders pointed out to Observer.com that from a technical perspective, taking Sichuan as an example, the technical back-end support of State-owned Cloud is actually consistent with that of Alibaba Cloud and will have the same security.
From other aspects, the state-owned cloud is also more secure: First, public clouds have nodes all over the world, and the data storage location is not clear. After a data leak occurs, it will be difficult to pursue responsibility and claim compensation.The servers and data storage locations of the local state-owned cloud are all known information, which is more controllable. Second, each unit has stronger control over the state-owned cloud operating company, which is generally dominated by subordinates and joint venture holding companies, which is more secure.
After the "Tianjin State-owned Cloud Plan" was exposed, there were still opinions in the market that raised questions about the feasibility of the full-scale promotion of State-owned Cloud:
First, the construction of a state-owned cloud platform requires repurchasing software and hardware, which was previously purchased by a third-party company. Both public cloud and private cloud services will be abandoned, which may lead to the repeated construction of cloud computing infrastructure;
Secondly, for the state-owned cloud to truly land, it needs to have capabilities comparable to third-party cloud service providers, such as stability and availability , Ease of use, etc.;
Third, because State-owned Cloud is a general contractor, it is placed between the enterprise and the third-party cloud computing service company, which may cause the cloud computing company to reduce the efficiency of communicating the cloud demand of state-owned enterprises. Information transmission efficiency is reduced;
Fourth, state-owned enterprises originally rely on their own needs to choose cloud service products that exist in the market. Now State-owned Cloud is responsible for purchasing cloud computing services and designating an enterprise as a technology provider, software and hardware provider. This may aggravate the "involution" among cloud computing companies, to take abnormal measures to influence the operating companies of the state-owned cloud, and to grab orders.
From the current point of view, the construction of state-owned cloud platforms in various places has strong localization characteristics and has not been promoted nationwide. So far, many provinces have not issued relevant policies for state-owned cloud platforms.
Market observers pointed out that the only certainty is that with the promulgation and implementation of the "Data Security Law", "Personal Information Protection Law" and other laws, data security will become a major focus, which is also in line with the original intention of promoting state-owned cloud If they are consistent, they can be optimistic about data security-related industries in the long-term.
source|Observer Network
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