Whenever we toss a coin in the air, we know it will come back because of gravity. Gravity is the most mysterious force in the universe, and scientists have been studying its origins for years, but now researchers are conducting a study that will change everything about our understanding of the universe's eternity. They claim to have solved the mystery of gravity. The real source. Today we are going to talk about where gravity comes from?
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces that act on us every day. Objects with mass can produce gravity. The other three are the electromagnetic force and the strong and weak nuclear forces . These three forces were not known until recent centuries. Gravity, which is unknown to humans but affects everything from planets to stars, keeps us on the Earth's surface and moves the Earth around the sun, has long been the subject of speculation.
The sun's orbital gravity tightly binds all its constituent elements together, allowing nuclear fusion to produce heat and light, or simply put, gravity gives life. Newton believed that the force of gravity increases as the mass of objects increases or as they come closer together. If we add the numbers together, doubling the mass of an object doubles its pull, doubling the distance between two objects quadruples their pull on each other, and these concepts are condensed into Newton's law of gravity.
But Newton's laws are not perfect, and astronomers in the 19th century discovered that there is a tiny difference between Newton's laws and the laws of nature. At that time, scientists saw that the ellipse formed by Mercury's orbit revolved around the sun faster than Newton's theory predicted. This problem was later solved by the German-American physicist Albert Einstein in his generalized theory published in 1915. The theory of relativity is solved in .
Einstein proposed that the shape of spacetime is responsible for the gravity we experience. All objects with mass like the Earth actually curve the fabric of the universe, which is spacetime. The curvature is the gravity we feel. Any object must obey this. Curvature, even light rays are bent by supermassive objects, Einstein's general relativity field equations A set of equations that show how matter and energy change processes when they accurately predicted the orbit of Mercury during the 1919 solar eclipse This theory is demonstrated by the distortion of space-time as the lines of stars around the Sun change and bend.
So does this mean that Einstein's theory of relativity proved Newton wrong? No, Newton's method was descriptive. He matched observed phenomena to a simple mathematical problem. His mathematics could not explain the gravity function, but it is still a very effective way to describe the behavior of ordinary objects. . What Einstein did was improve our understanding of the origins of gravity, such as black holes. Using Einstein's theory of relativity near black holes would be more accurate than Newton's laws of gravity. Newton's laws accurately describe how objects move, but Einstein 's tensor field equations are even more important because astronomers have discovered actual black holes in outer space and even managed to take photos of the massive black hole at the center of our galaxy. Other telescopes have observed the impact of black holes on the surrounding universe.
Astronomers tested Einstein's theory with the help of these black holes. In a study published in the journal Scientific Astronomer, the model of gravity outlined in Einstein's general theory of relativity is thought to occur deep within these black holes. collapsed on its own, and by studying the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A at the center of the Milky Way . The study shows that even at the very edge of a black hole, gravity behaves exactly as Einstein predicted. However, this study only established the applicability of Einstein's model of relativity.
In 2018, scientists monitored the star SO2 when it was closest to Sagittarius A. The star is very close to the constellation Sagittarius and moves at 2.7% the speed of light. Astronomers used the Keck Observatory Gemini Observatory and the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii in 3D Track the full track of so2. This data was combined with measurements they made over the past 24 years.If Einstein is right, black holes will distort space-time in a way that extends the wavelength of light from s0 to 2.
Simply put, when the black hole's powerful gravity exhausts its energy, the waves lengthen, changing the color of the starlight from blue to red. The fact that stars are still emitting blue light supports Newton's theory of gravity, which ignores the curvature of space and time. If it changes the tone, it leads to a completely different concept of gravity. However, just as Einstein predicted that stars would emit red light, the researchers analyzed the gravitational redshift prediction in general relativity, which states that light becomes distorted by gravity.
The scientists’ observations are consistent with Einstein’s theory of general relativity. However, his theory undoubtedly shows fragility. It cannot fully explain the gravity inside a black hole. At some point, we need to move beyond Einstein’s theory. theory, turning to a more comprehensive theory of gravity to explain what black holes are? This will be a revolution in physics.
