At 17:48 Beijing time on October 5, Beijing time, the highly anticipated 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry announced the list of winners! This year's Chemistry Award was awarded to Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal and K. Barry Sharpless for their contributions to the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.
Barry Sharpless and Morten Meldal were awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for bringing chemistry into the era of functionalism and laying the foundation for click chemistry. They shared the award with Carolyn Bertozzi, who brought click chemistry to a new dimension and began using it to map cells. Her bioorthogonal responses now contribute to more targeted cancer treatments, as well as many other applications.
Using complex tools they developed, chemists can now create the most shocking molecules in their labs. One challenging problem, however, is that complex molecules must be constructed through many steps, each step producing unwanted by-products – sometimes more, sometimes less. These by-products must be removed before the process continues, and for demanding structures, material losses can be very large and almost nothing remains. Chemists often achieve their challenging goals, but these routes are time-consuming and expensive. The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry aims to find new chemistry ideals and prioritize simplicity and functionality.
About the winner
Carolyn R. Bertozzi, born in the United States in 1966, received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. Professor Anne T. and Robert M. Bass, Stanford University, California, USA.
Morten Meldal was born in 1954 in Denmark , and received his Ph.D. from Denmark Technical University in Lingbi, Denmark in 1986. Professor at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
K. Barry Sharpless, born in 1941 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, received his Ph.D. from Stanford University, California, USA in 1968. Professor WM Keck from the Cripps Research Center in La Jolla, California, USA.
About Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize originally refers to five awards established based on Nobel's will in 1895, including the Physics Prize, Chemistry Prize, the Peace Prize, the Physiology or Medicine Prize and the Literature Prize, aiming to recognize those who "major contributions to mankind" in the corresponding fields. In 1901, the Nobel Prize was awarded for the first time. In 1968, the Swedish Central Bank established the Nobel Prize in Economics .
According to the official website of the Nobel Prize, the Nobel Prize is selected and awarded once a year. The Nobel Prize includes a gold medal, a certificate and a prize. From 1901 to 2022, 191 Nobel Prize winners won 114 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry. Frederick Sanger and Barry Sharples both have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice. This means a total of 189 people won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 10 Years Review
●In 2021, Benjamin List, director of the Max Planck Institute in Germany, and David WC MacMillan, professor at Princeton University in the United States, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "developing a new tool for accurate molecular construction: organic catalysis."
●In 2020, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. DouDNA, two pioneers in the field of gene editing, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing one of the sharpest tools of , the CRISPR/Cas9 gene scissors. With this technology, researchers can change the DNA of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high accuracy. This technology has revolutionized the impact on life sciences, is contributing to new cancer therapies and potentially bringing dreams of curing genetic diseases to life.
●In 2019, Professor John B Goodenough, Professor M.stanley Whittlingham, State University of New York, and Japanese chemist Akira Yoshino won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry that year for his "contributions to the development of lithium-ion batteries." The three scientists "created a rechargeable world" and made a fossil fuel-free society possible.
●In 2018, half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Frances H. Arnold for her realization of the enzyme's directed evolution; the other half was shared by George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter for their realization of phage presentation technology for peptides and antibodies. The Nobel Prize official website pointed out that these three scientists "use the power of evolution" to seek welfare for humans. The enzymes produced through directed evolution are widely used to make everything from biofuels to drugs, while antibodies evolved using phage-presented methods can be used to combat the autoimmune disease and in some cases cure metastatic cancer.
●In 2017, Swiss scientist Jacques Dubochet, American scientist Joachim Frank and British scientist Richard Henderson shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to developing cryo-electron microscopy , which performs high-resolution structural determination of biomolecules. The official website of the Nobel Prize pointed out that cryo-electron microscopy simplifies and improves the imaging of biomolecules, bringing biochemistry into a new era.
●The 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to French scientists Jean-Pierre Sauvage, American scientist J. Fraser Stoddart and Dutch s scientists Bernard L. Feringa in recognition of the three's contributions in the design and synthesis of molecular machines.
●In 2015, three scientists from Sweden , the United States, Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their "Cell Mechanisms of DNA Repair". The Nobel Prize official website pointed out that the research work of the three scientists provides us with the most basic understanding of how living cells work and helps the development of many practical applications, including new cancer therapies.
●In 2014, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was won by American scientists Eric Betzig, William Moerner and German scientist tefan Hell to recognize their achievements in the field of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.
●In 2013, three American scientists Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The reason for winning is that "a multi-scale model was created for complex chemical systems." The Nobel Prize official website pointed out that the pioneering nature of the research of the three scientists is that they have allowed classical physics and the very different quantum physics to "fight side by side" in chemical research, allowing traditional chemical experiments to enter the fast lane of informatization.
●In 2012, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was won by two American scientists, Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka, in recognition of their contributions to "G-protein-coupled receptor research."
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typesetting|Muzijiu
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Reference materials:
[1]https://www.nobelprize.org/
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