After the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention and control measures, many people choose to take their own medicine at home, but they may not necessarily use it correctly. How to use medicine correctly? How to avoid common medication misunderstandings? One article interpretation.
Read the drug instructions
Before taking the medicine, be sure to read the drug instructions carefully, especially important information such as drug name, ingredients, indications, usage and dosage, adverse reactions, contraindications, precautions, storage methods and validity period .
[Ingredients] If you are taking multiple drugs at the same time, it is recommended to read the ingredients clearly. Check whether the main ingredients of several medicines are the same. If so, don’t take them together.
[Indications] If you choose your own medicine, it is very important to clearly understand the indications. carefully check whether your symptoms are the same as those described in the instructions. If you're not sure, it's best to seek help from a professional.
[Usage and Dosage] Pay attention to the dosage of medication, sometimes you need to convert it yourself.
[Adverse Reactions] understands the adverse reactions of drugs, which is helpful for timely detection and treatment of abnormal situations after medication.
[Contraindications] For all prohibited drugs, the regulations on the drug instructions must be strictly followed, and specific groups of people are prohibited from using .
[Notes] mainly focuses on the safety and effectiveness of medication . For example, before using cephalosporins, the patient's allergy history should be asked in detail. There are also recommendations for taking medications, such as aspirin, which is recommended to be taken after meals.
[Medication for pregnant and lactating women] [Medication for children] [Medication for the elderly] If these people use the drug, be careful and observe for any adverse reactions.
[Storage method] Some drugs have special requirements for the storage environment , such as albumin , insulin and need to be refrigerated. Therefore, care must be taken when storing, transporting and carrying these drugs.
Common medication misunderstandings
Mistakes 1
"Three times a day" and "before and after three meals" are confused.
"Take three times a day, before meals" in the drug instructions or doctor's prescription means that the medicine needs to be taken on time before three meals every day. "Three times a day" was determined by pharmacologists after experimentally measuring the metabolism rate of the drug in the human body. It means that 24 hours a day is divided into 3 segments on average, and the drug is taken every 8 hours. Only taking medicine on time can ensure a stable blood drug concentration (the concentration of the drug in the blood) in the body and achieve the therapeutic effect. If all three doses are scheduled during the day, the blood drug concentration will be too high during the day and the therapeutic concentration will not be reached at night.
"Taking before meals" means that the drug needs to be taken on an empty stomach (1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals) to facilitate absorption . If you have just eaten some snacks before eating, then "before meal" at this time is not considered "fasting".
Error2
Dry swallowing pills
Most medicines need to be taken with water, but sometimes many people just swallow the pills dry to save trouble. In fact, there are many hidden dangers in doing so.
Drugs are slow to take effect: The human esophagus has three physiological narrowings. When food and drugs pass through, they are easily retained, or it may take longer to reach the gastrointestinal tract. Drinking water when taking tablets can help the medicine reach the gastrointestinal tract faster and facilitate absorption and effectiveness. When the tablets are swallowed dry, the time it takes for the drug to reach the gastrointestinal tract becomes longer and the onset of effect becomes slower .
It is easy to cause nausea and vomiting : Some medicines have a special taste. If is swallowed dry, the irritation will be more obvious, which can easily lead to nausea and even vomiting of medicines and food.
Injury to the esophagus: When pills are swallowed dry, the pills tend to stick to the wall of the esophagus. Some drugs are irritating to the esophageal mucosa (such as bisphosphonates, drugs used to treat osteoporosis). Retention in the esophagus can cause retrosternal pain, burning and other discomforts. In severe cases, they can also cause esophagitis, esophageal ulcers and esophageal erosion.
Error 3
Take it with drinks
Various drinks such as milk, juice, tea, cola, etc. will interact with the medicine, which may affect the efficacy and even cause danger.For example, taking antipyretic analgesics such as compound aspirin and sugar-coated antibiotics such as berberine and acetylspiramycin with fruit juice or acidic drinks will accelerate the dissolution of the drugs, damage the gastric mucosa, and in severe cases can cause gastric mucosal bleeding. The correct method for is to use boiled water at a moderate temperature to deliver the medicine .
Error 4
Overdose of cold medicines
Many patients will take several cold medicines at the same time in order to get better from the cold. This approach is not advisable! The main ingredients of cold medicine are mostly acetaminophen . There is a maximum safe daily dosage of acetaminophen. If you take multiple cold medicines at the same time, it is easy to overdose on acetaminophen and cause liver damage .
Chinese patent medicines also contain Western medicine ingredients, so be sure to read the drug instructions carefully! Do not take excessive amounts of medicines with the same ingredients..
Error 5
Take cephalosporins after drinking alcohol
Do not take cephalosporin antibiotics after drinking . Wine contains ethanol. After ethanol enters the human liver, it will first be metabolized into acetaldehyde by ethanol dehydrogenase, then metabolized into acetic acid by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and finally decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, and metabolized out of the body.
Cephalosporins inhibit the activity of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, resulting in the inability to rapidly and completely metabolize acetaldehyde into acetic acid, resulting in the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the liver, resulting in disulfiram-like reactions . In severe cases, it can lead to liver failure and even multiple organ failure.
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source | Hangzhou released
editor | Zhou Ying
first trial | Fu Tengzi
second trial | Yang Lan
final trial | Jia Guoyong
