56-year-old Uncle Wang suddenly felt dizzy and unsteady after getting up. When the family noticed it, they quickly helped Uncle Wang lie down on the bed, thinking that he would be fine after taking a short rest. Unexpectedly, Uncle Wang was lying on the bed in a daze and couldn't speak clearly. The family was frightened when they saw this, and quickly called 120 to send Uncle Wang to the hospital.
Uncle Wang was sent to the emergency room of the hospital. After examination, the doctor diagnosed Uncle Wang with acute myocardial infarction and recommended that Uncle Wang be hospitalized immediately for treatment. The doctor asked about Uncle Wang's medical history. Uncle Wang's son told the doctor: "My father usually has high blood pressure and diabetes. He has been taking medicine on time. His heart was normal during physical examinations. Why did he suddenly get a heart attack?" Where's the plot?"
"Your father has an acute myocardial infarction, and the coronary arteries of his heart are blocked. The current situation is not very optimistic. You must be mentally prepared." The doctor told Uncle Wang's son.
Uncle Wang's son: "Doctor, if the situation is so serious, can you directly make a stent for my dad? We are willing to pay any price!"
Doctor: "Your father has suffered from diabetes for many years, and the blood vessels of his heart may not be supportive. We You have to observe the specific situation before deciding whether to install a stent. You should be mentally prepared first."
The doctor performed coronary angiography for Uncle Wang. The angiography showed that Uncle Wang's three coronary arteries had varying degrees of congestion. , and two of the coronary aortas were basically blocked. Only 30% of the remaining one is not blocked. The doctor told Uncle Wang's family that it was basically impossible to make a stent based on the patient's condition. If he wanted to save his life, he could only be treated through thoracotomy. But the operation is risky and requires your signature. ”
Uncle Wang’s son was puzzled and asked the doctor that his father, in addition to having diabetes and high blood pressure, was always in good health. How could it be so severe that he couldn’t even get a heart stent? The doctor told Mr. Wang’s son that, Because your father has diabetes, cardiovascular disease is so serious.
Diabetes is not a serious disease, so why is myocardial infarction caused by diabetes so serious?
1. Myocardial infarction caused by diabetes, Why is it so powerful?
Let’s first talk about common coronary heart disease which is caused by stenosis and blockage of coronary arteries. Generally, coronary heart disease is caused by blockage of a single blood vessel. Even if multiple blood vessels are blocked, It will not be blocked too much. Therefore, as long as it is discovered in time, most patients can be out of danger.
Patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease are usually caused by multiple blockages in the coronary arteries, which will lead to serious diabetes. The main reason why patients with coronary heart disease are seriously ill is that diabetic patients have been ill for a long time. The glucose concentration in the blood of diabetic patients is extremely high, and lipid metabolism disorders can easily deposit and form plaques in blood vessels, leading to coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. If there is no active treatment for a long time, myocardial infarction will occur when the coronary arteries are blocked by deposits, plaques rupture, and platelets aggregate.
Because the levels of , blood lipids, and in diabetic patients are abnormal, and the blood lipids and levels in diabetic patients are abnormal. triglyceride , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , etc. are beyond the normal range. When the values of triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increase, the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol that protects the cardiovascular system will decrease. Lowering, the blood vessels in the human body will naturally become congested.
Studies have shown that more than 60% of diabetic patients have high blood pressure. This is because long-term chronic high blood sugar will stimulate the contraction of vascular smooth muscle, blood flow resistance changes. Large, leading to increased blood pressure. And because the increase in blood sugar concentration promotes the reabsorption of sodium by renal tubules, it causes water and sodium retention and increases blood volume, thus increasing the risk of hypertension. It harms the health of coronary arteries and aggravates congestion.
Diabetic patients usually have symptoms of relatively high blood sugar concentration in the body.This situation will cause the deformation ability of red blood cells to decrease, and emboli will easily form when flowing through some small blood vessels. When small blood clots develop into large blood clots, they can block blood vessels and cause blood clots.
Diabetic patients generally have varying degrees of insulin resistance , and insulin resistance can cause arteriosclerosis. Pancreatic islet beta cells can sense changes in human blood sugar concentration. Once blood sugar rises, pancreatic islet beta cells will release insulin , which is a hormone that can promote the synthesis of glycogen , fat, and protein to maintain the dynamic balance of blood sugar. Diabetic patients are in a hyperglycemia state. In order to reduce blood sugar to normal levels, pancreatic beta cells need to release more insulin.
In this way, it is easy to form hyperinsulinemia , and it will also lead to a corresponding increase in triglyceride and fibrinogen levels and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein. These are the main factors that induce atherosclerosis and virtually increase the risk of sudden myocardial infarction.
Although the individual effects of the above factors on myocardial infarction caused by diabetes are not large, the combined harm to the human body is overall. Therefore, it is difficult for people with diabetes to have normal cardiovascular health. Uncle Wang is usually in good health and has no symptoms of physical discomfort. Why is it so serious when he discovers a myocardial infarction?
2. Why did such a severely diseased blood vessel have no symptoms at all before?
In many people’s minds, suffering from a myocardial infarction must be excruciating pain. In fact, this is not the case. Many diabetic patients do not feel pain when they have a myocardial infarction. This is because diabetes itself is a chronic disease. The blood vessels of diabetic patients are "soaked" by high blood sugar for a long time, and the nerve endings are damaged and pathological, resulting in decreased sensation. The pain response arc of myocardial infarction is interrupted, and the pain threshold is increased. .
Therefore, when a myocardial infarction occurs, many diabetic patients do not feel pain. There are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and it is often not discovered until peripheral blood vessels are affected, or even blindness. The disease is serious, progresses quickly, and the prognosis is poor, which brings a serious burden to the family.
So what should diabetic patients like Uncle Wang do if they have a myocardial infarction at home?
3. What should I do if myocardial infarction caused by diabetes occurs?
Because many myocardial infarctions caused by diabetes are asymptomatic, once a patient suddenly becomes ill, the first step is to provide the patient with a quiet environment, allow the patient to rest, and call 120 for emergency help. We should make the patient lie down and try our best to comfort him so that his mood will not fluctuate greatly, and try to minimize moving the patient. Another thing to warn family members is that they must not cry or shout, because this can easily irritate the patient and aggravate the condition. If the patient is agitated, oral sedatives can be given to calm them if necessary.
When all this is taken care of, the patient's condition should be closely observed. Pay attention to measuring the patient's heart rate , heart rhythm, blood pressure and other changes, and record them. This can provide first-hand data to the doctors who rush to the emergency room, so that the doctors can make correct and timely treatment. Don't underestimate these actions, they may save someone's life.
Sometimes, acute myocardial infarction may cause patients to experience severe chest pain. At this time, you should try your best to relieve pain. The caregiver can give the patient sublingual nitroglycerin , Shexiang Baoxin Pills or Compound Danshen Dropping Pills , etc. If necessary, patients can inhale isosorbide dinitrate aerosol. If the patient develops symptoms of cyanosis or chest tightness, the patient should be given oxygen.
Therefore, families with patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease need to prepare the drugs I just mentioned and home oxygen bags in case of emergency.
If the patient's condition is very serious and he has difficulty breathing and spitting out a large amount of pink foamy sputum, he must be alert to the possibility of acute heart failure . At this time, the patient should be supported immediately in a semi-recumbent position. , reduce venous return , to reduce the burden on the heart. The patient's family members must pay close attention to the patient's condition. If the patient appears pale, sweating profusely, cold limbs, weak pulse, decreased blood pressure and other symptoms, it indicates that shock may occur.
At this time, we should gently lower the patient's head to increase blood flow to the head. In addition, acupuncture can be used on the patient's philtrum, Hegu , Yongquan and other acupoints. Another situation is that if the patient asks to defecate, the patient must not be asked to hold his breath forcefully. Otherwise, the reflex of the vagus nerve may cause cardiac arrest.
After doing this, the family members can wait patiently for 120 emergency services to come to their door. Myocardial infarction caused by diabetes is so dangerous. Are there any precautions we should pay attention to in our daily life?
4. How to prevent the occurrence of diabetes combined with heart disease?
Although it is more difficult for people with diabetes to maintain cardiovascular health, they can reduce cardiovascular damage through some means and play a role in preventing the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
First of all, diabetic patients should actively cooperate with doctors for treatment and control blood sugar. Diabetes is generally closely related to the patient's age, gender, weight, and blood sugar levels. Therefore, when diabetes is diagnosed, it is very important to actively control the basic balance of blood sugar through medication or insulin injection under the guidance of a doctor.
If the patient not only has diabetes, but also has symptoms of high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia, he must also be treated correctly. Maintain good living habits in daily life, control total food calorie intake, eat small meals frequently, eat a light diet, quit smoking and drinking, and maintain a good mentality.
Diabetic patients should undergo relevant physical examinations regularly, and especially pay attention to monitoring their heart condition. Because there are many complications for diabetic patients, it is particularly important to go to the hospital regularly to monitor blood pressure, blood sugar, electrocardiogram and other items, so as to achieve early detection and early treatment. If there is obvious physical discomfort, don't leave it to chance and treat it immediately. Go to the hospital for treatment. If it is determined that the patient has a heart problem, in order to improve the blood supply to the patient's heart, he can take drugs that dilate the coronary arteries under the guidance of a doctor to protect his own heart health.
Diabetic patients should maintain regular eating habits on a daily basis. When choosing carbohydrates, they should also focus on the combination of thickness and thickness. Eat less refined rice and noodles, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and quit foods high in oil and salt. Pay attention to the intake of protein and fat, and pay attention to a balanced nutritional mix.
Exercise is very good for diabetic patients to control their sugar. It can also improve metabolism and enhance their own immunity. It is best to walk for at least 30 minutes after three meals. If possible, do other things according to your own situation. Do not overdo aerobic exercise, which may cause other problems.
Warm reminder:
Although myocardial infarction caused by diabetes is serious, you only need to do the above points every day. The risk of diabetes combined with heart disease may be greatly reduced, but patients must be determined to persevere and never have a fever for three minutes. If they feel unwell every day, they must go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying the condition.
