The appropriate temperature is a necessary condition for the survival and reproduction of life. Life forms are like a complex machine, with complex and diverse internal processes, and some require appropriate temperature conditions.
The Earth is one of the eight major planets in the solar system. It orbits the sun. The average distance from the sun is 150 million kilometers. This distance is defined as " astronomical unit ". The fusion of hydrogen nuclei has been carried out in the core of the sun. 600 million tons of hydrogen per second occurs in fusion reaction. generates 595 million tons of helium. There will be a loss of 5 million tons of mass in the entire process. They will follow Einstein. mass-energy equation is converted into energy and eventually spreads outward in the form of light and heat.
is located in different orbits of the solar system, and the solar radiation energy it receives is naturally different. For example, Mercury and Venus are like purgatory on earth, while the far distance Pluto , the ninth largest planet of , is a A completely frozen world.
. The earth is in an appropriate position, and the solar radiation energy received is just right, which gives the earth a suitable temperature and can meet the survival and development needs of life. The earth is located in a habitable zone of the solar system.
Exit the earth, and what welcoming humans will be extremely cold or hot high temperatures. The lowest temperature is at -273.15℃ as the limit, and the maximum temperature can reach 140 million degrees Celsius. Who is setting the temperature limit of the universe behind it? ?
Temperature does not equal heat
In our conventional consciousness, the temperature and heat are the same. We listen to the weather forecast every day to decide whether to add clothes to keep warm the next day, or reduce the cooling of clothes. In short, we use hot and cold to define it. Temperature, or temperature alone, determines the heat and heat.
To give a simple example, we know that the temperature on the surface of the sun can reach 5500 degrees Celsius, while the temperature on the corona layer can reach 1 million degrees Celsius. The highest melting point substance currently owned by humans is that the chemical formula of tetratanium tetracarbon is Ta4HfC5. The melting point can reach 4215 degrees Celsius. However, human Parker solar detector can move at a corona strata at a high temperature of 1 million degrees Celsius without melting.
Here, it actually fully illustrates the difference between temperature and heat. Temperature is actually just indicating the intensity of the thermal motion of the microscopic particles of , and heat is the energy that the object is actually receiving. The high temperature of 60 degrees Celsius in a sauna is definitely completely different from the water in a bath.
Who determines the highest temperature and lowest temperature in the universe?
The temperature in the universe has a limit. The lowest is -273.15℃, which is called absolute zero degree and the highest is 140 million degrees Celsius. It is called Planck temperature . So who will set the upper and lower limits of this temperature. Determine, why can't it be other numbers?
01, the highest temperature of the universe
The temperature is the intensity of the thermal motion of microscopic particles. You can refer to the motion speed of particles . The current mainstream view believes that the universe was born in the Big Bang 13.82 billion years ago, and at the moment of the Big Bang, the Big Bang. It is the moment when particles are most intensely moving, and the temperature will continue to drop after the Big Bang of .
Therefore, the temperature at the beginning of the birth of the universe was at a maximum of 140 million degrees Celsius. From another perspective, considering the limitation of the speed of light, the intensity of the thermal motion of microscopic particles is also at the highest limit.
02, the lowest temperature in the universe
The lowest temperature in the universe is called absolute zero. It is the lowest temperature in thermodynamics . Absolute zero is absolute zero (0K, -273.15℃, -459.67℉), which is different from the maximum temperature. It is a theoretical lowest value that is completely unattainable in real life.
The lowest temperature found in the universe so far is the Boomerang Nebula 3000 light years away. It is a cloud of gas around a dying star. Because the heat is pumped away, the temperature drops rapidly. The temperature is about minus 272 degrees Celsius, which is about 1 Kelvin.At the lowest temperature in the laboratory, scientists cooled the bbq atoms to only one billionth of a degree Celsius higher than absolute zero, the latest research has been published in the journal Nature Physics.
The so-called absolute zero degree is to stop all microscopic particles from moving, but this situation is not allowed to exist. From the perspective of quantum mechanics , the principle of uncertainty is actually very simple to explain the uncertainty of microscopic particles. . If the kinetic energy of microscopic particles stops moving at zero, then the principle of uncertainty is "determined", so this situation cannot happen.
said that the maximum temperature of
and the absolute zero of the lowest temperature are the result supported by the current scientific system and have theoretical basis. From the existing situation, no cases of breaking the temperature limit have been found. As for who will set it? I can only say that the universe is the development law like this!
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