In Liu Cixin's sci-fi masterpiece "Three-Body: Death Immortal", Yun Tianming uses fairy tales to convey information like humans in an attempt to save human civilization. Among them is a technology called curvature drive that can make spacecraft fly faster than light. How can we achieve curvature drive and build a curvature drive spacecraft?
The curvature engine is based on Einstein’s general theory of relativity and mass-energy equation, a vision proposed by Akuberi in 1994: space-time It is a plane and will be bent or stretched due to external forces; celestial bodies exist on this plane, and the gravitational waves generated by celestial bodies will bend time and space, so whether it is possible to artificially create a "curvature bubble", "curvature bubble" is A period of flat time and space, while the space in front of it shrinks and the space behind it stretches, pushing the "curvature bubble" toward its alignment, while the spacecraft is stationary in the "curvature bubble" and moves forward (similar to surfing) .
At the same time, Akubry proposed the mathematical expression of Akubry engine:
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According to the assumption, people deduced the velocity formula of 041a7d#4:
According to this formula, the maximum speed of the warp engine can reach nearly 200 times the speed of light-only 0.2s to travel through the solar system; 6 months Can traverse the Milky Way.
But this is just a theory, there are still many difficulties in realizing it.
First of all, and the biggest difficulty-energy. Propelling the curvature spacecraft requires "negative mass (negative energy)" that is 318 times the mass of the earth. This is a substance with a special mass whose mass is opposite to the normal mass (1kg of dark matter corresponds to a mass of -1kg). This substance has only confirmed its existence at the micro level.
Secondly, the curvature field is formed by high-energy particles produced by the reaction of matter. Even if it advances at the speed of the curvature speed, the speed is comparable to the speed of light, and the transition time between the two speed states will not exceed Planck time (approximately 5 × 10−44 seconds, 1/1044th of a person’s blinking time), while the curvature of the spacecraft depends on the superposition or reduction of the velocity field, which means that once the speed of the engine is extreme, Provides (reduces) exponential energy and completes the verification. Once the front and rear curvature fields are not overlapped in time or the directions are not aligned, the spacecraft will be instantly torn into pieces.
In short, relying on existing theories and technologies, mankind is still unable to create a curvature engine, but I believe that one day in the future, mankind will eventually fly out of the galaxy and explore a wider space.
This article participates in the Science V project, and the content is original by the author.
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