Recently, the General Office of the National Health Commission issued the "Security for Screening Intervention Services for Children Aged 0-6 (Trial)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Standards"). The "Specifications" provide detailed requirements for screening, diagnosis and intervention services for autism in children aged 0 to 6 years old, from seven parts, including service objects, service purposes, service content, technical requirements of service institutions and personnel, work requirements, and evaluation indicators.
The "Normative" points out that autism spectrum disorder (also known as autism, hereinafter referred to as autism) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs in early childhood. It is characterized by social communication disorders, narrow interests, and repeated behavioral stereotypes, which seriously affect children's social function and quality of life. The prevalence of autism in children in my country is about 7‰, which seriously endangers children's health and family happiness. Autism usually starts in infancy and toddlerhood. Currently, there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. The main treatment method is rehabilitation training. The optimal treatment period is before the age of 6. The earlier the intervention, the better the effect. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early intervention can improve the symptoms and prognosis of children to varying degrees.
Among them, in the intervention and rehabilitation part of the service content, the "Specifications" clearly state that intervention and rehabilitation training is undertaken by special educational institutions with the ability to intervene and rehabilitate children with autism intervention and rehabilitation capabilities, pediatrics and children's health departments, psychiatric hospital pediatrics, Children's hospital , maternal and child health institutions, conditions for primary medical and health institutions and qualified children's psychological rehabilitation institutions.
related requirements are as follows:
1. Basic principles.
(1) Early intervention. early intervention can significantly improve the prognosis of children with autism, and the earlier the intervention, the better. Confirmed children should intervene immediately, and children who meet the referral conditions during the initial screening and re-screening stage should be promptly educated, guided and intervened.
(2) Individualized intervention. Children with autism have different development levels. Children should evaluate the development levels of various energy areas such as social, language, cognition, and adaptability, and formulate individualized education intervention plans based on the evaluation results.
(3) Scientific evidence-based. Currently, there are many autism intervention methods, and scientific and effective methods with clear evidence-based medical evidence should be chosen.
(4) Long-range high intensity. Autism, as a neurodevelopmental disorder, requires long-term intervention, and the intervention duration generally lasts for several years or even longer. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient effective intervention time every day, and the weekly intervention time should be more than 20 hours.
(5) is mainly based on the grassroots. actively promotes an intervention and rehabilitation model based on county-level maternal and child health institutions and primary medical and health institutions, and actively participates in families, to help autistic children achieve nearby convenient intervention. At the same time, we will give full play to the backbone role of medical and health institutions at the municipal level and above, and strengthen technical guidance for grassroots medical and health institutions.
(6) Family participation. encourages families and parents to actively participate in intervention, provide all-round support and education to families and parents, and improves the degree of participation of families in intervention.
2. Intervention method.
(1) Behavioral intervention. chooses early intervention methods based on age, developmental level, etc., with the improvement of social interaction, language and non-verbal communication skills as the core content, behavioral therapy as the basic means, and structured education and nurturing in natural situations as the basic framework for intervention, cultivate self-care and independent living ability, reduce unaccommodating behaviors, and improve survival skills and communication skills.
(2) Family intervention and support. The participation and support of parents and family members are important strategies and measures for intervention and rehabilitation in children with autism.Through popular science education, demonstration consultation and other methods, parents and families are encouraged to learn autism-related knowledge and family intervention methods. The main principles include: understanding, acceptance, tolerance, respect and care of the behavior of autistic children; emotional and behavioral problems of autistic children, through companionship and interaction, life care and games during the parenting process, family intervention is carried out in a happy, moderate and clever way; pay attention to children's growth performance, discover children's special interests and personal abilities, and cultivate and transform accordingly. At the same time, we should care about our parents' own psychological state and physical health and provide corresponding help.
(3) Drug treatment. currently lacks drugs for the core symptoms of autism in children. Children with autistic diseases with severe emotional and behavioral disorders and comorbidities should be referred to relevant medical institutions in a timely manner, and drugs should be selected and used strictly under the guidance of specialist .
"Security for Screening Intervention Services for Children Aged 0-6 (Trial)"
Source: Official website of the National Health Commission, Chinese Social Work, please indicate the source for reprinting
Editor: Zhou Peiying
Review: Yan Wei
Review: Xu Wei
Review: Xu Wei
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