Author: Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Ye Ruohan
Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital Li Xiufeng
Good news, good news, we can finally get the fourth shot of the vaccine. But when I saw the official "plan", I was a little confused. What do so many plans mean? Which one is better?
What are the second dose booster shots (fourth shot)?
According to the "Implementation Plan", according to the progress of vaccine research and development work, all vaccines approved for conditional marketing or emergency use can be used for the second dose of booster immunity.
The relevant combinations for the second dose of booster immunity are as follows:
There are many kinds of the above combinations. What are the differences?
options seem to be many, but in fact there are only three,
① 3-shot inactivated vaccine + 1-shot viral vector vaccine;
② 3 shots of inactivated vaccine + 1 shot of recombinant protein vaccine ;
③ 2 shots of viral vector vaccine + 1 shot of viral vector vaccine.
So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of these types of vaccines? The following Yixian pharmacist will introduce to you:
inactivated vaccine
recombinant protein vaccine
viral vector vaccine
三
What are the characteristics of inhaled and nasal spray vaccines?
Inhaled and nasal spray vaccines are not available in the first three shots. They are similar to the previous intramuscular vaccines. The difference lies in the different technologies. The inhalation type is sucked through the mouth, the nasal spray type is sprayed into the nasal cavity, and the intramuscular injection type uses a needle.
inhaled vaccine: is vaccinated through respiratory inhalation. It can theoretically produce mucosal immunity and inhibit the colonization and reproduction of virus in the respiratory tract.
Nasal spray vaccine: can induce mucosal and cellular immunity. is more effective. It can directly block virus replication in the nasal cavity after use. The protective effect can be seen 24 hours after vaccination, but the serum antibody titer stimulated by the body is weaker.
New vaccination method
Advantages: induces mucosal immunity and cuts off the infection route; the dose is small and the effect is long-lasting. Disadvantages of
: The dosage of is difficult to control, and a small number of users will have mild adverse reactions. Patients with respiratory diseases, such as asthma, may not be suitable for use with .
Warm Tips
Both intramuscular vaccines and inhaled vaccines can be used as booster shots. Choose the appropriate one according to your own situation and vaccinate with an interval of more than 6 months from the first dose of booster shot. Especially for people who are at high risk of infection, are over 60 years old, have serious underlying diseases and have low immunity, it is recommended to complete the immune booster as soon as possible. Research data shows that after the elderly receive the second booster shot, the severe disease and mortality rates can be further reduced.
It is recommended to give priority to sequential booster vaccination . In layman's terms, it is recommended to mix vaccinations and try to choose a different type of new crown vaccine from the first dose.
If you have been infected with the new coronavirus recently, it is recommended to wait at least 6 months before vaccination.
If you have had a severe allergic reaction after vaccination or are in the acute attack stage of a chronic disease, it is recommended to postpone vaccination.
There is a saying that vaccination is not as good as infection Omicron . This is not true. Booster shots can reduce the risk of hospitalization, severe illness and death , whether it is the elderly, adults or young people. Therefore, it is recommended that everyone complete the booster vaccination as soon as possible to increase antibody levels in a shorter period of time and better enhance protection capabilities.
