Text | Candy Fruit
On June 16, 1963, with a loud bang, the Soviet Union’s "Vostok 6" spacecraft rushed into the sky.
This is a special flight, which can be said to be a historical event in the process of human activities.
Because the woman sitting in the cabin is a woman named Tereshkova .
is the world's first female astronaut to enter space.
She was only 26 years old at the time. She flew alone in space for 70 hours, 40 minutes and 49 seconds, orbiting the earth 48 times. There were dangers during the flight, but she persisted with her strong psychological quality and tenacious willpower.
finally returned to Earth successfully.
This episode of the character story takes everyone to get to know the female astronaut.
01
Tereshkova, whose original name was very long, was called: Valentina Vladimirovna _span.
was born on March 6, 1937 in a village called Maslennikova.
The family has been farming for generations.
Her father Vladimir drives a tractor, and her mother Yelena is a worker in a textile factory.
There are three children in the family. Tereshkova is the second child. There is an older sister above and a younger brother below.
The family's life was pretty good, but when Tereshkova was two or three years old, her father Vladimir was enlisted in the army. He disappeared after going to the front in an operation and never came back. .
Leaving his wife Yelena to raise three children alone, the family is in trouble.
After the end of World War II, Tereshkova went to school and received education like other children. After graduating from high school, she entered a textile factory and became a female textile worker like her mother, earning money to support her family.
The arduous growth environment has shaped Tereshkova’s independence, self-reliance and tenacity. Her cheerful and positive personality is full of enthusiasm and yearning for all new things. In her spare time, she uses her free time Chase your dreams.
That is to fly to the sky.
In 1959, Tereshkova joined the Yaroslav Aviation Club, a team of volunteers supporting the Soviet Air Force at the time. She learned parachuting and fell in love with it. project.
Later she also established the cotton spinning mill workers skydiving club, with a group of female weavers learning to skydive.
What she didn’t expect at that time was,Skydiving will open a new door to her life.
02
On April 12, 1961, the Soviet "Vostok 1" spacecraft carried a male astronaut named Gagarin_span. The spacecraft flew around the earth for a week, and then returned successfully, fulfilling the human desire to enter space.
Gagarin became the world's first astronaut to enter space.
has also become an idol in many people's minds, including Tereshkova.
Encouraged by this, Tereshkova and the girls from the club wrote a joint letter and sent it to the relevant department.
The general content of the letter is that men can be astronauts and women can be, and the space agency should treat them equally and give women such opportunities.
Unexpectedly, Tereshkova got a response a few days after the letter was sent.
The space agency really decided to recruit female astronauts.
The astronaut recruitment plan this time is 50 places, of which 5 places are for women, and skydiving is one of the important criteria for assessment. They selected 58 candidates from 400 candidates, and then conducted written examinations, interviews, and physical examinations.
With excellent comprehensive ability,Tereshkova was successfully shortlisted and became one of the five female astronauts.
and served as the leader of the female student group. She was 25 years old that year.
After entering the Air Force Astronaut Training Center, Tereshkova finally met her idol: Gagarin.
Because Gagarin has successful flying experience, he was appointed to instruct female students to train.
The training plan of the astronauts is extremely difficult. It challenges the dual limits of the human body and the mind. Strong endurance and willpower are the key, so every daily training is an extreme challenge.
It is said that when Tereshkova entered the centrifuge training, she fainted because her body could not bear the huge pressure.
But after waking up, she asked to enter the centrifuge again to continue training.
There is another rigorous training, which is to be confined in a small confined space for 7 days.
In this way, Tereshkova has passed various difficult tests with a tenacious will.
She became the first flight astronaut of "Vostok 6".
However, there are also reports that Tereshkova was actually a standby astronaut and another female astronaut for the first flight.
As a result, shortly before the flight, the female astronaut who flew for the first time was found to be pregnant during the medical examination, and Tereshkova became the first astronaut.
Anyway, Tereshkova was the last to perform the Vostok 6 mission.
03
Only two years have passed since the last time Gagarin drove the "Vostok 1" spacecraft into space, and the Soviet Union decided to execute female astronauts to fly the spacecraft. Space plan.
Two days before the execution of this mission, that is, June 14, 1963, the Soviet Union had just executed the "Vostok 5" spacecraft flying program. The astronaut was a male named Kovsky. He The flight time is 119 hours.
and the "Vostok 6" spacecraft that Tereshkova later piloted returned to the ground on the same day.
On June 16, 1963, 26-year-old Tereshkova stepped into the cabin of the "Vostok 6" spacecraft alone.
At this time, she is ready to sacrifice. She cherishes this opportunity very much, even if she can't come back alive.
Along with the loud bang, Tereshkova’s "Vostok 6" spacecraft flew into space at the Baikonur launch site in Kazakhstan. achieved the first human A female astronaut’s flying pioneering .
However, the process of this flight was not smooth, but there were many problems.
When the "Vostok 6" spacecraft piloted by Tereshkova and the "Vostok 5" spacecraft piloted by Bekovsky approached each other (the closest distance between the two spacecrafts is 4.5 kilometers), Bekov Ski tried many times to talk to Tereshkova, but they were all unsuccessful.
In addition, because the aerospace technology at that time was not as mature as it is now, the cabin was very small, and Tereshkova sitting in the cabin could not move. It was naturally very uncomfortable for a long time.
Her right calf always hurts, the dry bread is hard to swallow, and the stomach feels sick all the time. She has overcome all these difficulties. She focused her attention on the work of the mission and took a lot of precious photos.
In fact, it was Tereshkova who offered to extend the flight time. In the end, she flew 48 times around the earth in 70 hours, 40 minutes and 49 seconds.
When returning to Earth, Tereshkova’s spacecraft had another problem.
Originally it should have fallen, but instead of falling, it has risen, becoming farther and farther away from the earth.
Tereshkova responded calmly. She reported the abnormal situation to the person in charge on the ground. Fortunately, after the efforts of both parties, the error was corrected in time, and the spacecraft finally began to descend.
However, when she was about to reach the ground, Tereshkova discovered a new problem. There was a lake underneath.
The place where she finally descended was land, but because of the parachute problem,As a result, she could only descend in an inverted position, and as a result she fell heavily to the ground, hit her head on the ground, and fainted.
After finding Tereshkova, the ground staff immediately rushed her to the hospital. Fortunately, there was no major problem with her body.
So the next day, Tereshkova was asked to put on her spacesuit again and return to the place where she landed to take promotional photos.
People only saw her smiling and waving at the camera, but they didn't know that the flight was a thrilling journey of nine deaths.
04
After that, Tereshkova became a highly sought-after heroine of the Soviet Union.
She was driving slowly on the streets in a special car, and the roads were crowded with people worshiping her.
As the first woman in the world to fly into space, her deeds have inspired many women and made them more confident.
This was a major advancement in the self-awareness of Soviet women at that time.
For the space department at the time, Tereshkova became a protected "cultural relic". With the efforts of the relevant leaders, she returned from space for only more than three months. Kova got married.
The manure does not flow out of the field, and the man Tereshkova married is also an astronaut.
His name is Andrian Nikolaev. He has performed the spacecraft mission of "Vostok 3" and later also performed the mission of "Soyuz 9".
It seems that he and Tereshkova are very close friends, and they are really flying together. But what about the facts?
On November 3, 1963, the government department held a grand wedding for the two space heroes. The wedding was attended by the big and face-faced people at the time, which caused a sensation.
In the second year after marriage, a professor revealed that Tereshkova went to the research institute for consultation and she was pregnant.
Why go to a scientific research institute instead of a hospital for consultation?
Because Tereshkova was worried about the impact of her space trip a year ago on her body. Under this circumstance, whether pregnancy will affect the health of the fetus, the institute also attaches great importance to it and invited the Soviet Union The best expert consultation.
Fortunately, Tereshkova gave birth to a healthy baby girl.
But her marriage hit the rocks after the birth of her daughter.
Actually, this marriage is not as beautiful as the outside world sees. Nikolayev has a grumpy temper, and is a hand-off shopkeeper. He likes to hang out with friends outside, which makes Tereshkova Unbearable.
However, the two were brought together by the leader above, and divorce would be a joke.
In order not to affect their respective aerospace careers, they chose to continue to live a nominal married life.
It was not until 1978 that the appearance of a man made Tereshkova decide to divorce.
The man is called Yuri Shaboshnik.
is a doctor from the Academy of Military Medicine. The two met during the routine physical examination of the astronaut selection in 1978.
At that time, Tereshkova wanted to fly into space again, but unfortunately it failed to do so.
It was also because she realized that she had no chance to go to space anymore, Tereshkova made up her mind to file for divorce.
was approved for divorce in 1982, and then she reorganized a new family with Yuri Shaposhnik.
This marriage made Tereshkova truly happy.
Yuri Shaboshnik died of cancer in 1999.
Tereshkova did not remarry afterwards.
Yelena, the daughter of her and her ex-husband Nikolaev, finally became a surgeon.
After retiring, Tereshkova lived with her daughter's family and accompanied her two grandchildren to grow up. However, as long as there is an invitation for an event, she will still actively attend. This space heroine is still a heavyweight. .
Tereshkova came to China in 2006 and said in an interview with China's "Guangzhou Daily":
"The earth is beautiful,It impressed me too deeply. Astronauts, regardless of gender, are the forerunners of mankind to conquer space. When I was in space, I realized that compared with the power that unites mankind, the power of human division is insignificant.
Born in a turbulent era, her father died of war and grew up with her mother in a difficult situation. Tereshkova did not lose confidence in her life, even though she went to work as a factory to make money to support her family at the age of 17. , But she embraced life with enthusiasm.
Therefore, she created more possibilities and opportunities for herself, and took the initiative to win the opportunity to become the first female astronauts in the world.
Destiny may be Full of injustice, but the right to choose is in our own hands.
— end —
Author: Candy Fruit, author from the media, focusing on hot spots and character growth stories, welcome everyone to follow and leave a message.
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