Academician Li Lanjuan (first from right) is with her scientific research team. Photo provided by the National Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
"New Ten Articles" since the release of the "New Ten Articles" has quickly become the focus of common concern for the whole society. While everyone likes the new policy, they still have some concerns: If the number of infections increases, are medical staff ready? If you have a fever or a cold, do you have to go to the hospital? Is the probability of repeated infection of Omickron high?
htmlOn November 12, the reporter interviewed Li Lanjuan, director of the National Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. She has rich experience in fighting the epidemic on the front line, saying: "At present, the infection of Omickron strain is mainly asymptomatic or mild, accounting for more than 95%, so there is no need to panic."Reporter: After the comprehensive team of the State Council's joint prevention and control mechanism issued the "Twenty Articles", it followed up and issued the "New Ten Articles". In your opinion, what is the reason for continuously issuing optimization policies?
Li Lanjuan:From the perspective of the development law of infectious diseases, the pathogenicity of infectious diseases is often very strong at the beginning of the epidemic, and people are also susceptible to viruses and are prone to severe illnesses. In the early stages of the epidemic, the country made decisive decisions, strictly screened, isolated, controlled the source of infection, cut off the transmission route, and treated every patient at all costs, so that the new crown epidemic could be effectively controlled and the safety of people's lives and health were guaranteed.
Recently, the Comprehensive Group of the State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, based on the characteristics of the virus variant and the development of the epidemic, evaluated the situation, scientifically analyzed and judged the prevention and control strategies, and issued the "Twenty" measures; afterwards, it proposed ten targeted optimization measures based on prominent issues, scientifically and accurately divided the risk areas, optimized the isolation method and nucleic acid testing , avoided the nucleic acid of the whole people, optimized the epidemic prevention and control work in schools, and further improved the scientificity and effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control. With the mutation of the new coronavirus, from the original strain to the delta virus , and to the current Omickron mutant strain, the virus's pathogenicity is getting lower and lower. Now most of the people infected with the Omickron virus are asymptomatic or mild patients, which is also in line with the law of changes in infectious diseases.
Reporter: Next, if the number of infections increases at a high level, will patients who suddenly flock to the hospital trigger a large-scale hospital infection? If this causes a shortage of medical staff, how should we deal with it scientifically?
Li Lanjuan: At present, a large number of patients come to the hospital every day. Medical staff inevitably suffer from occupational exposure to .
Medical personnel should wear N95 masks in standardized manner, take personal protection, and wash their hands frequently. For mild medical staff with symptoms such as fever, they should be isolated at home and rest and treat in accordance with regulations, and return to their work after turning to negative symptoms. All hospital places shall be disinfected in sections using corresponding disinfection methods. Disinfection of blood pressure gauge, elevator buttons, handrails, seats and other facilities and equipment should be strengthened. Medical waste should be disposed of in a timely manner in strict accordance with the requirements of medical waste management. At the same time, local governments and at all levels should take measures such as strengthening the staffing of Internet hospitals to reduce the use of medical resources by patients with mild symptoms.
Reporter: At present, what ordinary people are most concerned about is how to deal with their fever or cold next? Do you need to go to the hospital?
Li Lanjuan: When has symptoms of a cold during the epidemic, nucleic acid testing should be performed at the nearby nucleic acid point first, and antigen testing can also be performed at home. If positive occurs, symptomatic treatment will be performed according to the situation. After the new crown infection, it can be divided into asymptomatic infections, mild cases, ordinary cases, severe cases, critical cases, etc. The incubation period after infection is 1 to 14 days, mostly 2 to 4 days. For mild or ordinary patients, the main symptoms are fever, dry cough, and fatigue; some patients may manifest as nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, decreased or lost smell or taste, conjunctivitis, myalgia and diarrhea. Severe patients may experience chest tightness, urgency, hypoxia, etc.
At present, the infection of the Omickron strain is mainly asymptomatic or mild, accounting for more than 95%, so there is no need to panic. Asymptomatic patients have no clinical symptoms, do not need to take medicine, pay attention to rest, and drink more water.Mild patients are mainly upper respiratory tract infection , and symptomatic treatments such as antiviral and antipyretic analgesics can be given based on body temperature and cough. For ordinary patients, they can stay at home or be hospitalized according to the patient's wishes; for patients with severe tendencies, if they have lung symptoms such as chest tightness and urgency, they should be hospitalized in time. It is recommended to adopt a four-anti-two balanced treatment plan for severe and critical patients.
Reporter: Many ordinary people are very concerned about how likely the Omickron is to be infected repeatedly? Will the symptoms worsen after reinfection?
Li Lanjuan: According to the current research data, the probability of reinfection in a short period of time after infection with Omickron is lower, and the probability of reinfection is also related to the virus mutation. The more obvious the virus mutation, the greater the probability of reinfection. There is also evidence that even if you get re-infection, the course of the second infection will be shorter and the symptoms will be less severe. Therefore, there is no need to panic.
Reporter: After the "New Ten Regulations", especially the Spring Festival travel rush is coming, is personal protection important? How should the general population protect themselves?
Li Lanjuan: Of course, personal protection is still very important. Vaccination with the new coronavirus vaccine can reduce the infection and incidence of novel coronavirus, and is still an effective means to reduce the incidence of severe illness and mortality. Those who meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated. Vaccination subjects who meet the conditions for strengthening immunization and should be strengthened in a timely manner.
We should still pay attention to personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently, exercise reasonably, and enhance physical fitness and immunity . Take personal protection when going out and wear a mask when you go to crowded places. When you are at home, do a good job of self-health monitoring and keep the room open for ventilation. Older elderly people with underlying diseases should try to avoid going to densely populated areas.
Source: Zhejiang News
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