.0000-year 2022 Qatar World Cup just ended, and Hamad International Airport is about to become the busiest transportation hub in the world again. The iris recognition technology deployed by the airport at immigration counters and electronic boarding gates can greatly shorten the boarding time and allow passengers to quickly pass the security checkpoint within 310 seconds, while meeting the experience needs of security, fast throughput and seamless travel.
Why can iris be used to confirm personal identity? How is it implemented? Compared with other biometrics such as fingerprints and faces, is iris recognition safer and what are its advantages?
Source: Network
What are the advantages of iris recognition?
If you compare the eyes to a window, the iris is the "curtain" of this window. The appearance of human eyes is composed of the sclera, iris, pupil, etc. The sclera is the white part of the periphery of the eyeball. The pupil is the black part of the center. The iris is located between the sclera and the pupil. It is a circular film between the pupil and the whites of the eye, containing rich texture information. The texture of the iris is clearly visible, with many intertwined spots, filaments, coronals, stripes, crypts and other detailed features.
It is understood that the characteristics of iris are different from each other, and even twins are no exception. After 18 months of birth, the iris has been stereotyped and remains unchanged throughout life. It is very little affected by changes in the external climate and body changes, and is a very stable biological characteristic. This determines the uniqueness of iris characteristics and also determines the uniqueness of identity recognition. Therefore, people have found that using iris as a password has better long-term security.
Source: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
In the bioinformatics recognition technologies such as fingerprint recognition and facial recognition, which have been widely used, there are risks of password failure such as forgery and destruction. For example, fingerprints are more likely to wear and destroy, and facial recognition has plastic surgery, expressions and postures under different lighting affect the recognition effect. The medical difficulty and surgical risk of changing iris characteristics are very high, and the iris is a living organ with subtle dynamic characteristics and can be used for survival certification, which makes it extremely difficult for to fake iris .
Compared with fingerprints, faces, etc., which may mimic and replicate biometric characteristics through new technologies such as 3D printing , the iris is controlled by optic nerve blood vessels and muscle tissue, and the frequency of pupil diffusion and tremor may change at any time. is suitable for high-security strong identity authentication . In comparison, iris recognition technology has more difficult characteristics than fingerprint recognition and face recognition, and has become an important technology that takes into account high security and popularization among the existing biometric recognition technology.
According to relevant experts, the recognition speed of iris and faces is currently almost the same, but iris recognition requires high coordination for user interaction, such as the requirements for imaging distance.
Source: Network
How to implement iris recognition technology?
Step 1, collecting iris images, and collecting photos of iris through the image acquisition system;
Step 2, image preprocessing, accurately locate the iris from the collected images, and perform image enhancement processing;
Step 3, iris feature extraction, using a specific algorithm to extract the feature points required for iris recognition from the iris image and encode them;
Step 4, match the iris identity, match the feature encoding obtained by the feature extraction with the iris image feature encoding in the database, and determine whether it is the same iris, thereby achieving the purpose of identity recognition.
Source: pixabay
The origin of iris recognition technology went through multiple stages:
1885, French Alphonse Bertillon (Alphonse Bertillon) applied the idea of using biometric identification in criminal prisons in Paris. The biometrics used at that time included iris in addition to the size of the ear and the length of the feet.
1987, British ophthalmologist Aran Safir and American ophthalmologist Leonard Fromm (Leonard) Flom first proposed the concept of automatic iris recognition using iris images. By 1991, Paul Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory implemented an automatic iris recognition system;
1993, UKUHKUC computer scientist John Daugman invented IrisCode iris recognition based on two-dimensional Gabor wavelets. Today, most automatic iris recognition systems use the DAUGMAN core algorithm;
Before 2000, China did not have its own core intellectual property rights in iris recognition. The team of Academician Tan Tieniu , Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has started research on iris recognition in China since 1998, and has made important progress on a series of key issues such as iris image acquisition, iris region segmentation, iris feature expression, and iris image classification. The computing theory and technical methods of iris recognition have been systematically developed. Based on years of research, the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed the core algorithm for iris recognition in early 2000, becoming one of the few units in the world to master the core algorithm for iris recognition.
From China's black technology - iris + multimodal multifunctional identity recognition machine also appeared in this Qatar World Cup. Police or security personnel can use the artificial intelligence device in the form of a dedicated mobile phone to identify and credible authentication of incoming contestants, fans and passengers.
Image source: pixabay
In life, Where can we apply iris recognition
In recent years, iris recognition technology has continuously made phased breakthroughs, and iris recognition technology is becoming more and more "daily" and has been applied to all aspects of social life.
In November 2002, Germany Bad Reichenhall City, Bavaria, installed the iris recognition system , which only allows the baby's mother, nurse or doctor to enter to ensure the baby's safety. After the baby is discharged from the hospital, the system will delete the iris code data of his mother.
Since January 2006, schools in New Jersey in the United States have promoted the installation of iris recognition devices on campus for safety control. School students and employees no longer use any form of cards and documents. Foreign personnel must log in to iris information before entering the campus. The installation has promoted the reduction of the number of violations of school rules and infringement and criminal activities on campus, and has reduced the difficulty of campus management.
In September 2010, India launched the world's largest biometric identification system (also known as the Aadhaar program), and has completed the collection of biometric data for the local 1.2 billion people. The project provides Indian residents with a unique 12-digit identity certificate number, which is bound to their iris information, mobile phone number and bank account, and can easily enjoy digital medical, social security, training, employment, mobile business processing and online payment services.
Source: Flickr
In addition, all Olympic Games focus on security prevention, and iris recognition technology is increasingly being used in Olympic security with its unique advantages.
In 1998 Japan Nagano Winter Olympics , the iris recognition system was applied to the control of athletes and government officials entering the Olympic village, and the iris recognition technology was used in the safety management of guns in shooting events;
2004 Athens Olympics enabled a biometric identification identification system including iris recognition. It can confirm a person's identity through a complete set of biometric recognition technologies for body organs such as eyes, faces, fingerprints, and physical behaviors such as sound, gait, and handwriting. All people entering and leaving airports, customs, railway stations, and Olympic venues are automatically identified through cameras.(Compiled by: Kong Fanxin Planning by: Mu Ziye)
Reference | Science and Technology Daily, People's Daily , "Outlook" News Weekly, Guangming.com, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yiou.com
Source: World Internet Conference
