Arctic Double again found the virus! As soon as the Northern Hemisphere heat waves passed in 2022, scientists made new discoveries in the Arctic.
In a melting ice lake in Canada, scientists discovered a giant virus and published it in Applied and Environmental Microbiology.
glacial melting
This is not the first time that a big virus has appeared in the Arctic. In 2014, a giant virus appeared in Siberian .
So, where do viruses come from and what impact will they have on us?
The water surface after the melting of glaciers
The giant virus reappears
2022's heat wave has receded, but Some of the lost glaciers in the Arctic cannot come back .
Science Journal "Applied and Environmental Microbiology" announced that a giant virus was found in the Milne Fiord Epishelf Lake lake in the Arctic region of Canada.
Interestingly, the lake is the generated by the melting of glaciers, and it is likely to continue to exist in the future. The giant virus
is still under study. It relies on the cyanobacterium in the lake to reproduce. It is not clear whether will infect other organisms .
Arctic region of Canada
There is a saying that only when is unknown will bring fear, and is the most terrifying uncertainty.
Although Milne Fiord Epishelf Lake is located in the Canadian Arctic Circle, may not have people within a radius of dozens of kilometers, this is a place where wildlife activities can be played.
This time the giant virus made people think of 2014 . A virus with a diameter of 1.5 microns was discovered in the Arctic region of Russia.
You should know that the diameter of ordinary viruses is only about 0 to 250 nanometers , most of which are around 00 nanometers . 1.5 microns equal to 1500 nanometers, which is 15 times larger than that of ordinary viruses. This is really a "giant".
The giant virus found in Siberia
is precisely because of this huge that scientists named it " Siberian broad mouth canister virus " .
After research, this giant virus came from 30,000 years ago , when our distant relative Neanderthal had not yet become extinct.
Fortunately, broad-mouth tube virus generally does not infect humans, but is specifically infected with amoeba , such as amoeba .
But this only shows that humans are lucky. The virus I encountered in that time was not dangerous . It is impossible that it is so just right every time, right?
Amoeba
For example, in 2016, it was still in the Arctic region of Russia, humans were not so lucky.
in Yamal Peninsula , because the melting of ice and snow exposed the corpse of an animal. According to the autopsy report, this animal has been dead for more than 70 years.
Unfortunately, this animal died of anthrax . 70 years ago anthrax resurrected in situ, and then infected more than 2,000 nearby reindeer and 98 residents .
Bacteria anthrax
You should know that there has been no anthrax in human history for many years. Many people firmly believe that we have overcome anthrax. Unexpectedly, the anthrax more than 70 years ago can bring us back to its original form.
Since entering the 21st century, about 8300 bacteria have been discovered in the Arctic region one after another, most of which are extracted from permafrost and glaciers.
Why do bacteria appear in bitter and cold places? Where do they come from?
Siberia's ice field
see the sun again
The climate on the earth has been changing all the time, is sometimes so hot that there is no piece of ice in the world, and is sometimes so cold that the whole planet is white .
In such repeated changes, a region will appear to be lush, but suddenly the world becomes cold, sealing many animals, and the bacteria on it are sealed together.
This letter lasted for tens of millions of years, until the ice and snow melted again, and the remains and bacteria of animals reappeared in the light of day .
fungal fossils were found in the Arctic region
permafrost layer in Siberia. Many of them were found "fresh" corpses of prehistoric organism . They seemed to be taken out of a freezer, and the hair on is clearly visible.
even has such a job in the Arctic, mammoth hunter . Of course, they did not hunt mammoths, but went to the endless ice fields to find the corpse of mammoths and then took off their ivory.
The international transaction of ivory products is not allowed, but it is limited to African elephant and Asian elephant . does not stipulate that ivory of mammoths cannot be bought and sold .
After all, mammoth has become extinct and it is not protected by law .
Mammoth fossil
The reason why these remains appear on the ground again is the Global Warming that everyone knows.
Global warming, we are experiencing, but there is no way. If humans want to survive, cannot be a little carbon dioxide does not emit .
In the summer of 2022, unprecedented heat swept over in the northern hemisphere. Taking Greenland as an example, it loses 6 billion tons of glacier every day.
After this heat wave receded, the Arctic region permanently lost about 85% of its glaciers, and global sea levels will rise by about 80.6 cm.
2022 summer heat wave
This is just the summer in the northern hemisphere. By the summer in the southern hemisphere, the Antarctic glaciers will lose another part of . In this way, the global sea level in 2022 may rise by nearly 1 cm.
If the summer heat continues to continue, then to the end of this century, the Arctic and Southern Poles will lose a total of two-thirds of the glaciers , and the global sea level will rise by 250 meters.
As more and more melting glaciers and permafrost soils are melting, humans have to face more and more germs.
There are many things in this that humans have never encountered. It takes a long time for humans to know them just by themselves. If they are contagious and infect humans, then we will face an unprecedented survival crisis .
Greenland lost glaciers
The hot earth
Global warming In addition to The weather becomes hot, the glaciers melt, and the bacteria regain the light of the day , what other negative effects will follow?
Many people may say that polar animals such as polar bear , penguin are extinct. In fact, animals that are extinct in global warming are not just those we can see.
Many creatures in the ocean are relying on ocean currents to produce , because ocean currents will surging matter on the seabed.
Most marine organisms live in shallow sea . Many of them will not dive to the seabed, but relies on ocean currents to roll the bottom plankton into the upper layer .
Global Ocean Currents
Ocean Currents are directly related to The rotation of the earth, the atmosphere of the earth, and the temperature of the earth. Global warming will cause chaos in the ocean currents.
Many fish are born to chase ocean currents. The diverting of ocean currents and temperature changes will have a profound impact on fish schools .
Fish cannot change their living habits in a short period of time, so global warming will inevitably lead to large-scale deaths of fish, or even extinction of .
The fish in the ocean basically support the middle and upper layers of the entire marine ecosystem. When fish are in crisis, marine organisms with ecological niches above them, such as cetacean , fin pods , etc., will perish due to insufficient food.
Fish schools in the ocean
At the same time, plankton and algae lack natural enemies , which will grow wildly, squeezing the oxygen from the sea water, causing ocean hrefosis .
Ordovician and Devonian indicate that I am familiar with this picture! At that time, , ocean will become the largest stinky ditch on the earth .
In addition to ocean currents, there is also a kind of meteorology on the earth called monsoon, which is also determined by the rotation of the earth, the temperature of the earth, and the atmospheric environment.
Human agriculture, that is, eating in , , the places with the most food production in the world are basically located in the monsoon zone, such as the Great Plain in the United States, the black soil in Heilongjiang, and the arable land in India.
Global warming, climate changes, the monsoon will also change the direction of its own blowing, Monsoon will bring rain . When it no longer patronizes a place, only drought will be left behind.
What will drought bring? The "Hungry Stone" of the Rhine in Europe has been told clearly.
Monsoon in Asia
Human self-rescue
Human beings are constantly emphasizing low carbon, however, Can global warming really be solved by low carbon?
According to the hot and cold cycle of the earth, Earth is in a hot stage , but the speed is very slow. humans have accelerated the heat speed .
You should know that about 12,000 years ago , Homo sapiens in the northern hemisphere was still enduring the torture of the cold. In the blink of an eye, it was 2022 , and it was also in the northern hemisphere, and people were almost dying of heat.
Season 4 glacier period Earth
For the past 12,000 years, the earth has been getting hot until After the first industrial revolution , the heating rate is like a cheat, soaring all the way. In the past 8200 years, the global temperature has risen by about 1℃ .
Every piece of desert in the world used to be a forest, and now the forest will become a desert.
The temperature on the earth is not eternal. Before the birth of human beings, the earth had experienced several warming and heating of all sizes.
Never humans have experienced the hottest and coldest times on Earth. Those ancient creatures frozen on fossils are qualified to tell us how terrible the changes on the earth are.
Earth's warmth and cold alternating
Comparing the past and our present, where is this?
