"My whole body hurts, it hurts so much, I have a headache. It feels like two hammers are being knocked. I keep knocking, and my temples are bulging out. I have pain in my waist and back, I can't even turn over, and I can't feel anything except pain in my lower body..." The second antigen "positive" 5 days apart made Zhang What the woman didn't expect was that the symptoms this time were much more painful than the first time, "it hurt ten times more than the first time."
This was her second time testing positive for the new coronavirus antigen. She was "positive" for the first time and had no symptoms on the 5th day. On the 7th day, the antigen turned negative. Three or four antigen tests in a row were all negative. But only 5 days after turning negative, on December 20, she became positive again.
In Ms. Zhang’s opinion, she has her own reasons for this “yang”. She believed that she had been infected once and therefore lacked protection. When working in the company, she occasionally did not wear a mask and did not disinfect as often as before.
In response to Ms. Zhang’s situation, virology expert Chang Rongshan said, “The infection and pain process of ‘antigen re-positive’ will be longer than the first time. The first time may be 5 days, and this time it may be more than 5 days.” Chang Rongshan said that the main reason for patients with “antigen re-positive” is that their immunity is lower than that of ordinary people, and they need to be quarantined at home, and the course of the disease may be longer than 14 days. What is the difference between
antigen re-positive and secondary infection with ?
Chang Rongshan said that there are two so-called "recovery yangs", one is nucleic acid "recovery yang", and the other is called "antigen recovery yang" . Ms. Zhang's situation belongs to "antigen recovery yang". The so-called "antigen re-positive", in layman's terms, means that after the first infection, the virus did not replicate well, and the virus replication decreased, and the antigen concentration produced was lower than the minimum detection limit of the test kit, which shows a "false negative" and the virus in the body has not been completely eliminated.
Generally speaking, the neutralizing antibodies produced in the body can fully protect oneself 14 days after infection. Ms. Zhang only had 10 days from the 9th to the 19th of the initial infection, and the neutralizing antibody titer in her body was not high enough; if the colleagues she met on the 19th were still in the virus shedding period during the infection period ( (commonly known as the detoxification period), and Ms. Zhang did not take good protection, "secondary exposure" will occur; if this is the case, the increase in virus replication in Ms. Zhang's body can be explained. Not only the antigen re-positive, but also the symptoms worsen; the reason is that her anti-COVID-19 immunity has not been fully recovered. A hard indicator for recovery is that after at least 14 days, or the anti-COVID-19 neutralizing antibody IgG concentration is higher than the protective threshold .
"Re-infection" means that a person who has been infected by the new coronavirus has completely recovered and is then infected again by the new coronavirus. "Re-infection" is usually symptomatic, and the infection is not the same mutant strain as the original infection, but is usually re-infected by the latest generation of circulating strains that have experienced immune escape.
It takes about 2 to 3 weeks after the patient turns negative to recover his physical strength.
Gao Yan, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at Peking University People's Hospital: Although the patient's fever has subsided and the antigen has turned negative, it actually takes 2 to 3 weeks for a person's physical strength and functions to slowly recover. "Sickness comes like a mountain, and sickness goes like a thread." Don't be too anxious during this period, pay appropriate attention to rest, strengthen nutrition, and promote physical recovery.
How long does it take for antibodies to appear after infection?
It does take some time from initial exposure to the virus to the generation of corresponding antibodies, but it is not the 15 days as rumored. Judging from current research, this process only takes 7 days on average. We focus on two types of antibodies produced by the body to fight the new coronavirus: IgM and IgG. From the beginning of exposure to the virus, IgM antibodies will appear on the 7th day, which is the first antibody force to appear in many infectious diseases; about 14 days later, IgG antibody , the main force in killing viruses, appears, and reaches its peak on about 25th to 30th day, and can even last for more than 6 months.
For the new coronavirus, there is an average incubation period of 5 days. In other words, when most people start to have symptoms 2 days later, the body already has antibodies. For most people, it takes less time to develop antibodies.
Is there a period of weakness before antibodies are produced?
After we become "yang", it is not a period of weak immunity of the body, but a period of enhanced immunity. In the face of the new coronavirus, in addition to antibodies, our bodies also have multiple immune defense lines, which are fully activated from the beginning of the virus invasion and are very lethal to the new coronavirus.
The immune defense line that is activated more quickly when the body resists viruses - the "innate immune" response will be activated and take effect before antibodies are produced. " cellular immunity " is also at work. The T lymphocytes in the body are activated and lyse cells that have been invaded by the virus. Before antibodies are produced, the body's immune system starts fighting early. At this stage of full firepower, the immune system is neither weak nor "re-infected".
Many people have recurring symptoms after being infected, such as high fever again after a few days after the fever subsides, itching in the throat again after recovery, etc. This is not a repeated infection, but a normal process that has not recovered after being infected once.
Generally speaking, if the emergence of new mutant strains is not considered, the risk of secondary infection in most healthy people within 3 months is relatively low .
Source/Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News, Shangguan News, Xinmin Evening News, etc.
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