Speaking of hypertension , I believe everyone must be familiar with it. The number of patients with hypertension in our country has been increasing. Among high pressure and low pressure, which one will be more dangerous if it rises? This is a question that many patients with hypertension are concerned about.
If we talk about the risk alone, then the high pressure increase in blood pressure is more dangerous than the consequences of low pressure increase. Because elevated high pressure often means more severe arteriosclerosis, making cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases more likely to occur .
Generally speaking, a simple increase in high pressure is a disease of the artery itself and cannot be reversed, while a simple increase in low pressure can be reversed if the arterial elasticity is normal.
1. High pressure and low pressure in blood pressure
, high pressure
High pressure is also called systolic pressure , which refers to the maximum pressure of blood on arteries when the heart contracts to pump blood. When the elasticity of human arteries and blood vessels is normal, they can expand normally, the heart can easily pump blood, and blood pressure is normal.
Excessive blood pressure will damage the intima of blood vessels, causing lipids in the blood to enter the intima, thereby forming atherosclerosis, and hardened blood vessels will further increase blood pressure.
Therefore, arteriosclerosis and hypertension are cause and effect of each other, and if not controlled, a vicious cycle will form. It will affect the heart, brain, eyes, kidneys, blood vessels and many other organs.
. Low pressure:
What we usually call low pressure is also called diastolic pressure , which refers to the lowest pressure of the arteries on the blood when the heart is in the diastolic phase. When the heart contracts, the pressure of the heart contraction pushes the blood to flow, and the large arteries expand to accommodate the blood. When the heart relaxes, the aortic valve closes to prevent blood from flowing back, and the aorta elastically recoils to push blood forward.
Mental stress, obesity, renin and other factors can cause peripheral small blood vessels to constrict. At this time, when the large arteries undergo elastic recoil during diastole, the resistance will increase, causing an increase in low pressure. Therefore, increased low pressure will lead to a decrease in blood supply to various organs during diastole, causing symptoms such as dizziness, heart palpitations , and chest tightness.
Which of "high pressure and low pressure" is more dangerous?
Hypotension can be divided into physiological and pathological. Physiological hypotension may be caused by standing up suddenly after sitting or sitting for a long time. Hypotension may also be induced if you stand for a long time or drink too little water.
Pathological hypotension may be caused by serious infection, thyroid disease , heart disease , gastrointestinal bleeding and other diseases. For people with symptomatic hypertension, symptoms such as numbness in the hair, dizziness, chest tightness, and neck stiffness will generally occur.
There may also be complications, such as coronary heart disease or heart failure , stroke etc.
So there is no good or bad difference between the two. There will be some differences in prevention and treatment measures, and both need to be treated symptomatically.
The characteristics of hypertension are different in different age groups.
. Hypertension in young and middle-aged people
means elevated diastolic blood pressure and normal systolic blood pressure. This is because the arterial elasticity of young and middle-aged people is normal. When the heart pumps blood, the large arterial system can expand normally, and the heart receives little resistance. However, due to the contraction of peripheral arterioles, when the large arteries rebound during diastole, the resistance increases, causing the diastolic blood pressure to rise and the difference between pulse pressures to become smaller.
, Senile hypertension
is an increase in systolic blood pressure and a decrease in diastolic blood pressure. This is because arteriosclerosis is severe in the elderly. When the heart pumps blood, the expansion of the arteries is limited, so the heart increases its contraction force. When the heart relaxes, because the elasticity of the arteries weakens and the expansion is insufficient, the resilience will be insufficient, resulting in a decrease in diastolic blood pressure and an increase in the difference between pulse pressures.
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Hypertension can cause various diseases
Hypertension is a chronic disease that seriously threatens human health and can cause many diseases.
Hypertension can cause sclerosis of arterial blood vessels and promote the formation of atherosclerosis. This condition can cause blood in various tissues and organs of the body. The stenosis or occlusion of the tube causes insufficient blood supply, and may even occur ischemia and necrosis of tissues and organs, which seriously affect their function.
For example, cerebrovascular diseases include cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage , coronary heart disease, kidney function damage, etc., which is directly related to hypertension. Moreover, hypertension can also lead to fundus arteriosclerosis, seepage, even bleeding, retinal detachment, etc., which seriously affects vision and may even lead to blindness.
In short, there are many diseases caused by hypertension, so hypertension should be strictly and actively controlled to minimize the occurrence of hypertension complications.
How should we prevent hypertension diseases
Healthy lifestyle
High and low. Food food is the most important thing for hypertension: Food is the people, and a reasonable diet can make you not fat or thin, Cholesterol is not high or low.
Adjust exercise
The importance of exercise to hypertension: There is a saying: "When you are young, use health for money, and when you are old, use exercise for health." In addition to promoting blood circulation and reducing cholesterol production, it can also enhance the occurrence of stiffness of muscles, bones and joints.
Exercise can increase appetite and promote Gastrointestinal motility, prevent constipation, and improve sleep. Have the habit of continuous exercise: it is best to do aerobic exercise, which will help. Aerobic exercise can lower blood pressure just like losing weight. For example, walking, jogging, Tai Chi , cycling and swimming are all aerobic exercises.
quit smoking and limit alcohol
0 Smoking can lead to high blood pressure. Studies have proved that after smoking a cigarette, heart rate every Increase 5-20 times per minute, and the systolic blood pressure increases by 10-25mmhg.
Because tobacco leaf contains nicotine (nicotine) will excite central nerve and sympathetic nerve , which will speed up the heart rate. At the same time, it also prompts adrenal to release a large amount of catecholamines, causing arterioles to contract, causing blood pressure to increase. nicotine will also stimulate chemoreceptor in the blood vessels, reflexively causing blood pressure to rise. 2
self-management
1. Regularly measure blood pressure, and should be measured at least once in 1-2 weeks.
. Treat hypertension with "three hearts", namely confidence, determination, and perseverance. Only in this way can we prevent or delay the damage of important organs of the body.
. Take antihypertensive drugs regularly and yourself Do not reduce the dosage or stop the medication at will, and adjust it under the guidance of the doctor and the current condition to prevent blood pressure from rebounding.
. In addition to taking appropriate medications, you should also pay attention to the combination of work and rest, pay attention to diet, exercise appropriately, maintain mood stability, and sleep adequately.
. The elderly should not rush to reduce blood pressure. Blood pressure should be controlled at 140-159mmhg to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
