United Nations Diabetes Day
education protection tomorrow
diabetics
diabetics
education
prevention
United Nations Diabetes Day:
its predecessor was World Diabetes Day (World Diabetes Day' WDD), co-sponsored by World Health Organization and International Diabetes Alliance in 1991. Its purpose is to arouse global alertness and awakening of diabetes.
November 14, 2022 is the 16th United Nations Diabetes Day. This year's theme is "Education Protection Tomorrow" aims to enable medical workers to better popularize knowledge; diabetic patients can better receive high-quality diabetes education, effectively reduce the harm of diabetes, and protect the health of the people.
United Nations Diabetes Promotion Day Highlights
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people at high risk for diabetes
has one of the following factors, that is, people at high risk for diabetes:
1. Age ≥4 0 years old;
2. Overweight and obesity;
3. Hypertension ;
4. Hypolipidemia ;
5. Sitting lifestyle;
6. Family history of diabetes;
7. Gestational diabetes history;
8. Huge child (birth weight ≥4Kg) reproductive history.
6.1 mmol/L ≤Fasting blood glucose (FBG) 7.0mmol1/L, or 7.8mmol/L sugar load for 2 hours blood glucose (2hPG) 11.1mmo1/L, which is impaired sugar regulation, also known as prediabetes , belongs to the extremely high-risk group of people with diabetes.
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Diabetes definition
Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar caused by defects insulin secretion and (or) effects. The typical symptoms of diabetes are "three more and one less" (drinking more, eating more, urinating more, weight loss). People who have typical symptoms of diabetes and meet any of the following conditions can be diagnosed as diabetes:
1. Blood sugar ≥11. 1mmol/L (200mg/dl);
2. Fasting blood sugar ≥7.0mm1/L (126mg/dl);
3. Oral glucose tolerance test blood sugar level ≥11.1mmol/L (200mg/dl).
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Poor diabetes control will cause serious harm
Poor diabetes control will cause serious harm
diabetic patients are often accompanied by abnormal fat and protein metabolism. Long-term hyperglycemia can cause a variety of organs, especially eye, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, nerve damage or organ insufficiency or failure, resulting in disability or premature death. Common complications of diabetes include stroke , myocardial infarction, retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy , diabetic foot, etc.
1. The risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is 2-4 times higher than that of non-diabetic people of the same age and gender, and it advances the age of onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, making the condition more serious;
2. Diabetic patients are often accompanied by hypertension and dyslipidemia:
3. Diabetic retinopathy is the main cause of blindness in adults;
4. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common causes of renal failure;
5. Severe diabetic foot can lead to amputation.
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Defense of diabetes
1. Popularize knowledge on diabetes prevention and treatment;
2. Maintain a healthy lifestyle of reasonable diet and regular exercise;
3. Healthy people start to test fasting blood sugar once a year from the age of 40. People in the early stage of diabetes are recommended to test fasting blood sugar once every six months or blood sugar 2 hours after meals;
4. Intervention with prediabetes as early as possible;
5. Through diet control and exercise, the body mass index of overweight fertilizers reaches or is close to 24, or the weight decreases by at least 7%, which can reduce the risk of diabetes in the early stage of diabetes by 35-58%.
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Comprehensive treatment for patients with diabetes
1. Nutritional treatment, exercise treatment, drug treatment, health education and blood sugar monitoring are the five comprehensive treatment measures for diabetes;
2. Diabetic patients take measures to lower glucose, lower blood pressure, adjust blood lipids, and control weight, correct bad living habits such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, controlling oil, reducing salt and increasing physical activity, which can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes complications;
3. Self-management of diabetes patients is an effective method to control diabetes conditions, and self-blood glucose monitoring should be carried out under the guidance of professional doctors and/or nurses;
4. Actively treat diabetes, smoothly control the condition, and delay complications. Diabetic patients can enjoy life like normal people.
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basic elements of diabetes health management
1. Healthy drink Food;
2. Exercise appropriately;
3. Health education and psychological support;
4. Self-monitoring of blood sugar;
5. Drug treatment (including insulin treatment).
Q Can diabetes be reversed?
Answer: Yes, but it does not mean healing.
For a long time, diabetes has been considered a lifelong progressive chronic disease. Once diabetes is diagnosed, it is believed that it is necessary to take hypoglycemic drugs for life or use insulin to control blood sugar.
In recent years, the international treatment strategies for obesity and super-heavy type 2 diabetes in the early stages of diabetes are gradually changing from controlling blood sugar through drugs to improving body weight through to relieve diabetes.
According to the United States "Consensus Report: Definition and Interpretation of Type 2 Diabetes Remission" and China "China Expert Consensus on Relieving Type 2 Diabetes" as follows:
What is "reversal"
refers to the process of lifestyle intervention without medication, blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin is normal, and pancreatic islet function gradually recovers. According to the length of time and blood sugar control level, it is divided into partial reversal, complete reversal, and long-term reversal.
So "reversal" does not mean healing, so the word used in the "Consensus" is "relieving". Once you can’t control your mouth and your legs, high blood sugar will “relapse”.
Professor Zou Dajin commented in this way: "Helping patients obtain long-term relief of diabetes, or even reverse it is a doctor's sentiment. The relief of 2 diabetes helps patients avoid using hypoglycemic drugs for a long time, comprehensively improve cardiovascular risk factors, and enhance confidence and happiness."
Picture source: Zhuanting Design
How to "reversal"
"Consensus" clearly states that weight loss is the core of alleviating overweight or obesity T2DM. The improvement in weight is a sign of the T2DM relief effect. Reducing weight can cause ectopic fat deposition in patients and islets β Cell function, IR, blood sugar, blood lipids, hypertension, etc. can be improved. After weight loss is achieved through lifestyle intervention, medical nutrition therapy, short-term drug therapy or metabolic surgery , it can effectively relieve it T2DM.
Image source: 联正学正学正学武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武武� tml4 First, it is necessary to exclude patients with special types of diabetes, including , cortisolemia, , growth hormone tumors, glucagonoma and some genetic factors, which are often difficult to reverse due to special causes. Second, patients with type 1 and type 1.5 diabetes are excluded, because the function of pancreatic β-cells in these patients is usually at a very poor level.
Overall, can achieve 30% reversal of hyperglycemia through lifestyle intervention.
is discussed due to the specific situation. Professor Li Guangwei, a famous endocrinologist, proposed:
diabetes for 2 years, 80% may reverse
diabetes 5-1 In 0 years, 60% have the chance to reverse
diabetes for 10 years, 20% have the chance to reverse
diabetes for 10 years, 20% have the chance to reverse
"Consensus" points out that according to clinical trials (DiRECT) research, the course of the disease is <5>15 kg, the complete response rate of T2DM can reach 86%.
Summary: The probability of reversal is higher among these groups - obese hyperglycemia groups with a stable islet function, a short course of disease, and an obese hyperglycemia group.
One picture shows it:
