Dark circles spread to the whole face Yidujun 丨 Tongyun
Do you have dark circles?
Dark circles are widely circulated folk titles, referring to the phenomenon of darkening skin around the eyes. They are widely popular among the people. Although they are not painful, itchy, and asymptomatic, they can make people look tired, sad, and unhealthy, and become a major concern for many people.
However, the dark circles that are hated by the world rarely have regular treatment departments, and the term "dark circles" has not been included in medical terms so far.
Until October last year, a hospital in Nanjing opened a "dark circle clinic", which caused heated discussion and became a hot search at the time. Netizens said: "It is recommended to promote it nationwide."
A year later, this "dark circle clinic" has become a hot topic that is hard to find, which is enough to prove the degree of hatred of dark circles in humans.
However, humans have a double-standard attitude towards dark circles. Facing the national treasure panda with larger and darker dark circles, humans will only say "very cute".
Why can’t humans get along with their dark circles?
Dark circles with different lives
The different treatment of dark circles among different species is due to the different generation principles.
The dark circles on the face of the panda "Gogun" are standard for "Gogun". They are healthy, practical and distinctive. They are "own" protective equipment produced by biological evolution. They can effectively block the damage caused by sunlight reflection to the eyes, and are similar to the tear marks of cheetahs.
This dark circle eye protection function is even used by some humans.
The black bars on some baseball players’ faces are this function
Some people from primitive tribes will paint black oil colors under the current source: Tuchuang
Look at it this way, it should be a good thing for humans to have dark circles, which saves both sunglasses and oil colors. However, dark circles are neither the standard biological characteristics of per capita, and they often appear in old, weak and sick groups, causing humans to feel that dark circles are unhealthy due to stereotypes.
Health is the basic pursuit of biological life, so dark circles that look unhealthy are not popular with humans. But is it really unhealthy to have dark circles? Let’s take a look at the causes of dark circles.
Histology study found that skin with dark circles has problems with excessive melanocytes in the dermal papillary layer and moderate dilation of blood vessels in the dermal reticular layer. In addition, pathological problems such as aging problems of skin sagging, skin and fat layer are too thin, and eye edema will cause dark circles.
Therefore, dark circles are "linked" with elderly, thin and sick groups.
The medical community currently divides dark circles into three categories: pigment type, vascular type, and structural type, and there are also two or three types of "compound" dark circles. Through the classification of dark circles, we can see the "colorful" dark circles of human beings.
Colorful "black" circles
Dark circles Although "name" is black, they can show different colors on human faces. Adding different skin background colors, they can be called "colorful". Sometimes the type of dark circles can even be judged based on the color:
"pigmented dark circles" in the earth color system
"pigmented dark circles" are caused by excessive melanin deposition around the eyes, usually distributed in the lower eyelid area, which may be aggravated by fatigue and lack of sleep, extending to the upper eyelid. Because there are a large number of melanocytes in the dermis, the color will not fade due to stretching the skin.
"pigmented dark circles" in the earth-colored system
There are many causes of pigmented dark circles: spontaneous factors include pregnancy, breastfeeding, and genetic causes of local skin pigmentation; environmental factors include sun exposure, medication, trauma and eye surgery; pathological factors include dermal melanocytosis, eczema , endocrine diseases, and allergic contact dermatitis postpigmentation.
All pigmented dark circles of the eye may worsen peripheral edema caused by fatigue and lack of sleep. Because edema will increase the thickness of the skin, which increases the diffuse reflectivity of dark circles, which can be restored to the original level in the short term, which will cause the increase of skin melanin in the long term and aggravate dark circles.
Gorgeous "vascular dark circles"
Gorgeous violet or sapphire blue is the characteristic of "vascular dark circles". It is the lack of subcutaneous fat around the eyes and the thin and light skin color. It makes the periophthalmic blood vessels, dermal fetal networks and blue reticulum veins "display" on the skin surface, mainly appearing on the inner side of the eyes, usually larger than the "pigmented dark circles" and farther away from the lower eyelid, the color will become heavier due to pulling the skin.
Blue "vascular dark circles"
Purple "vascular dark circles"
Compared with Asians, European and Americans have thinner skin around their eyes, so thinner European and Americans basically have "vascular dark circles", especially white and thin French women, whose dark circles are so heavy that they can't cover them with makeup.
So French women adopted the spiritual victory method, believing that it is natural to have dark circles. Although they look tired, they belong to the sexy "decadence beauty".
French actor Eva Gaëlle Green
In addition, the efforts of the periophthalmic blood vessels themselves can also produce "vascular dark circles".
"Structural Dark Circles" with rich colors
"Structural Dark Circles" are greatly affected by the intensity of light, the angle of light, and the color of your own skin. They are divided into two types: congenital and acquired: congenital "Structural Dark Circles" are shadows of tear troughs caused by the structure of the periophthalmic ligament, which will appear at a young age; acquired "Structural Dark Circles" mainly include factors such as sagging lower eyelid skin, orbital septal fat cephalogram, and edema, which are caused by aging or disease.
Congenital "structured dark circles" of young people
allows people to obtain "structured dark circles" diseases, including eye diseases caused by hyperthyroidism, foreign bodies in the eye, liver and kidney diseases, etc. In addition, diseases such as dermatitis , eczema, allergic rhinitis will cause congestion and edema of tissue mucosa, and will also appear "structured dark circles" and will also be accompanied by "pigmented dark circles".
Due to the high work pressure and poor living habits of modern people, dark circles climb onto the young people's faces early, making everyone look old, weak and sick. So is the "dark circles" of young people saved? How to suppress dark circles in
?
Although dark circles are very "popular", they lack epidemiological research data and very little etiology research. At present, plastic surgery will provide targeted treatment of dark circles based on the medical classification of dark circles. The purpose of the treatment of pigmented dark circles is to reduce skin pigment deposition. The main methods include topical drugs, chemical peeling, and laser treatment:
topical drugs are mainly hydroquinone, topical retinoic acid , azelaic acid , steroids , kojilic acid , kojilic acid and other "decolorizers" to reduce epidermal melanin content; chemical detachment uses trichloroacetic acid (TCA), α monohydroxy acid and other chemical preparations to implement controllable damage to the skin, reduce melanin in the skin, and there are adverse reactions to abnormal pigment after healing; laser treatment is divided into three types: pigment-specific laser, pigment non-specific laser, and strong pulse light , which has slow onset and no obvious effect.
The treatment methods for vascular dark circles are aimed at two directions: skin thickening and blood vessel removal:
Skin thickening can be treated by applying the topical drug " sodium ascorbate ", or using autologous fat or soft tissue filler for filling to achieve the effect of improving dark circles. However, injection filling has the risk of too deep and ineffective, too shallow skin nodules and "fat embolism", which requires superb operating technology. In terms of
vascular removal, there are cases of doctors abroad who successfully cure vascular dark circles by injecting sclerosis agents to treat varicose veins, but the risk of sclerosis treatment is extremely high, which is very easy to cause complications of the eye and nervous system ; small incision surgery is the choice of most doctors, which can remove dilated venous blood vessels around the eyes, which can significantly improve the symptoms of dark circles and leave surgical scars; laser treatment for using "vascular-specific laser" to destroy the small capillary network and dilated veins around the eyes, which is low in operation and is the preferred treatment method.
The focus of structural dark circles is to remove the "structure" that leads to dark circles. It is the most basic project in plastic surgery:
is often treated with exfoliating or non-exfoliating laser to improve skin sagging; for congenital tear trough dark circles, filling treatment can be used to improve; while the shadow dark circles of eye bags can be relieved through eye bag removal surgery.
The above treatment methods are more suitable for the treatment of dark circles caused by non-diseases. For dark circles caused by diseases, it is a treatment of symptoms but not the root cause, and the dark circles are lost.
recommends regular routine work and rest, ensure sleep, and pay attention to sun protection than treatment doctors. Of course, we can't do it! In contrast, it is better to do a deep tanning to make dark circles pale, or learn the spiritual victory method of French women and treat dark circles as a kind of "decadence beauty".
In the end, there is only decadence and no beauty...
[1] Ma Gang Lin Xiaoxi . Causes, diagnosis and treatment of dark circles[J]. Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2014, 30(6):4.
[2] Ranu H,Thng S, Goh BK, et al.Periorbital hyperpigmentation in Asians: an epidemiological study and a proposed classification[J].Dermatol Surg201137;1297-1303.
