"Stay away from gynecological diseases and problems" has always been a hot topic for women's health. Injecting HPV vaccine in time is a popular one. Any topic related to HPV and HPV vaccines can gain a lot of attention in a short period of time.
HPV vaccine is a prevention of HPV. HPV is called "human papillomavirus" in Chinese. Although it is difficult to speak and its lethality cannot be ignored. It likes to live in the human epidermis, especially in the mouth, reproductive system and other parts. It is the culprit of inducing oral cancer, laryngeal cancer , bladder cancer , etc., but the most famous one is the cause of " cervical cancer ".
cervical cancer has long been at the forefront of gynecological cancer, and its incidence ranks first among female reproductive tumors. In 2020, the number of new cervical cancer cases in my country exceeded 110,000, accounting for about 18% of the world. Therefore, it is no surprise that HPV vaccines that can effectively prevent cervical cancer are highly expected and widely concerned.
HPV vaccine currently has three types: bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent, among which nine-valent and four-valent are imported, and bivalent coexist between domestic and imported. It is generally believed that nine-valent is the best. At present, all injections need to be made, and it is difficult to get a shot. It is very common for those who wait in line for 1 or 2 years. Some people are afraid of missing the best vaccination time and spend a lot of money to inject abroad or abroad to seek peace of mind.
HPV vaccine was approved for marketing by the US FDA in 2006. The manufacturer is Merck, the United States; in 2007, GlaxoSmithKline joined the HPV vaccine camp with its bivalent vaccine; but the most eye-catching nine-valent vaccine can only be produced by Merck, and it was launched in 2014. my country approved the launch of the UK's HPV vaccine in 2016, and the domestically produced bivalent HPV vaccine was released at the end of 2019.
Currently, HPV vaccines on the market are bivalent, tetravalent and nine-valent coexist. "Price" refers to the type of virus subtype that can be dealt with, and "Price" means that it can deal with several types of . It is generally believed that nine-valent vaccines are the best, followed by tetravalent and divalent. Is this view correct? Let's start with HPV virus.
HPV is an extremely simple DNA-like virus. The entire virus has only one layer of protein covered with except DNA. It is medically called "unenvelope DNA virus". HPV, which seems simple, is contagious like hepatitis B virus, and has extremely strong vitality. Experiments show that common disinfectants such as medical alcohol , Laisusu cannot kill HPV, and only chlorine-containing disinfectants, such as 84 disinfectant , can do it.
According to statistics, women have more than 60% chance of getting HPV in their lifetime. The most well-known characteristics of HPV are three: infectious, recurrent, and carcinogenic . HPV infection can be divided into low-risk and high-risk types. Low-risk types can cause benign lesions, with various warts as manifestations and are not fatal. Typical of them are HPV6, 11, etc. High-risk types can cause fatal problems such as cervical cancer, and are common in HPV16, 18, 33, 35, 52, 58, etc.
So, what are the differences between bivalent, tetravalent and nine-valent vaccines?
bivalent vaccine contains AS04 patented adjuvant that has won the Nobel Prize . It has been approved in my country for women aged 9-45. It is usually given three doses, and the injection plan is 0-1-6 months, and the price is about 590 yuan/dose. The HPV types it prevents are 16 and 18 models, which are the two highest types of cervical cancer in my country, and can cross-protect three high-risk types: HPV31, 33 and 45. Data shows that bivalent vaccines can prevent more than 80% of cervical cancer.
tetravalent vaccine contains the common adjuvant AI3. It is approved by my country for women aged 20-45. It is usually given three doses, and the injection plan is one dose each for 0-2-6 months, and the price is about 805 yuan/dose. It can prevent two high-risk models, HPV16 and 18, as well as low-risk models, HPV6 and 11. Data shows that 70% of cervical cancer can be prevented.
ninvalent vaccine adjuvant and tetravalent. The manufacturer officially announced that it is suitable for women aged 9-45. Usually, three doses are given, the injection plan is 0-2-6 months, and the price is about 1,305 yuan/dose. Based on the quadrivalent vaccine, it has added 5 high-risk models, including HPV31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. Data show that more than 90% of cervical cancer can be prevented.
According to book data, although the nine-valent vaccine is the most expensive and difficult to make an appointment, it can prevent the most HPV types, the best preventive effect, and the best reputation. It seems to be the most cost-effective among the three vaccines. But many doctors have given the "optimal cost-effective HPV vaccine" to the bivalent one. What's going on?
1. From the perspective of antibody maintenance, tetravalent and nickel-valent vaccines target both HPV18 and 45 types, antibody titer disappears rapidly, and it lasts for about 4 years. HPV18 is one of the high-risk factors for cervical cancer in my country. However, the bivalent vaccine still has a higher antibody titer 10 years after injection.
2. Judging from the number of antigen contained, the ninth valence is greater than the tetravalence, and the tetravalence is greater than the divalence, but the number of antigens does not mean that the number of antibodies produced is more. The final judgment is based on how many antibodies are produced. The study found that compared the number of antibodies in the three vaccines, the bivalent vaccine produced the most HPV16 and 18 antibodies.
3. Although the bivalent vaccine only contains two antigens, HPV16 and 18, it can provide cross-protection. Nine-valent and quadrivalent vaccines do not have this.
4, the two types of HPV6 and 11 are proportional to the degree of chaos in private life. If you are strict self-disciplined, it is not necessary.
5. In addition to the quality control reasons for vaccine production, manufacturers adopt "hunger marketing" method for imported vaccines from quadrivalent and nine-valent, which will attract appetite, and the appointment method is unique, giving people the illusion. In fact, the role of bivalent vaccines can be understood as "timely help", and the four-valent and nine-valent are like "icing on the cake".
6. Bivalent vaccines are in sufficient supply and more affordable prices. This is an outstanding advantage. It prevents blindly making appointments and missing the opportunity for vaccination.
So, based on your own reality, the best one is suitable, which is also the reason why the bivalent vaccine can stand out. However, since the preventive effect of HPV vaccine is not 100%, and it has age restrictions, as well as some side effects and unsuitable groups, if you need vaccination, please consult a professional doctor.
